New Horizons for Health Care Analysis
(Source: Health Care Analysis)
Source: Health Care Analysis - October 10, 2018 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Why We Don ’t Need “Unmet Needs”! On the Concepts of Unmet Need and Severity in Health-Care Priority Setting
AbstractIn health care priority setting different criteria are used to reflect the relevant values that should guide decision-making. During recent years there has been a development of value frameworks implying the use of multiple criteria, a development that has not been accompanied by a structured conceptual and normative analysis of how different criteria relate to each other and to underlying normative considerations. Examples of such criteria areunmet need andseverity. In this article these crucial criteria are conceptually clarified and analyzed in relation to each other. We argue that disease-severity and condition...
Source: Health Care Analysis - September 3, 2018 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Cosmetic Surgery: Regulatory Challenges in a Global Beauty Market
Abstract
The market for cosmetic surgery tourism is growing with an increase in people travelling abroad for cosmetic surgery. While the reasons for seeking cosmetic surgery abroad may vary the most common reason is financial, but does cheaper surgery abroad carry greater risks? We explore the risks of poorly regulated cosmetic surgery to society generally before discussing how harm might be magnified in the context of cosmetic tourism, where the demand for cheaper surgery drives the market and makes surgery accessible for increasing numbers of people. This contributes to the normalisation of surgical enhancement, creat...
Source: Health Care Analysis - September 1, 2018 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
The Demands of Beauty: Editors ’ Introduction
This article introduces a Special Issue comprising four papers emerging from the Beauty Demands Network project, and maps key issues in the beauty debate. The introduction first discusses the purpose of the Network; to consider the changing demands of beauty across disciplines and beyond academia. It then summarises the findings of the Network workshops, emphasising the complex place of notions of normality, and the different meanings and functions attached to ‘normal’ in the beauty context. Concerns are raised here about the use of normal to justify and motivate engaging in beauty practices such as cosmetic surgery an...
Source: Health Care Analysis - September 1, 2018 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
The Athletic Body
AbstractThis paper seeks to explore the attraction and the beauty of the contemporary athletic body. It will be suggested that a body shaped through muscular bulk and definition has come to be seen as aesthetically normative. This body differs from the body of athletes from the early and mid-twentieth century. It will be argued that the contemporary body is not merely the result of advances in sports science, but rather that it is expressive of certain meanings and values. The visual similarity of the contemporary athletic body and that of the comic book superhero suggests that both bodies carry a similar potential for nar...
Source: Health Care Analysis - September 1, 2018 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Should We Genetically Select for the Beauty Norm of Fair Skin?
AbstractFair skin is often regarded as a beauty ideal in many parts of the world. Genetic selection for non-disease traits may allow reproducers to select fair skin for the purposes of beauty, and may be justified under various procreative principles. In this paper I assess the ethics of genetic selection for fair skin as a beauty feature. In particular, I explore the discriminatory aspects and demands of such selection. Using race and colour hierarchies that many would find objectionable, I argue that selection for beauty that is underpinned by such hierarchies is not a trivial selection. Given this, I claim that we shoul...
Source: Health Care Analysis - September 1, 2018 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Altered Images: Understanding the Influence of Unrealistic Images and Beauty Aspirations
AbstractIn this paper we consider the impact of digitally altered images on individuals ’ body satisfaction and beauty aspirations. Drawing on current psychological literature we consider interventions designed to increase knowledge about the ubiquity and unreality of digital images and, in the form of labelling, provide information to the consumer. Such interventions are intended to address the negative consequences of unrealistic beauty ideals. However, contrary to expectations, such initiatives may not be effective, especially in the long-term, and may even be counter-productive. We seek to understand this phenomenon ...
Source: Health Care Analysis - September 1, 2018 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
The Demands of Beauty: Editors ’ Introduction
This article introduces a Special Issue comprising four papers emerging from the Beauty Demands Network project, and maps key issues in the beauty debate. The introduction first discusses the purpose of the Network; to consider the changing demands of beauty across disciplines and beyond academia. It then summarises the findings of the Network workshops, emphasising the complex place of notions of normality, and the different meanings and functions attached to ‘normal’ in the beauty context. Concerns are raised here about the use of normal to justify and motivate engaging in beauty practices such as cosmetic surgery an...
Source: Health Care Analysis - July 9, 2018 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Between the Reasonable and the Particular: Deflating Autonomy in the Legal Regulation of Informed Consent to Medical Treatment
AbstractThe law of informed consent to medical treatment has recently been extensively overhauled in England. The 2015Montgomery judgment has done away with the long-held position that the information to be disclosed by doctors when obtaining valid consent from patients should be determined on the basis of what a reasonable body of medical opinion agree ought to be disclosed in the circumstances. The UK Supreme Court concluded that the information that is material to a patient ’s decision should instead be judged by reference to a new two-limbed test founded on the notions of the ‘reasonable person’ and the ‘partic...
Source: Health Care Analysis - June 30, 2018 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Pain as the Perception of Someone: An Analysis of the Interface Between Pain Medicine and Philosophy
AbstractBased largely on the so-called problem of “asymmetry in concept application”, philosopher Murat Aydede has argued for a non-perceptual view of pain. Aydede is of course not denying basic neurobiological facts about neurons, action potentials, and the like, but he nonetheless makes a strong philosophical case for pain not being the perce ption of something extramental. In the present paper, after having stated some of the presuppositions I hold as a physician and pain researcher, and after having shortly described Aydede’s critique of perceptual theories of pain, I make a constructive proposal centred around t...
Source: Health Care Analysis - June 23, 2018 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Valuing Healthcare Improvement: Implicit Norms, Explicit Normativity, and Human Agency
AbstractI argue that greater attention to human agency and normativity in both researching and practicing service improvement may be one strategy for enhancing improvement science, illustrating with examples from cancer screening. Improvement science tends to deliberately avoid explicit normativity, for paradigmatically coherent reasons. But there are good reasons to consider including explicit normativity in thinking about improvement. Values and moral judgements are central to social life, so an adequate account of social life must include these elements. And improvement itself is unavoidably normative: it assumes that t...
Source: Health Care Analysis - June 1, 2018 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Scientism in Medical Education and the Improvement of Medical Care: Opioids, Competencies, and Social Accountability
AbstractScientism in medical education distracts educators from focusing on the content of learning; it focuses attention instead on individual achievement and validity in its measurement. I analyze the specific form that scientism takes in medicine and in medical education. The competencies movement attempts to challenge old “scientistic” views of the role of physicians, but in the end it has invited medical educators to focus on validity in the measurement of individual performance for attitudes and skills that medicine resists conceptualizing as objective. Academic medicine should focus its efforts instead on qual i...
Source: Health Care Analysis - June 1, 2018 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
