When small effect sizes become huge: Synaesthesia is linked to very large differences in cognition
Perception. 2023 Dec 6:3010066231218911. doi: 10.1177/03010066231218911. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe replication crisis has taught us to expect small-to-medium effects in psychological research. But this is based on effect sizes calculated over single variables. Mahalanobis D, the multivariate equivalent of Cohen's d, can enable very large group differences to emerge from a collection of small-to-medium effects (here, reanalysing multivariate datasets from synaesthetes and controls). The use of multivariate effect sizes is not a slight of hand but may instead be a truer reflection of the degree of psychological diffe...
Source: Perception - December 6, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jamie Ward Source Type: research
When small effect sizes become huge: Synaesthesia is linked to very large differences in cognition
Perception. 2023 Dec 6:3010066231218911. doi: 10.1177/03010066231218911. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe replication crisis has taught us to expect small-to-medium effects in psychological research. But this is based on effect sizes calculated over single variables. Mahalanobis D, the multivariate equivalent of Cohen's d, can enable very large group differences to emerge from a collection of small-to-medium effects (here, reanalysing multivariate datasets from synaesthetes and controls). The use of multivariate effect sizes is not a slight of hand but may instead be a truer reflection of the degree of psychological diffe...
Source: Perception - December 6, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jamie Ward Source Type: research
When small effect sizes become huge: Synaesthesia is linked to very large differences in cognition
Perception. 2023 Dec 6:3010066231218911. doi: 10.1177/03010066231218911. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe replication crisis has taught us to expect small-to-medium effects in psychological research. But this is based on effect sizes calculated over single variables. Mahalanobis D, the multivariate equivalent of Cohen's d, can enable very large group differences to emerge from a collection of small-to-medium effects (here, reanalysing multivariate datasets from synaesthetes and controls). The use of multivariate effect sizes is not a slight of hand but may instead be a truer reflection of the degree of psychological diffe...
Source: Perception - December 6, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jamie Ward Source Type: research
When small effect sizes become huge: Synaesthesia is linked to very large differences in cognition
Perception. 2023 Dec 6:3010066231218911. doi: 10.1177/03010066231218911. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe replication crisis has taught us to expect small-to-medium effects in psychological research. But this is based on effect sizes calculated over single variables. Mahalanobis D, the multivariate equivalent of Cohen's d, can enable very large group differences to emerge from a collection of small-to-medium effects (here, reanalysing multivariate datasets from synaesthetes and controls). The use of multivariate effect sizes is not a slight of hand but may instead be a truer reflection of the degree of psychological diffe...
Source: Perception - December 6, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jamie Ward Source Type: research
When small effect sizes become huge: Synaesthesia is linked to very large differences in cognition
Perception. 2023 Dec 6:3010066231218911. doi: 10.1177/03010066231218911. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe replication crisis has taught us to expect small-to-medium effects in psychological research. But this is based on effect sizes calculated over single variables. Mahalanobis D, the multivariate equivalent of Cohen's d, can enable very large group differences to emerge from a collection of small-to-medium effects (here, reanalysing multivariate datasets from synaesthetes and controls). The use of multivariate effect sizes is not a slight of hand but may instead be a truer reflection of the degree of psychological diffe...
Source: Perception - December 6, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jamie Ward Source Type: research
When small effect sizes become huge: Synaesthesia is linked to very large differences in cognition
Perception. 2023 Dec 6:3010066231218911. doi: 10.1177/03010066231218911. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe replication crisis has taught us to expect small-to-medium effects in psychological research. But this is based on effect sizes calculated over single variables. Mahalanobis D, the multivariate equivalent of Cohen's d, can enable very large group differences to emerge from a collection of small-to-medium effects (here, reanalysing multivariate datasets from synaesthetes and controls). The use of multivariate effect sizes is not a slight of hand but may instead be a truer reflection of the degree of psychological diffe...
Source: Perception - December 6, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jamie Ward Source Type: research
Using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to selectively modulate the face inversion effect and N170 event-related potentials
We report a large study (n = 72) using combined transcranial direct current stimulation-electroencephalography (tDCS-EEG) to investigate the modulation of perceptual learning indexed by the face inversion effect. Participants were engaged with an old/new recognition task involving intermixed upright and inverted, normal and Thatcherized faces. The accuracy results showed anodal tDCS delivered at the Fp3 scalp area (cathode/reference electrode placed at Fp2) increased the behavioural inversion effect for normal faces versus sham/control and this covaried with a modulation of the N170 event-related potential component. A red...
Source: Perception - November 29, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ciro Civile Emika Waguri I P L McLaren Source Type: research
Using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to selectively modulate the face inversion effect and N170 event-related potentials
We report a large study (n = 72) using combined transcranial direct current stimulation-electroencephalography (tDCS-EEG) to investigate the modulation of perceptual learning indexed by the face inversion effect. Participants were engaged with an old/new recognition task involving intermixed upright and inverted, normal and Thatcherized faces. The accuracy results showed anodal tDCS delivered at the Fp3 scalp area (cathode/reference electrode placed at Fp2) increased the behavioural inversion effect for normal faces versus sham/control and this covaried with a modulation of the N170 event-related potential component. A red...
Source: Perception - November 29, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ciro Civile Emika Waguri I P L McLaren Source Type: research
Using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to selectively modulate the face inversion effect and N170 event-related potentials
We report a large study (n = 72) using combined transcranial direct current stimulation-electroencephalography (tDCS-EEG) to investigate the modulation of perceptual learning indexed by the face inversion effect. Participants were engaged with an old/new recognition task involving intermixed upright and inverted, normal and Thatcherized faces. The accuracy results showed anodal tDCS delivered at the Fp3 scalp area (cathode/reference electrode placed at Fp2) increased the behavioural inversion effect for normal faces versus sham/control and this covaried with a modulation of the N170 event-related potential component. A red...
Source: Perception - November 29, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ciro Civile Emika Waguri I P L McLaren Source Type: research
Using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to selectively modulate the face inversion effect and N170 event-related potentials
We report a large study (n = 72) using combined transcranial direct current stimulation-electroencephalography (tDCS-EEG) to investigate the modulation of perceptual learning indexed by the face inversion effect. Participants were engaged with an old/new recognition task involving intermixed upright and inverted, normal and Thatcherized faces. The accuracy results showed anodal tDCS delivered at the Fp3 scalp area (cathode/reference electrode placed at Fp2) increased the behavioural inversion effect for normal faces versus sham/control and this covaried with a modulation of the N170 event-related potential component. A red...
Source: Perception - November 29, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ciro Civile Emika Waguri I P L McLaren Source Type: research
Using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to selectively modulate the face inversion effect and N170 event-related potentials
We report a large study (n = 72) using combined transcranial direct current stimulation-electroencephalography (tDCS-EEG) to investigate the modulation of perceptual learning indexed by the face inversion effect. Participants were engaged with an old/new recognition task involving intermixed upright and inverted, normal and Thatcherized faces. The accuracy results showed anodal tDCS delivered at the Fp3 scalp area (cathode/reference electrode placed at Fp2) increased the behavioural inversion effect for normal faces versus sham/control and this covaried with a modulation of the N170 event-related potential component. A red...
Source: Perception - November 29, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ciro Civile Emika Waguri I P L McLaren Source Type: research
Using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to selectively modulate the face inversion effect and N170 event-related potentials
We report a large study (n = 72) using combined transcranial direct current stimulation-electroencephalography (tDCS-EEG) to investigate the modulation of perceptual learning indexed by the face inversion effect. Participants were engaged with an old/new recognition task involving intermixed upright and inverted, normal and Thatcherized faces. The accuracy results showed anodal tDCS delivered at the Fp3 scalp area (cathode/reference electrode placed at Fp2) increased the behavioural inversion effect for normal faces versus sham/control and this covaried with a modulation of the N170 event-related potential component. A red...
Source: Perception - November 29, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ciro Civile Emika Waguri I P L McLaren Source Type: research
Using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to selectively modulate the face inversion effect and N170 event-related potentials
We report a large study (n = 72) using combined transcranial direct current stimulation-electroencephalography (tDCS-EEG) to investigate the modulation of perceptual learning indexed by the face inversion effect. Participants were engaged with an old/new recognition task involving intermixed upright and inverted, normal and Thatcherized faces. The accuracy results showed anodal tDCS delivered at the Fp3 scalp area (cathode/reference electrode placed at Fp2) increased the behavioural inversion effect for normal faces versus sham/control and this covaried with a modulation of the N170 event-related potential component. A red...
Source: Perception - November 29, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ciro Civile Emika Waguri I P L McLaren Source Type: research
Differences in the perception of direct gaze between the externally and internally rotated eye
We examined the width and center of the area of direct gaze by presenting the observers with either the externally or internally rotated eye, or both eyes with the task to judge whether a computer avatar is looking at them. Two experiments yield evidence for a wider area of direct gaze for the externally rotated eye (around 6°) than for the internally rotated eye (around 4°). The area of direct gaze for both eyes was found to be the same as for the internally rotated eye, but smaller than for the externally rotated eye. When both eyes were present, our results indicate that the perception of direct gaze is more likely to...
Source: Perception - November 15, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Linda Linke Gernot Horstmann Source Type: research
Differences in the perception of direct gaze between the externally and internally rotated eye
We examined the width and center of the area of direct gaze by presenting the observers with either the externally or internally rotated eye, or both eyes with the task to judge whether a computer avatar is looking at them. Two experiments yield evidence for a wider area of direct gaze for the externally rotated eye (around 6°) than for the internally rotated eye (around 4°). The area of direct gaze for both eyes was found to be the same as for the internally rotated eye, but smaller than for the externally rotated eye. When both eyes were present, our results indicate that the perception of direct gaze is more likely to...
Source: Perception - November 15, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Linda Linke Gernot Horstmann Source Type: research
