Can we see living structure in a cell?
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 2014;43:1-53; discussion 53-73.ABSTRACTColloid chemistry (κολλα: glue, or gelatin) was introduced in 1861 after the discovery of protoplasm, which exhibits gelatin-like properties. Some 80 years later, colloid chemistry (and with it, the concept of protoplasm) was largely abandoned. The membrane (pump) theory, according to which cell water and cell solute like K+ are free as in a dilute KC1 solution, became dominant. Later studies revealed that rejecting the protoplasmic approach to cell physiology was not justified. Evidence against the membrane (pump) theory, on the other hand, has stood t...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - April 10, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Gilbert N Ling Source Type: research

The physical state of potassium in frog skeletal muscle studied by ion-sensitive microelectrodes and by electron microscopy: interpretation of seemingly incompatible results
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 2014;43:75-92; discussion 92-3.ABSTRACTAccording to the commonly accepted membrane pump theory most of cellular K+ ions are freely dissolved in free cellular water; the alternative association-induction hypothesis postulates that the bulk of cellular K+ is adsorbed (weakly bound) to cellular proteins that are maintained in a specific labile state in the cytoplasm of a living cell. K+ activities measured with ion-sensitive microelectrodes in the cytoplasm of frog skeletal muscle seem to confirm the claim that most of cellular K+ ions are free in cellular water. On the other hand, it is evident fro...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - April 10, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: L Edelmann Source Type: research

Can we see living structure in a cell?
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 2014;43:1-53; discussion 53-73.ABSTRACTColloid chemistry (κολλα: glue, or gelatin) was introduced in 1861 after the discovery of protoplasm, which exhibits gelatin-like properties. Some 80 years later, colloid chemistry (and with it, the concept of protoplasm) was largely abandoned. The membrane (pump) theory, according to which cell water and cell solute like K+ are free as in a dilute KC1 solution, became dominant. Later studies revealed that rejecting the protoplasmic approach to cell physiology was not justified. Evidence against the membrane (pump) theory, on the other hand, has stood t...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - April 10, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Gilbert N Ling Source Type: research

The physical state of potassium in frog skeletal muscle studied by ion-sensitive microelectrodes and by electron microscopy: interpretation of seemingly incompatible results
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 2014;43:75-92; discussion 92-3.ABSTRACTAccording to the commonly accepted membrane pump theory most of cellular K+ ions are freely dissolved in free cellular water; the alternative association-induction hypothesis postulates that the bulk of cellular K+ is adsorbed (weakly bound) to cellular proteins that are maintained in a specific labile state in the cytoplasm of a living cell. K+ activities measured with ion-sensitive microelectrodes in the cytoplasm of frog skeletal muscle seem to confirm the claim that most of cellular K+ ions are free in cellular water. On the other hand, it is evident fro...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - April 10, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: L Edelmann Source Type: research

Can we see living structure in a cell?
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 2014;43:1-53; discussion 53-73.ABSTRACTColloid chemistry (κολλα: glue, or gelatin) was introduced in 1861 after the discovery of protoplasm, which exhibits gelatin-like properties. Some 80 years later, colloid chemistry (and with it, the concept of protoplasm) was largely abandoned. The membrane (pump) theory, according to which cell water and cell solute like K+ are free as in a dilute KC1 solution, became dominant. Later studies revealed that rejecting the protoplasmic approach to cell physiology was not justified. Evidence against the membrane (pump) theory, on the other hand, has stood t...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - April 10, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Gilbert N Ling Source Type: research

The physical state of potassium in frog skeletal muscle studied by ion-sensitive microelectrodes and by electron microscopy: interpretation of seemingly incompatible results
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 2014;43:75-92; discussion 92-3.ABSTRACTAccording to the commonly accepted membrane pump theory most of cellular K+ ions are freely dissolved in free cellular water; the alternative association-induction hypothesis postulates that the bulk of cellular K+ is adsorbed (weakly bound) to cellular proteins that are maintained in a specific labile state in the cytoplasm of a living cell. K+ activities measured with ion-sensitive microelectrodes in the cytoplasm of frog skeletal muscle seem to confirm the claim that most of cellular K+ ions are free in cellular water. On the other hand, it is evident fro...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - April 10, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: L Edelmann Source Type: research

Can we see living structure in a cell?
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 2014;43:1-53; discussion 53-73.ABSTRACTColloid chemistry (κολλα: glue, or gelatin) was introduced in 1861 after the discovery of protoplasm, which exhibits gelatin-like properties. Some 80 years later, colloid chemistry (and with it, the concept of protoplasm) was largely abandoned. The membrane (pump) theory, according to which cell water and cell solute like K+ are free as in a dilute KC1 solution, became dominant. Later studies revealed that rejecting the protoplasmic approach to cell physiology was not justified. Evidence against the membrane (pump) theory, on the other hand, has stood t...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - April 10, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Gilbert N Ling Source Type: research

The physical state of potassium in frog skeletal muscle studied by ion-sensitive microelectrodes and by electron microscopy: interpretation of seemingly incompatible results
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 2014;43:75-92; discussion 92-3.ABSTRACTAccording to the commonly accepted membrane pump theory most of cellular K+ ions are freely dissolved in free cellular water; the alternative association-induction hypothesis postulates that the bulk of cellular K+ is adsorbed (weakly bound) to cellular proteins that are maintained in a specific labile state in the cytoplasm of a living cell. K+ activities measured with ion-sensitive microelectrodes in the cytoplasm of frog skeletal muscle seem to confirm the claim that most of cellular K+ ions are free in cellular water. On the other hand, it is evident fro...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - April 10, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: L Edelmann Source Type: research

Can we see living structure in a cell?
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 2014;43:1-53; discussion 53-73.ABSTRACTColloid chemistry (κολλα: glue, or gelatin) was introduced in 1861 after the discovery of protoplasm, which exhibits gelatin-like properties. Some 80 years later, colloid chemistry (and with it, the concept of protoplasm) was largely abandoned. The membrane (pump) theory, according to which cell water and cell solute like K+ are free as in a dilute KC1 solution, became dominant. Later studies revealed that rejecting the protoplasmic approach to cell physiology was not justified. Evidence against the membrane (pump) theory, on the other hand, has stood t...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - April 10, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Gilbert N Ling Source Type: research

The physical state of potassium in frog skeletal muscle studied by ion-sensitive microelectrodes and by electron microscopy: interpretation of seemingly incompatible results
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 2014;43:75-92; discussion 92-3.ABSTRACTAccording to the commonly accepted membrane pump theory most of cellular K+ ions are freely dissolved in free cellular water; the alternative association-induction hypothesis postulates that the bulk of cellular K+ is adsorbed (weakly bound) to cellular proteins that are maintained in a specific labile state in the cytoplasm of a living cell. K+ activities measured with ion-sensitive microelectrodes in the cytoplasm of frog skeletal muscle seem to confirm the claim that most of cellular K+ ions are free in cellular water. On the other hand, it is evident fro...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - April 10, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: L Edelmann Source Type: research

Can we see living structure in a cell?
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 2014;43:1-53; discussion 53-73.ABSTRACTColloid chemistry (κολλα: glue, or gelatin) was introduced in 1861 after the discovery of protoplasm, which exhibits gelatin-like properties. Some 80 years later, colloid chemistry (and with it, the concept of protoplasm) was largely abandoned. The membrane (pump) theory, according to which cell water and cell solute like K+ are free as in a dilute KC1 solution, became dominant. Later studies revealed that rejecting the protoplasmic approach to cell physiology was not justified. Evidence against the membrane (pump) theory, on the other hand, has stood t...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - April 10, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Gilbert N Ling Source Type: research

The physical state of potassium in frog skeletal muscle studied by ion-sensitive microelectrodes and by electron microscopy: interpretation of seemingly incompatible results
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 2014;43:75-92; discussion 92-3.ABSTRACTAccording to the commonly accepted membrane pump theory most of cellular K+ ions are freely dissolved in free cellular water; the alternative association-induction hypothesis postulates that the bulk of cellular K+ is adsorbed (weakly bound) to cellular proteins that are maintained in a specific labile state in the cytoplasm of a living cell. K+ activities measured with ion-sensitive microelectrodes in the cytoplasm of frog skeletal muscle seem to confirm the claim that most of cellular K+ ions are free in cellular water. On the other hand, it is evident fro...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - April 10, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: L Edelmann Source Type: research

Can we see living structure in a cell?
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 2014;43:1-53; discussion 53-73.ABSTRACTColloid chemistry (κολλα: glue, or gelatin) was introduced in 1861 after the discovery of protoplasm, which exhibits gelatin-like properties. Some 80 years later, colloid chemistry (and with it, the concept of protoplasm) was largely abandoned. The membrane (pump) theory, according to which cell water and cell solute like K+ are free as in a dilute KC1 solution, became dominant. Later studies revealed that rejecting the protoplasmic approach to cell physiology was not justified. Evidence against the membrane (pump) theory, on the other hand, has stood t...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - April 10, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Gilbert N Ling Source Type: research

The physical state of potassium in frog skeletal muscle studied by ion-sensitive microelectrodes and by electron microscopy: interpretation of seemingly incompatible results
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 2014;43:75-92; discussion 92-3.ABSTRACTAccording to the commonly accepted membrane pump theory most of cellular K+ ions are freely dissolved in free cellular water; the alternative association-induction hypothesis postulates that the bulk of cellular K+ is adsorbed (weakly bound) to cellular proteins that are maintained in a specific labile state in the cytoplasm of a living cell. K+ activities measured with ion-sensitive microelectrodes in the cytoplasm of frog skeletal muscle seem to confirm the claim that most of cellular K+ ions are free in cellular water. On the other hand, it is evident fro...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - April 10, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: L Edelmann Source Type: research

Can we see living structure in a cell?
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 2014;43:1-53; discussion 53-73.ABSTRACTColloid chemistry (κολλα: glue, or gelatin) was introduced in 1861 after the discovery of protoplasm, which exhibits gelatin-like properties. Some 80 years later, colloid chemistry (and with it, the concept of protoplasm) was largely abandoned. The membrane (pump) theory, according to which cell water and cell solute like K+ are free as in a dilute KC1 solution, became dominant. Later studies revealed that rejecting the protoplasmic approach to cell physiology was not justified. Evidence against the membrane (pump) theory, on the other hand, has stood t...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - April 10, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Gilbert N Ling Source Type: research