Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Editing of Endogenous Genes in Cellular Immunotherapies
AbstractPurpose of ReviewT cell-based cellular and antibody immunotherapies have dramatically altered the landscape of cancer treatment over the past decade. Over the same time span, gene editing technologies have enabled unprecedented degrees of genetic control.Recent FindingsKnock-outs of endogenous genes, especially based on electroporation of targetable nucleases such as CRISPR/Cas9, have rapidly proliferated. Simultaneous introduction of large DNA sequences can integrate new synthetic genetic instructions with specific endogenous loci to alter T cell function and specificity. Recently developed discovery technologies ...
Source: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports - May 14, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research
Thrombocytosis and Thrombosis: Is There Really a Correlation?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThrombocytosis is common to all myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), including essential thrombocythemia (ET), polycythemia vera (PV), and myelofibrosis. Despite the traditionally held belief amongst many clinicians that thrombocytosis correlates with thrombosis risk, there is little evidence in the literature to support that claim. Herein we critically analyze the literature to better understand the relationship between thrombocytosis and risk of thrombosis in MPN.Recent FindingsBoth retrospective and prospective studies argue against associations between thrombocytosis and risk of thrombosis in pa...
Source: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports - May 11, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research
PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway and Its Blockade in Patients with Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma and Non-Hodgkin Large-Cell Lymphomas
AbstractPurpose of ReviewProgrammed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) is currently the most extensively studied inhibitory checkpoint molecule. Many malignant neoplasms express the PD-1 ligands, PD-L1, and/or PD-L2, which bind to PD-1 on T cells and induce T cell “exhaustion.” By doing so, the malignant cells escape from an antitumor immune response (immune evasion). Blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway releases T cells from the inhibitory effects exerted by tumor cells and restores a T cell-mediated antitumor immune response. Here, we focus on understandi ng the immune biology of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in large-cell lymphomas...
Source: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports - May 10, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research
Updates in the Diagnosis and Management of AL Amyloidosis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewLight chain (AL) amyloidosis is an insidious progressive disease which results in significant morbidity and inevitable mortality if not diagnosed and treated promptly. This review will highlight recent developments and summarize critical clinical points and updated practice changes for the clinician in 2020.Recent FindingsComparative analyses of staging systems, updated prognostic tools, and treatment response criteria now allow for improved patient stratification and treatment decisions; the role of minimal residual disease in response assessment is still being assessed. Clinical and genetic predi...
Source: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports - May 10, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research
Clinical Applications of Chromosomal Microarray Testing in Myeloid Malignancies
AbstractPurpose of ReviewKnowledge of both somatic mutations and copy number aberrations are important for the understanding of cancer pathogenesis and management of myeloid neoplasms. The currently available standard of care technologies for copy number assessment such as conventional karyotype and FISH are either limited by low resolution or restriction to targeted assessment.Recent FindingsChromosomal microarray (CMA) is effective in characterization of chromosomal and gene aberrations of diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic significance at a higher resolution than conventional karyotyping. These results are compleme...
Source: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports - May 6, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research
Utilizing Real-World Evidence (RWE) to Improve Care in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Challenges and Opportunities
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review discusses important findings from real-world evidence (RWE) studies impacting the field of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), from prognostication to long-term management and sequencing of novel agents.Recent FindingsRWE data, which represents a heterogeneous cohort of patients treated at non-academic centers and off-clinical trial, demonstrate several key differences between findings in randomized controlled trials (RCT) of novel agents in CLL. While toxicity and discontinuation rates are higher, survival outcomes are encouraging in clinical practice, with often equivalent outcomes fr...
Source: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports - May 6, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research
Treatment of Aggressive B Cell Lymphomas: Updates in 2019
AbstractPurpose of ReviewRecent years have seen the development of gene expression profiling and next-generation sequencing in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), leading to a more defined characterization of this disease into distinct subentities. The genomic era has ushered in the possibility of using precision guided therapy, in part based on targeting genes with somatic mutations. Such precision-targeted therapies will ultimately reduce the need for chemotherapy, induce fewer adverse events, and likely enhance the cure rate for these patients. Here, we discuss emerging therapeutic strategies that have been recently ...
Source: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports - May 4, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research
Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Philadelphia Chromosome Negative Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in the Modern Era of Immune Therapy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review will discuss the data and controversies related to HCT in the front-line and relapsed/refractory setting in the context of newly available targeted immunotherapies.Recent FindingsRecent studies in adult Ph-negative ALL support the use of measurable residual disease (MRD) response to front-line therapy to guide consolidation. As such, most MRD-negative patients do not require front-line HCT. Blinatumomab benefits patients with B-ALL with MRD+ complete response (CR) and can be used as a bridge to HCT; whether HCT is still required in this setting is an area of ongoing inquiry. Blinatumoma...
Source: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports - May 1, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research
MLL -Rearranged Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
AbstractPurpose of ReviewRearrangements of the histonelysine [K]-MethylTransferase 2A gene (KMT2A) gene on chromosome 11q23, formerly known as the mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) gene, are found in 10% and 5% of adult and children ALL cases, respectively. The most common translocated genes areAFF1 (formerlyAF4),MLLT3 (formerlyAF9), andMLLT1 (formerlyENL). The bimodal incidence ofMLL-r-ALL usually peaks in infants in their first 2 years of life and then declines thereafter during the pediatric/young adult phase until it increases again with age.MLL-rearranged ALL (MLL-r-ALL) is characterized by hyperleukocytosis, aggressive ...
Source: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports - April 29, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research
Artificial Intelligence in Hematology: Current Challenges and Opportunities
AbstractPurpose of ReviewArtificial intelligence (AI), and in particular its subcategory machine learning, is finding an increasing number of applications in medicine, driven in large part by an abundance of data and powerful, accessible tools that have made AI accessible to a larger circle of investigators.Recent FindingsAI has been employed in the analysis of hematopathological, radiographic, laboratory, genomic, pharmacological, and chemical data to better inform diagnosis, prognosis, treatment planning, and foundational knowledge related to benign and malignant hematology. As more widespread implementation of clinical ...
Source: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports - March 31, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: Current Concepts and Future Prospects
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewMonoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a highly prevalent precursor condition in the general population, with an approximate 1% annual risk of progression to multiple myeloma (MM) or a related disorder. Our understanding of MGUS and its association with myriad clinical disorders, its progression to MM, and the genomic alterations in the setting of a conducive or permissive microenvironment has deepened considerably.Recent FindingsData from gene expression profiling studies have underscored the heterogeneity in the risk of progression of MGUS to MM. Ongoing efforts are bein...
Source: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports - March 27, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research
Decision Analysis of Transplantation for Patients with Myelodysplasia: “Who Should We Transplant Today?”
AbstractPurpose of ReviewMyelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous hematological disorder characterized by a spectrum of clinical presentation, cytogenetic, and somatic gene mutations and the risk of transformation to acute leukemia. Management options include observation, supportive care, blood transfusion, administration of growth factors and/or hypomethylating agents, and hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) either upfront or after disease progression.Recent FindingsCurrently, HCT is the only curative therapy available for patients with MDS, with multiple factors such as donor availability, patient, and disease c...
Source: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports - March 27, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research
Extramedullary Disease in Multiple Myeloma
AbstractPurpose of ReviewExtramedullary disease (EMD) is a rare but recognized manifestation of multiple myeloma (MM), characterized by involvement of several organs including skin, liver, lymphatic system, pleura, and central nervous system. The incidence is about 3 –5% in newly diagnosed MM patients, but has been reported in up to 20% patients in the relapsed MM setting.Recent FindingsPresence of EMD has been associated with more aggressive phenotype of MM, elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme, and high-risk cytogenetics [deletion 17p, translocation (4;14), translocation (14;16)]. There are several hypothe...
Source: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports - March 19, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research
Supportive Care in Multiple Myeloma
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAs novel therapies are expanding the life expectancy of patients with multiple myeloma, appropriate supportive care has become critical in the management of these patients. This review aims to outline the key principles of supportive care of patients with myeloma, including management of bone disease, renal disease, anemia, peripheral neuropathy, infections, and venous thromboembolism.Recent FindingsThe results from large randomized, controlled trials on the use of high-cutoff hemodialysis in the removal of free light chains in renal disease and the use of levofloxacin in the prevention of infectio...
Source: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports - March 13, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research
Polatuzumab Vedotin: a New Target for B Cell Malignancies
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAntibody-drug conjugates are a new class of therapeutic agents in the treatment of B cell malignancies. In this review, we summarize the recent developments of polatuzumab vedotin in the treatment of relapsed or refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL).Recent FindingsPolatuzumab vedotin recently received its first FDA approval in combination with bendamustine and rituximab for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory DLBCL. Polatuzumab vedotin has been evaluated and is being studied in combinations with chemoimmunotherapy, immunomodulating agents, b...
Source: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports - March 13, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research
