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Total 730 results found since Jan 2013.

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1976: Extracellular Vesicles as a Translational Approach for the Treatment of COVID-19 Disease: An Updated Overview
a Di Domenico Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused a global pandemic in the years 2020–2022. With a high prevalence, an easy route of transmission, and a long incubation time, SARS-CoV-2 spread quickly and affected public health and socioeconomic conditions. Several points need to be elucidated about its mechanisms of infection, in particular, its capability to evade the immune system and escape from neutralizing antibodies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are phospholipid bilayer-delimited particles that are involved in cell-to-cell communication; they contain biological infor...
Source: Viruses - September 22, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Enrica Serretiello Andrea Ballini Annafrancesca Smimmo Marina Acunzo Mariarosaria Raimo Stefania Cantore Marina Di Domenico Tags: Review Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1933: Unraveling the Dynamics of Omicron (BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5) Waves and Emergence of the Deltacton Variant: Genomic Epidemiology of the SARS-CoV-2 Epidemic in Cyprus (Oct 2021 & ndash;Oct 2022)
This study offers a comprehensive assessment spanning genetic, phylogenetic, phylodynamic, and phylogeographic dimensions, focused on the trajectory of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Cyprus. Based on a dataset comprising 4700 viral genomic sequences obtained from affected individuals between October 2021 and October 2022, our analysis is presented. Over this timeframe, a total of 167 distinct lineages and sublineages emerged, including variants such as Delta and Omicron (1, 2, and 5). Notably, during the fifth wave of infections, Omicron subvariants 1 and 2 gained prominence, followed by the ascendancy of Omicron 5 in the subs...
Source: Viruses - September 15, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Andreas C. Chrysostomou Bram Vrancken Christos Haralambous Maria Alexandrou Ioanna Gregoriou Marios Ioannides Costakis Ioannou Olga Kalakouta Christos Karagiannis Markella Marcou Christina Masia Michail Mendris Panagiotis Papastergiou Philippos C. Patsali Tags: Article Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1924: Genomic Epidemiology and Lineage Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in Bulgaria: Insights from a Three-Year Pandemic Analysis
In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of the genomic epidemiology and lineage dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in Bulgaria over a three-year period. Through extensive genomic sequencing and data analysis, we investigated the evolution of the virus, the emergence of variants of concern (VOCs), and their impact on the country’s pandemic trajectory. We also assessed the relationship between viral diversity and COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in Bulgaria. Our findings shed light on the temporal and spatial distribution of SARS-CoV-2 lineages and provide crucial insights into the dynamics of the pandemic in th...
Source: Viruses - September 15, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Marta Giovanetti Eleonora Cella Ivan Ivanov Lyubomira Grigorova Ivan Stoikov Deyan Donchev Reneta Dimitrova Svetoslav Nanev Slavov Carla Mavian Vagner Fonseca Fabio Scarpa Alessandra Borsetti Neli Korsun Ivelina Trifonova Veselin Dobrinov Todor Kantardjie Tags: Article Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1921: microRNA-185 Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Infection through the Modulation of the Host & rsquo;s Lipid Microenvironment
Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1921: microRNA-185 Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Infection through the Modulation of the Host’s Lipid Microenvironment Viruses doi: 10.3390/v15091921 Authors: Nadine Ahmed Magen E. Francis Noreen Ahmed Alyson A. Kelvin John Paul Pezacki With the emergence of the novel betacoronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there has been an urgent need for the development of fast-acting antivirals, particularly in dealing with different variants of concern (VOC). SARS-CoV-2, like other RNA viruses, depends on host cell machinery to propagate and misregulate meta...
Source: Viruses - September 14, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Nadine Ahmed Magen E. Francis Noreen Ahmed Alyson A. Kelvin John Paul Pezacki Tags: Article Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1910: Colorimetric RT-LAMP Detection of Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Lineages of Concern Direct from Nasopharyngeal Swab Samples without RNA Isolation
Adrian A. Vojnov Since, during the Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, a large part of the human population has become infected, a rapid and simple diagnostic method has been necessary to detect its causative agent, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), and control its spread. Thus, in the present study, we developed a colorimetric reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) kit that allows the detection of SARS-CoV-2 from nasopharyngeal swab samples without the need for RNA extraction. The kit utilizes three sets of LAMP primers targeting two reg...
Source: Viruses - September 12, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Santiago Werbajh Luciana Larocca Carolina Carrillo Fabiana Stolowicz Lorena Ogas Sergio Pallotto Solange Cassar á Liliana Mammana In és Zapiola Mar ía Belén Bouzas Adrian A. Vojnov Tags: Article Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1905: Special Issue & ldquo;Advances in Antiviral Agents against SARS-CoV-2 and Its Variants & rdquo;
Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1905: Special Issue “Advances in Antiviral Agents against SARS-CoV-2 and Its Variants” Viruses doi: 10.3390/v15091905 Authors: Francesca Esposito Rolando Cannalire Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), with 770 million reported cases and around 7 million deaths, represents the worst pandemic in the last 100 years [...]
Source: Viruses - September 10, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Francesca Esposito Rolando Cannalire Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1904: Liver Involvement during SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Associated with a Worse Respiratory Outcome in COVID-19 Patients
In conclusion, liver abnormalities on admission predisposed COVID-19 patients to development of more severe interstitial pneumonia, because of a longer requirement for supplemental oxygen and a more intensive respiratory support, indicative of a worse disease evolution in these patients.
Source: Viruses - September 10, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Ciro Romano Domenico Cozzolino Riccardo Nevola Marianna Abitabile Caterina Carusone Francesca Cinone Giovanna Cuomo Francesco Nappo Ausilia Sellitto Giuseppina Rosaria Umano Luigi Elio Adinolfi Aldo Marrone Luca Rinaldi Tags: Article Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1897: Genotype and Phenotype Characterization of Rhinolophus sp. Sarbecoviruses from Vietnam: Implications for Coronavirus Emergence
r Vu Dinh Thong Sylvie van der Werf Vu Sinh Nam Marc Eloit Bats are a major reservoir of zoonotic viruses, including coronaviruses. Since the emergence of SARS-CoV in 2002/2003 in Asia, important efforts have been made to describe the diversity of Coronaviridae circulating in bats worldwide, leading to the discovery of the precursors of epidemic and pandemic sarbecoviruses in horseshoe bats. We investigated the viral communities infecting horseshoe bats living in Northern Vietnam, and report here the first identification of sarbecoviruses in Rhinolophus thomasi and Rhinolophus siamensis bats. Phylogenetic chara...
Source: Viruses - September 8, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Sarah Temmam Tran Cong Tu B éatrice Regnault Massimiliano Bonomi Delphine Chr étien L éa Vendramini Tran Nhu Duong Tran Vu Phong Nguyen Thi Yen Hoang Ngoc Anh Tran Hai Son Pham Tuan Anh Faustine Amara Thomas Bigot Sandie Munier Vu Dinh Thong Sylvie van Tags: Article Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1890: Multiplex One-Step RT-qPCR Assays for Simultaneous Detection of SARS-CoV-2 and Other Enteric Viruses of Dogs and Cats
In conclusion, these newly developed one-step multiplex RT-qPCR assays allow for rapid diagnosis of enteric viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2, in dogs and cats.
Source: Viruses - September 7, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: C ôme J. Thieulent Mariano Carossino Laura Peak Wendy Wolfson Udeni B. R. Balasuriya Tags: Article Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1881: Development and Validation of a Panel of One-Step Four-Plex qPCR/RT-qPCR Assays for Simultaneous Detection of SARS-CoV-2 and Other Pathogens Associated with Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Complex
Balasuriya Canine infectious respiratory disease complex (CIRDC) is the primary cause of respiratory disease in the canine population and is caused by a wide array of viruses and bacterial pathogens with coinfections being common. Since its recognition in late 2019, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been reported to cause respiratory disease in dogs. Therefore, the rapid detection and differentiation of SARS-CoV-2 from other common viral and bacterial agents is critical from a public health standpoint. Here, we developed and validated a panel of four one-step multiplex qPCR/RT-qPCR assays...
Source: Viruses - September 5, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: C ôme J. Thieulent Mariano Carossino Laura Peak Keith Strother Wendy Wolfson Udeni B. R. Balasuriya Tags: Article Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1859: Lichen or Associated Micro-Organism Compounds Are Active against Human Coronaviruses
Conclusions: Taken together, these results show that lichens are a source of interesting antiviral agents against human coronaviruses. Moreover, perlatolic acid might be further studied for its pan-coronavirus antiviral activity.
Source: Viruses - August 31, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Lowiese Desmarets Marion Millot Maryl ène Chollet-Krugler Jo ël Boustie Charline Camuzet Nathan Fran çois Yves Rouill é Sandrine Belouzard Sophie Tomasi Lengo Mambu Karin S éron Tags: Article Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1842: Acquisition of Humoral Immune Responses in Convalescent Japanese People with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection in 2021
i Morishita We investigated humoral immune responses in 222 unvaccinated Japanese people after recovery from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in 2021. Anti-spike-protein IgG antibody levels and neutralizing antibody titers were measured in serum samples obtained within 20–180 days after diagnosis. The geometric mean of antibody titers was 1555 ELU/mL (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1257–1923), and the neutralizing activity (50% inhibitory dilution) was 253 (95% CI = 204–313). The antibody titer and neutralizing activity both increased with ...
Source: Viruses - August 30, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Koshiro Monzen Takanori Watanabe Toshihiro Okabe Hisakuni Sekino Hironori Nakagami Ryuichi Morishita Tags: Article Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1841: Atovaquone and Pibrentasvir Inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 Endoribonuclease and Restrict Infection In Vitro but Not In Vivo
Joshy Jacob The emergence of SARS-CoV-1 in 2003 followed by MERS-CoV and now SARS-CoV-2 has proven the latent threat these viruses pose to humanity. While the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has shifted to a stage of endemicity, the threat of new coronaviruses emerging from animal reservoirs remains. To address this issue, the global community must develop small molecule drugs targeting highly conserved structures in the coronavirus proteome. Here, we characterized existing drugs for their ability to inhibit the endoribonuclease activity of the SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 15 (nsp15) via in silico, in vitro, and in vivo tec...
Source: Viruses - August 30, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Troy von Beck Luis Mena Hernandez Hongyi Zhou Katharine Floyd Mehul S. Suthar Jeffrey Skolnick Joshy Jacob Tags: Article Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1828: Safety and Immunogenicity of Inactivated Whole Virion COVID-19 Vaccine CoviVac in Clinical Trials in 18 & ndash;60 and 60+ Age Cohorts
In conclusion, inactivated vaccine CoviVac has shown good tolerability and safety, with over 85% NT seroconversion rates after complete vaccination course in participants who were seronegative at screening in both age groups: 18–60 and 60+. In participants who were seropositive at screening and had nAB titers below 1:256, a single vaccination led to a fourfold increase in nAB levels in 85.2% of cases. These findings indicate that CoviVac can be successfully used both for primary vaccination in a two-dose regimen and for booster vaccination as a single dose in individuals with reduced neutralizing antibody levels.
Source: Viruses - August 29, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Ilya V. Gordeychuk Liubov I. Kozlovskaya Aleksandra A. Siniugina Nadezhda V. Yagovkina Vladimir I. Kuzubov Konstantin A. Zakharov Viktor P. Volok Maria S. Dodina Larissa V. Gmyl Natalya A. Korotina Rostislav D. Theodorovich Yulia I. Ulitina Dmitry I. Vovk Tags: Article Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1810: Long COVID Complicated by Fatal Cytomegalovirus and Aspergillus Infection of the Lungs: An Autopsy Case Report
We present a unique autopsy case of a patient with severe COVID-19 with prolonged viral persistence who developed interstitial lung fibrosis complicated by a fatal combination of cytomegalovirus and Aspergillus infection. SARS-CoV-2 virus was detected at autopsy in the lungs more than two months after the acute infection, although tests from the nasopharynx were negative. Immune dysregulation after COVID-19 and the administration of corticoid therapy created favorable conditions for the cytomegalovirus and Aspergillus infection that were uncovered at autopsy. These pathogens may represent a risk for opportunistic infection...
Source: Viruses - August 25, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Lucia Krivosikova Tereza Kuracinova Peter Martanovic Michaela Hyblova Jozef Kaluzay Alexandra Uhrinova Pavol Janega Pavel Babal Tags: Case Report Source Type: research