Sensors, Vol. 23, Pages 1239: Optimizing Resources and Increasing the Coverage of Internet-of-Things (IoT) Networks: An Approach Based on LoRaWAN

Sensors, Vol. 23, Pages 1239: Optimizing Resources and Increasing the Coverage of Internet-of-Things (IoT) Networks: An Approach Based on LoRaWAN
Sensors doi: 10.3390/s23031239
Authors:
Matheus Araujo Gava
Helder Roberto Oliveira Rocha
Menno Jan Faber
Marcelo Eduardo Vieira Segatto
Heinrich Wörtche
Jair Adriano Lima Silva

A resource optimization methodology is proposed for application in long range wide area networks (LoRaWANs). Using variable neighborhood search (VNS) and a minimum-cost spanning tree algorithm, it reduces the implementation and the maintenance costs of such low power networks. Performance evaluations were conducted in LoRaWANs with LoRa repeaters to increase coverage, in scenario where the number and the location of the repeaters are determined by the VNS metaheuristic. Parameters such as spread factor (SF), bandwidth and transmission power were adjusted to minimize the network’s total energy per useful bit (Ebit) and the total data collection time. The importance of the SF in the trade-off between (Ebit) and time on-air is evaluated, considering a device scaling factor. Simulation results, obtained after model adjustments with experimental data, show that, in networks with few associated devices, there is a preference for small values of SF aiming at reduction of Ebit. The usage of large SF’s becomes relevant when reach extensions are required. The results also demonstrate that, for networks with high number of...

Source: Sensors - January 21, 2023 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Matheus Araujo Gava Helder Roberto Oliveira Rocha Menno Jan Faber Marcelo Eduardo Vieira Segatto Heinrich W örtche Jair Adriano Lima Silva Tags: Article Source Type: research