Vicinal ketoesters – key intermediates in the total synthesis of natural products
Abstract This review summarizes examples for the application of vicinal ketoesters such as α-ketoesters, mesoxalic esters, and α,β-diketoesters as key intermediates in the total synthesis of natural products utilizing their electrophilic keto group as reactive site. Suitable key reactions are, e.g., aldol additions, carbonyl ene reactions, Mannich reactions, and additions of organometallic reagents. The vicinal arrangement of carbonyl groups allows the stabilization of reactive conformations by chelation or dipole control. Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 1236–1248. doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.129 (Sour...
Source: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry - September 15, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry - Syndicated Feeds Tags: aldol addition ketoesters natural products total synthesis Review Source Type: research

A one-pot electrochemical synthesis of 2-aminothiazoles from active methylene ketones and thioureas mediated by NH4I
Abstract The electrochemical preparation of 2-aminothiazoles has been achieved by the reaction of active methylene ketones with thioureas assisted by ᴅʟ-alanine using NH4I as a redox mediator. The electrochemical protocol proceeds in an undivided cell equipped with graphite plate electrodes under constant current conditions. Various active methylene ketones, including β-keto ester, β-keto amide, β-keto nitrile, β-keto sulfone and 1,3-diketones, can be converted to the corresponding 2-aminothiazoles. Mechanistically, the in situ generated α-iodoketone was proposed to be the key active spe...
Source: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry - September 15, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry - Syndicated Feeds Tags: 2-aminothiazoles electrosynthesis indirect electrolysis halide ion Full Research Paper Source Type: research

Polymer and small molecule mechanochemistry: closer than ever
Abstract The formation and scission of chemical bonds facilitated by mechanical force (mechanochemistry) can be accomplished through various experimental strategies. Among them, ultrasonication of polymeric matrices and ball milling of reaction partners have become the two leading approaches to carry out polymer and small molecule mechanochemistry, respectively. Often, the methodological differences between these practical strategies seem to have created two seemingly distinct lines of thought within the field of mechanochemistry. However, in this Perspective article, the reader will encounter a series of studies in which ...
Source: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry - September 14, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry - Syndicated Feeds Tags: ball milling mechanochemistry mechanophore polymer pulsed ultrasonication Perspective Source Type: research

Dienophilic reactivity of 2-phosphaindolizines: a conceptual DFT investigation
Abstract The >C=P– or –N=P– functionality in 1,3-azaphospholo[1,5-a]pyridine, named as 2-phosphaindolizine and its 1- and 3-aza derivatives act as dienophiles and undergo Diels–Alder reactions with 1,3-dienes. However, the dienophilic reactivity is affected by the nature of the substituent groups on the two sides of the σ2,λ3-P atom and also by the presence of more nitrogen atom(s) in the five-membered ring. The conceptual density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been used in recent years to predict the reactivity of organic molecules in reactions. We calculated global hardness...
Source: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry - September 13, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry - Syndicated Feeds Tags: dienophilic reactivity electronic chemical potential electrophilicity index Fukui function global hardness nucleophilicity index 2-phosphaindolizines Full Research Paper Source Type: research

From amines to (form)amides: a simple and successful mechanochemical approach
Abstract Two easily accessible routes for preparing an array of formylated and acetylated amines under mechanochemical conditions are presented. The two methodologies exhibit complementary features as they enable the derivatization of aliphatic and aromatic amines. Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 1210–1216. doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.126 (Source: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry)
Source: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry - September 12, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry - Syndicated Feeds Tags: acetamides formamides mechanochemistry N-formylation p-tosylimidazole Full Research Paper Source Type: research