Symptomatic and asymptomatic isthmocele: impact on reproductive outcomes

The presence of a cesarean section scar defect, or isthmocele, is defined as the presence of a niche, or a diverticulum, communicating with the endometrial cavity, within the inner contour of the anterior myometrial wall, at the level of a previous cesarean section scar [1]. Its diagnosis is typically underestimated, unless symptoms are present. The most common symptom is post-menstrual spotting (typically dark, odorous discharge after normal menses) caused by difficult outflow [2]. When present, it can cause adverse effects on fertility and pregnancy.
Source: The Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology - Category: OBGYN Authors: Tags: Editorial Source Type: research