Hypothermic Machine Perfusion of Extended Donor Criteria Renal Allografts Before Kidney Transplantation: a Systematic Review
AbstractPurpose of reviewDue to the growing need for organs to be transplanted, methods for expanding organ utilization must be explored. While effective in cost and outcomes for optimal donor organs, traditional static cold storage (SCS) is less suitable for use in marginal organ transplants, where hypothermic machine perfusion has several attractive advantages. This systematic review aims to summarize the literature regarding outcomes for transplanting extended criteria donor kidneys preserved by machine perfusion.Recent findingsA systematic literature search of PubMed and the ClinicalTrials.gov registry was performed. e...
Source: Current Transplantation Reports - January 24, 2023 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research
Cognitive Dysfunction in Liver Disease and Its Implications for Transplant Candidates
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIrreversible cognitive impairment is a contraindication to liver transplantation, but growing evidence suggests many etiologies of liver disease have cognitive manifestations independent of hepatic encephalopathy and with variable reversibilities.Recent FindingsWhile cognitive sequelae of chronic alcohol use have long been recognized, cognitive dysfunction associated with other liver disease etiologies such as chronic hepatitis C infection, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and primary biliary cirrhosis has been recognized. While mechanisms vary and are incompletely understood, inflammation appear...
Source: Current Transplantation Reports - January 21, 2023 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research
Utilizing Social Media to Identify Potential Living Donors: Learning from US Living Donor Programs
AbstractPurpose of ReviewLiving donor transplantation provides the best possible recipient outcomes in solid organ transplantation. Yet, identifying potential living donors can be a laborious and resource intensive task that heavily relies on the recipient ’s means and social network. Social media has evolved to become a key tool in helping to bring recipients and potential living donors together given its ease of utilization, widespread access, and improved recipient’s comfort with public solicitation. However, in the USA, formal guidelines to di rect the use of social media in this context are lacking.Recent Findings...
Source: Current Transplantation Reports - November 22, 2022 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research
Acute Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis in the COVID-19 Pandemic — a Structured Review
In this study, we reviewed the literature on (acute) alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodologyPubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and the pre-print servers medRxiv and bioRxiv were searched to retrieve 320 articles of which 15 abstracts, 7 full-text articles, 4 letters, 1 case report, and 1 poster were included for the final structured review.Recent FindingsThe pandemic resulted in an increase in healthcare utilization related to alcohol consumption. Admissions related to AH increased by 50% (range: 11 –100%) during this time, which was disproportionally high in wom...
Source: Current Transplantation Reports - November 21, 2022 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research
Right vs Left Hepatectomy for LDLT, Safety and Regional Preference
AbstractPurposeof ReviewWe aim to gather up-to-date information on living liver donation trends, perspective and future directions, with a particular focus on donor safety and regional preference based on type of donor hepatectomy.Recent FindingsOutcomes after donor hepatectomy have improved. Reported literature favors that there is no difference in complication rate based on hepatectomy side. Differences on living liver donation trends with a regional discrepancy are evident. Data shows that LDLT accounts for up to 90% of LT in Eastern countries, while it only accounts for < 10% in Western countries. Future direc...
Source: Current Transplantation Reports - November 12, 2022 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research
Immunocompromised Patients with Protracted COVID-19: a Review of “Long Persisters”
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCertain immunocompromised individuals are at risk for protracted COVID-19, in which SARS-CoV-2 leads to a chronic viral infection. However, the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of this phenomenon remain ill-defined.Recent FindingsHerein, we review key aspects of protracted SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised individuals, or the so-called long persisters, and describe the clinical presentation, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment modalities of this condition, as well as intra-host viral evolution. Based on the available data, we also propose a framework of criteria with which to appr...
Source: Current Transplantation Reports - November 12, 2022 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research
Translating Organoids into Artificial Kidneys
This report focuses on kidney organoid studies, advancements and limitations, and future directions for improvements towards transplantation. (Source: Current Transplantation Reports)
Source: Current Transplantation Reports - October 25, 2022 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research
The New Distance-Based Kidney Allocation System: Implications for Patients, Transplant Centers, and Organ Procurement Organizations
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe goal of deceased donor kidney allocation policy is to provide objective prioritization for donated kidneys, and policy has undergone a series of revisions in the past decade in attempt to achieve equity and utility in access to kidney transplantation. Most recently, to address geographic disparities in access to kidney transplantation, the Kidney Allocation System changed to a distance-based allocation system —colloquially termed “KAS 250”—moving away from donor service areas as the geographic basis of allocation. We review the early impact of this policy change on access to transplant ...
Source: Current Transplantation Reports - October 13, 2022 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research
Managing the Costs of Routine Follow-up Care After Living Kidney Donation: a Review and Survey of Contemporary Experience, Practices, and Challenges
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWhile living organ donor follow-up is mandated for 2 years in the USA, formal guidance on recovering associated costs of follow-up care is lacking. In this review, we discuss current billing practices of transplant programs for living kidney donor follow-up, and propose future directions for managing follow-up costs and supporting cost neutrality in donor care.Recent FindingsLiving donors may incur costs and financial risks in the donation process, including travel, lost time from work, and dependent care. In addition, adherence to the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) mandat...
Source: Current Transplantation Reports - September 22, 2022 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research
Microfluidic Technology for Evaluating and Preserving Islet Function for Islet Transplant in Type 1 Diabetes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewOver the years, microfluidics has become a mature technology, providing as an excellent platform for islet study. This review covers recent advances and developments of microfluidic systems for evaluating and preserving islet function for cell-based therapy in type 1 diabetes (T1D), as well as selected articles published over the past 3 years.Recent FindingsNovel microfluidic devices integrated with advanced imaging and biosensor technologies allow live-cell monitoring of multiple metabolic components, which are highly involved in islet function but previously directly undetectable in classic pro...
Source: Current Transplantation Reports - September 20, 2022 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research
Xenotransplantation: The Contribution of CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing Technology
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review will highlight how gene editing technology using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) has revolutionized the xenotransplantation field, leading to the first pig-to-human kidney and heart xenotransplants.Recent FindingsCRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology has significantly accelerated the development of multi-gene modified pigs to address the major immunological and physiological incompatibilities between pigs and humans. These gene edits include the knockout (KO) of the three porcine-specific glycan epitopes responsible...
Source: Current Transplantation Reports - August 30, 2022 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research
Normothermic Machine Perfusion in Renal Transplantation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewNormothermic machine perfusion (NMP) is a promising new tool in kidney transplantation to improve the outcome of marginal donor kidney transplantation. This review examines the current evidence for NMP in clinical practice and considers how the technology may be used in the future.Recent Findings and SummaryThere is emerging evidence to suggest that NMP has the potential to expand the donor pool of transplantable organs. The safety and feasibility of NMP have been established in a number of clinical studies but more research is needed to optimise the perfusion conditions. NMP shows promise as a via...
Source: Current Transplantation Reports - August 27, 2022 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research
Correction to: Where Are We Now With Liver Transplant for Colorectal Metastasis?
(Source: Current Transplantation Reports)
Source: Current Transplantation Reports - August 25, 2022 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research
Expanding Donor Heart Utilization Through Machine Perfusion Technologies
AbstractPurpose of ReviewRecent advances in donor heart preservation have allowed the utilization of hearts that would typically be discarded due to prolonged ischemic times or donation via the circulatory death pathway. This review will discuss recent advances in donor heart preservation including optimization of machine perfusion technologies and future strategies of potential benefit for the donor heart and transplant outcomes.Recent FindingsImprovements in organ preservation strategies have enabled retrieval of donor hearts that were not ideal for static cold storage. Machine perfusion (normothermic and hypothermic) an...
Source: Current Transplantation Reports - August 23, 2022 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research
The Potential of Cell Sheet Technology for Beta Cell Replacement Therapy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewHere, we review the use of cell sheet technology using different cell types and its potential for restoring the extracellular matrix microenvironment, perfusion, and immunomodulatory action on islets and beta cells.Recent FindingsCell sheets can be produced with different fabrication techniques ranging from the widely used temperature responsive system to the magnetic system. A variety of cells have been used to produce cell sheets including skin fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and mesenchymal stem cells.SummaryCST would allow to recreate the ECM of islets ...
Source: Current Transplantation Reports - August 9, 2022 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research
