Adolescents ’ Prosocial Behaviors Through a Multidimensional and Multicultural Lens
AbstractThe study of prosocial behaviors —actions that benefit others—continues to evolve in sophisticated ways. Such actions are important for understanding moral development, as well as health and behavioral well‐being, and have implications for addressing societal and global challenges (e.g., hate crimes, cooperation, peace). In t his article, we briefly summarize research on prosocial behaviors during adolescence, a period of age‐related changes in these actions that is considered important in the development of moral identity. We review work that conceptualizes these behaviors as global and unidimensional, and...
Source: Child Development Perspectives - November 9, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Gustavo Carlo,
Laura Padilla ‐Walker Tags: Article Source Type: research
Disturbed Social Information Processing as a Mechanism in the Development of Social Anxiety Disorder
AbstractSocial anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most common mental disorders and becomes chronic if left untreated. Even when it is treated, outcomes are less promising than for other anxiety disorders. Thus, many are interested in preventing SAD and in the mechanisms involved in the development of SAD. In this article, I propose in a new model that disturbances in social cognition (cognitive biases, emotion recognition and understanding, negative expectations) and dysregulated social emotions (social fear and self ‐conscious emotional arousal) in toddlerhood and early childhood lead to avoidance and high levels of a...
Source: Child Development Perspectives - November 9, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Milica Nikoli ć Tags: Article Source Type: research
Adolescents ’ Prosocial Behaviors Through a Multidimensional and Multicultural Lens
AbstractThe study of prosocial behaviors —actions that benefit others—continues to evolve in sophisticated ways. Such actions are important for understanding moral development, as well as health and behavioral well‐being, and have implications for addressing societal and global challenges (e.g., hate crimes, cooperation, peace). In t his article, we briefly summarize research on prosocial behaviors during adolescence, a period of age‐related changes in these actions that is considered important in the development of moral identity. We review work that conceptualizes these behaviors as global and unidimensional, and...
Source: Child Development Perspectives - October 31, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Gustavo Carlo,
Laura Padilla ‐Walker Tags: Article Source Type: research
Disturbed Social Information Processing as a Mechanism in the Development of Social Anxiety Disorder
AbstractSocial anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most common mental disorders and becomes chronic if left untreated. Even when it is treated, outcomes are less promising than for other anxiety disorders. Thus, many are interested in preventing SAD and in the mechanisms involved in the development of SAD. In this article, I propose in a new model that disturbances in social cognition (cognitive biases, emotion recognition and understanding, negative expectations) and dysregulated social emotions (social fear and self ‐conscious emotional arousal) in toddlerhood and early childhood lead to avoidance and high levels of a...
Source: Child Development Perspectives - October 22, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Milica Nikoli ć Tags: Article Source Type: research
The Puzzle of Spatial Sex Differences: Current Status and Prerequisites to Solutions
AbstractIn this review, I summarize what we know about the development of sex ‐related differences in spatial skills, their potential malleability, and their possible causes. Current evidence suggests that sex differences increase in size with age, at least for skills with assessments suitable for use across development. However, male advantages vary from nonexistent to sub stantial, depending on the skills assessed, task parameters, and culture. Training and practice can improve spatial skills, although interventions tested so far do not eliminate the male advantage (when there is one). The complex pattern of increases ...
Source: Child Development Perspectives - October 22, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Nora S. Newcombe Tags: Article Source Type: research
A Luta Continua1: Next Steps for Racism Research Among Black American Youth
AbstractResearch examining the impact of racism among Black American children and adolescents has exploded in recent years. Given what we have learned about racism among Black American youth, in this article, I provide recommendations for developmental scientists. First, we need to examine other types of racism ‐related stressors, namely internalized racism, vicarious racism, environmental racism, Internet assessments of racism, and racial macro stressors. A recent racial macro stressor that should be studied is Covid‐19, which has had devastating effects on the Black American community. Second, we nee d to examine mid...
Source: Child Development Perspectives - October 20, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Eleanor K. Seaton Tags: Article Source Type: research
Hypotheses for Possible Iatrogenic Impacts of School Bullying Prevention Programs
AbstractCommensurate with the serious risks bullying poses to students ’ mental health, substantial attention has been devoted to evaluating school bullying prevention programs. Research on the effectiveness of these interventions shows mixed outcomes. Recent evidence suggests that even programs that reduce overall bullying may have negative outcomes for victims. Mos t bullying prevention programs incorporate a range of strategies, but we know little about which strategies actively reduce bullying and whether some may have iatrogenic effects. Questions have been raised about programs that involve working with peer bystan...
Source: Child Development Perspectives - October 20, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Karyn L. Healy Tags: Article Source Type: research
Child Development During the COVID ‐19 Pandemic Through a Life Course Theory Lens
AbstractThe COVID ‐19 global pandemic and the resulting economic, health, and educational disruptions have upset all aspects of young people’s lives. The pandemic’s reach will likely continue in the near term and as psychological and academic trajectories unfold over time. In this article, we draw on the centra l tenets of life course theory—intertwined developmental trajectories, linked lives, and stratification systems (Elder, 1998)—to inform understanding of potential adverse effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on children’s and adolescents’ adjustment and well‐being, as well as mechanisms and processes t...
Source: Child Development Perspectives - October 15, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Aprile D. Benner,
Rashmita S. Mistry Tags: Article Source Type: research
Translating Socioeconomic Status Between Nonhuman Primate and Human Studies in Health Research
AbstractEvidence supports the proposition that early childhood adversity has long ‐term health implications. Experimental research on the effectiveness of social policy interventions provides the gold standard of evidence but is difficult to obtain using humans. Animal models may play a role in generating a mechanistic evidence base, but researchers need appropriate models of s ocioeconomic status (SES). In this article, we discuss theoretical considerations for the development of appropriate animal models of SES to study its effect on health and development, emphasizing the literature on nonhuman primates. Focusing on t...
Source: Child Development Perspectives - October 12, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Rosalind B. King,
Annika Paukner Tags: Article Source Type: research
Discovering the Biases Children Bring to Language Learning
AbstractThe linguistic input children receive has a massive and immediate effect on their language acquisition. This fact makes it difficult to discover the biases that children bring to language learning simply because their input is likely to obscure those biases. In this article, I turn to children who lack linguistic input to aid in this discovery: deaf children whose hearing losses prevent their acquisition of spoken language and whose hearing parents have not yet exposed them to sign language. These children lack input from a conventional language model, yet create gestures, calledhomesigns, to communicate with heari...
Source: Child Development Perspectives - September 19, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Susan Goldin ‐Meadow Tags: Article Source Type: research
The Early Ontogeny of Reason Giving
AbstractThe key context within which preschool children learn to justify beliefs with reasons is collaborative problem ‐solving and decision‐making with peers, including in the moral domain, in which they engage with another coequal mind in a cooperative spirit. Evidence for this proposal comes from recent studies in which children demonstrated sensitivity to the common ground assumptions they shared with their peer partners in decision‐making, as well as an ability to provide reasons relevant to their shared understanding. Training studies suggest that discourse with others about reasons for beliefs provides childre...
Source: Child Development Perspectives - September 14, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Bahar K öymen,
Michael Tomasello Tags: Article Source Type: research
Biological Embedding of Chronic Stress Across Two Generations Within Marginalized Communities
We describe psychophysiological ramifications of this early ‐life stress in infants of color. The prenatal programming field has largely ignored the experiences of women of color, and we highlight the need for researchers to include, or focus exclusively on, diverse samples in their research to reduce disparities that are evident at birth. (Source: Child Development Perspectives)
Source: Child Development Perspectives - September 1, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Elisabeth Conradt,
Sierra E. Carter,
Sheila E. Crowell Tags: Article Source Type: research
