Safe femoral tunnel drilling angles avoid injury to the medial and posteromedial femoral anatomic structures during single-bundle posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with the inside-out technique

ConclusionsWhen creating the IO femoral tunnel for single-bundle PCL reconstruction, angle combinations of 45/45 °, 45/60°, 60/30°, 60/45°, and 60/60° (axial/oblique coronal) could be utilized to prevent at-risk structures from being damaged. The drilling angles and the safe zone can be employed to optimize the femoral tunnel in PCLR.
Source: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy - Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research