Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease in HIV: practical insights in an evolving field
Top Antivir Med. 2023 Dec 5;31(5):559-565.ABSTRACTPeople with HIV (PWH) are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than people without HIV. As antiretroviral therapy (ART) and the natural history of HIV have evolved, so have the pathogenesis and manifestations of HIV-associated CVD. Epidemiologic data from several cohorts demonstrate that PWH have an approximately 50% higher risk than people without HIV for CVD, including, but not limited to, myocardial infarction and heart failure. This elevated CVD risk is not universal among PWH; for instance, the risk is higher among individuals with a history of sustained uns...
Source: Topics in antiviral medicine - January 10, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Harris Avgousti Matthew J Feinstein Source Type: research
Doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis for prevention of sexually transmitted infections
Top Antivir Med. 2023 Dec 5;31(5):566-575.ABSTRACTDoxycycline postexposure prophylaxis (doxy-PEP) is a novel strategy now demonstrated in several clinical trials to dramatically reduce incidence rates of gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis in some key populations at high risk of sexually transmitted infections. Even so, much remains unknown about the long-term consequences of doxy-PEP, and several concerns, including the potential for the development of antibiotic resistance and disturbances to the microbiome, balance the benefits. This review highlights the history of antibiotic prophylaxis for sexually transmitted infecti...
Source: Topics in antiviral medicine - January 10, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Chase A Cannon Connie L Celum Source Type: research
2023 updated guidelines on infant feeding and HIV in the United States: what are they and why have recommendations changed
Top Antivir Med. 2023 Dec 5;31(5):576-586.ABSTRACTThe US Department of Health and Human Services guidelines on infant feeding among people with HIV have changed in response to (1) evidence of low risk of transmission via breast milk among individuals with consistent viral suppression, (2) considerations of equity and cultural norms, and (3) community desires. The 2023 guidelines recommend patient-centered shared decision-making. Individuals with HIV who are receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and have consistent viral suppression should be counseled on the options of for-mula feeding, feeding with banked donor milk, or ...
Source: Topics in antiviral medicine - January 10, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Lealah Pollock July Levison Source Type: research
Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease in HIV: practical insights in an evolving field
Top Antivir Med. 2023 Dec 5;31(5):559-565.ABSTRACTPeople with HIV (PWH) are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than people without HIV. As antiretroviral therapy (ART) and the natural history of HIV have evolved, so have the pathogenesis and manifestations of HIV-associated CVD. Epidemiologic data from several cohorts demonstrate that PWH have an approximately 50% higher risk than people without HIV for CVD, including, but not limited to, myocardial infarction and heart failure. This elevated CVD risk is not universal among PWH; for instance, the risk is higher among individuals with a history of sustained uns...
Source: Topics in antiviral medicine - January 10, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Harris Avgousti Matthew J Feinstein Source Type: research
Doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis for prevention of sexually transmitted infections
Top Antivir Med. 2023 Dec 5;31(5):566-575.ABSTRACTDoxycycline postexposure prophylaxis (doxy-PEP) is a novel strategy now demonstrated in several clinical trials to dramatically reduce incidence rates of gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis in some key populations at high risk of sexually transmitted infections. Even so, much remains unknown about the long-term consequences of doxy-PEP, and several concerns, including the potential for the development of antibiotic resistance and disturbances to the microbiome, balance the benefits. This review highlights the history of antibiotic prophylaxis for sexually transmitted infecti...
Source: Topics in antiviral medicine - January 10, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Chase A Cannon Connie L Celum Source Type: research
2023 updated guidelines on infant feeding and HIV in the United States: what are they and why have recommendations changed
Top Antivir Med. 2023 Dec 5;31(5):576-586.ABSTRACTThe US Department of Health and Human Services guidelines on infant feeding among people with HIV have changed in response to (1) evidence of low risk of transmission via breast milk among individuals with consistent viral suppression, (2) considerations of equity and cultural norms, and (3) community desires. The 2023 guidelines recommend patient-centered shared decision-making. Individuals with HIV who are receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and have consistent viral suppression should be counseled on the options of for-mula feeding, feeding with banked donor milk, or ...
Source: Topics in antiviral medicine - January 10, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Lealah Pollock July Levison Source Type: research
Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease in HIV: practical insights in an evolving field
Top Antivir Med. 2023 Dec 5;31(5):559-565.ABSTRACTPeople with HIV (PWH) are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than people without HIV. As antiretroviral therapy (ART) and the natural history of HIV have evolved, so have the pathogenesis and manifestations of HIV-associated CVD. Epidemiologic data from several cohorts demonstrate that PWH have an approximately 50% higher risk than people without HIV for CVD, including, but not limited to, myocardial infarction and heart failure. This elevated CVD risk is not universal among PWH; for instance, the risk is higher among individuals with a history of sustained uns...
Source: Topics in antiviral medicine - January 10, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Harris Avgousti Matthew J Feinstein Source Type: research
Doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis for prevention of sexually transmitted infections
Top Antivir Med. 2023 Dec 5;31(5):566-575.ABSTRACTDoxycycline postexposure prophylaxis (doxy-PEP) is a novel strategy now demonstrated in several clinical trials to dramatically reduce incidence rates of gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis in some key populations at high risk of sexually transmitted infections. Even so, much remains unknown about the long-term consequences of doxy-PEP, and several concerns, including the potential for the development of antibiotic resistance and disturbances to the microbiome, balance the benefits. This review highlights the history of antibiotic prophylaxis for sexually transmitted infecti...
Source: Topics in antiviral medicine - January 10, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Chase A Cannon Connie L Celum Source Type: research
2023 updated guidelines on infant feeding and HIV in the United States: what are they and why have recommendations changed
Top Antivir Med. 2023 Dec 5;31(5):576-586.ABSTRACTThe US Department of Health and Human Services guidelines on infant feeding among people with HIV have changed in response to (1) evidence of low risk of transmission via breast milk among individuals with consistent viral suppression, (2) considerations of equity and cultural norms, and (3) community desires. The 2023 guidelines recommend patient-centered shared decision-making. Individuals with HIV who are receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and have consistent viral suppression should be counseled on the options of for-mula feeding, feeding with banked donor milk, or ...
Source: Topics in antiviral medicine - January 10, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Lealah Pollock July Levison Source Type: research
CROI 2023: Summary of Basic Science Research in HIV
Top Antivir Med. 2023 Jun 30;31(4):523-528.ABSTRACTThe 2023 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) represented the first fully in-person conference since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic began. CROI continues as the premier conference in which delegates can appraise themselves of almost every facet of HIV/AIDS research as well as emerging and re-emerging pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2 and mpox. The return to an in-person format is particularly important for early-stage investigators, who were faced with challenges of advancing their independent research careers...
Source: Topics in antiviral medicine - September 13, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Mario Stevenson Source Type: research
CROI 2023: Metabolic and Other Complications of HIV Infection
Top Antivir Med. 2023 Jun 30;31(4):538-542.ABSTRACTComorbid conditions have major impacts on the health, quality of life, and survival of people with HIV, particularly as they age. The 2023 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) featured excellent science related to specific comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and obesity. Studies investigating factors that may contribute to CVD, such as mental health disorders, antiretroviral therapies, and activation of hormonal pathways, were featured prominently. Other studies sought to understand the epidemiology of non-AIDS-defining ca...
Source: Topics in antiviral medicine - September 13, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sudipa Sarkar Todd T Brown Source Type: research
CROI 2023: Tuberculosis and Infectious Complications in Persons With HIV
Top Antivir Med. 2023 Jun 30;31(4):529-537.ABSTRACTNovel implementation strategies to increase uptake and adherence to tuberculosis (TB) preventive therapy hold promise for reducing TB incidence in persons with HIV in high-burden settings. In persons who develop drug-susceptible TB, progress to shorten TB treatment continues to be made with the introduction of new drugs and novel treatment strategies that could allow for treatment shortening to 2 months for most people. A global case series provided powerful evidence that mpox should be considered an HIV-related opportunistic infection given its severe manifestations and p...
Source: Topics in antiviral medicine - September 13, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Andrew D Kerkhoff Diane V Havlir Source Type: research
CROI 2023: Neuropsychiatric Complications in People With HIV
Top Antivir Med. 2023 Jun 30;31(4):543-555.ABSTRACTThe 2023 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) featured new and impactful findings about neuropsychiatric complications in people with HIV and other infections. Reports included new evidence of (a) the importance of myeloid cells in the pathogenesis of HIV disease in the central nervous system, including as an HIV reservoir; (b) eukaryotic and prokaryotic viruses in cerebrospinal fluid during suppressive antiretroviral therapy; (c) the influence of sex on pathogenesis, including in novel neuropsychiatric biotypes identified by machine learning and ...
Source: Topics in antiviral medicine - September 13, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Albert M Anderson Beau M Ances Scott L Letendre Source Type: research
CROI 2023: Summary of Basic Science Research in HIV
Top Antivir Med. 2023 Jun 30;31(4):523-528.ABSTRACTThe 2023 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) represented the first fully in-person conference since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic began. CROI continues as the premier conference in which delegates can appraise themselves of almost every facet of HIV/AIDS research as well as emerging and re-emerging pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2 and mpox. The return to an in-person format is particularly important for early-stage investigators, who were faced with challenges of advancing their independent research careers...
Source: Topics in antiviral medicine - September 13, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Mario Stevenson Source Type: research
CROI 2023: Metabolic and Other Complications of HIV Infection
Top Antivir Med. 2023 Jun 30;31(4):538-542.ABSTRACTComorbid conditions have major impacts on the health, quality of life, and survival of people with HIV, particularly as they age. The 2023 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) featured excellent science related to specific comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and obesity. Studies investigating factors that may contribute to CVD, such as mental health disorders, antiretroviral therapies, and activation of hormonal pathways, were featured prominently. Other studies sought to understand the epidemiology of non-AIDS-defining ca...
Source: Topics in antiviral medicine - September 13, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sudipa Sarkar Todd T Brown Source Type: research
