Successful left ventricular lead placement by way of an azygos vein for a patient performing cardiac resynchronization therapy implantation with an occluded left subclavian vein: A case report

We describe the case of a patient who underwent a successful upgrading procedure of a pacemaker to a CRT-P in the presence of an occluded left subclavian vein and superior vena cava, using collateral veins that drained into right atrium.

Source: Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE - October 5, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Masanari Asai, Masayoshi Kiyokuni, Uemura Hiroki, Kazuho Ishii, Takumi Tokoro, Hiroyuki Ishikawa, Minako Kagimoto, Shunsuke Kataoka, Syotaro Kuji, Tatsuya Nakachi, Tsutomu Endo, Kiyoshi Hibi Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research