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Source: Forensic Science International
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Total 39 results found since Jan 2013.
Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of the forensically important family Piophilidae (Diptera) from different European locations
A main application of forensic entomology is to provide evidence for the minimum postmortem interval (PMImin) of a body on the basis of its necrophagous insect fauna [1–3]. The PMImin is estimated by calculating the age of the immature necrophagous insects that develop on the corpse [4]. For this purpose, temperature conditions at the crime scene must be estimated and the species has to be identified. The latter can be hampered by a gap in knowledge about the specific group of insects present and a lack of relevant taxonomic keys, which are necessary to perform the identification.
Source: Forensic Science International - December 28, 2015 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Barbara Karolina Zajac, Daniel Martin-Vega, Nina Feddern, Heike Fremdt, Catharina Prado e Castro, Krzysztof Szpila, Frank Reckel, Svenja Schütt, Marcel A. Verhoff, Jens Amendt, Richard Zehner Source Type: research
Technical Note: “Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA approaches for reliable identification of (Diptera, Calliphoridae) species of forensic interest from Southern Europe”
The critical prerequisite for the accurate practice of forensic entomology is unequivocal identification of collected insects in criminal casework because the most significant application is estimation of the oviposition date, which is linked to the post-mortem interval (PMI) [1,2]. Moreover, each bio-geographical region exhibits a distinctive specific composition, adapted to the environmental conditions and seasonality, with a developmental rate that is characteristic of the species [3–5]. Morphological diagnosis based on external features may be very difficult due to physical similarities, particularly in immature stag...
Source: Forensic Science International - October 21, 2015 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Maite GilArriortua, Marta I. Saloña-Bordas, Laura M. Cainé, Fátima Pinheiro, Marian M. de Pancorbo Tags: Technical Note Source Type: research
A review of necrophagous insects colonising human and animal cadavers in south-east Queensland, Australia
A common legal challenge for forensic entomology relates to the scientific validity of substituting vertebrate remains for human remains in baseline studies [1]. Due to the legal and ethical issues of using human cadavers for research, forensic entomologists have used a variety of vertebrate animals (Table 1) to observe insect succession and generate the baseline data used for post mortem interval estimates in medicolegal cases. Pigs are by far the most internationally accepted human
Source: Forensic Science International - August 7, 2015 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Julianne F. Farrell, Andrew E. Whittington, Myron P. Zalucki Tags: Technical Note Source Type: research
Using Bacterial and Necrophagous Insect Dynamics for Post-Mortem Interval Estimation during Cold Season: Novel Case Study in Romania
Forensic entomology is a widely recognized, location dependent discipline used in many forensic investigations, particularly for the minimum post-mortem interval (PMImin) estimation [1–4]. Insects have served as physical evidence in numerous cases around the world, such as in the United Kingdom [5], United States of America [6], Canada [7], Italy [8] and Brazil [9], both during the early and extended post-mortem period [10]. Yet, in Romania, a country in southeastern Europe comprising approximately 240,000 square kilometers and 20 million inhabitants, forensic entomology is not used as an investigative tool nor do police...
Source: Forensic Science International - July 16, 2015 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Lavinia Iancu, David O. Carter, Emily N. Junkins, Cristina Purcarea Source Type: research
Experimental study of (Diptera Calliphoridae) larval development on rat cadavers: effects of climate and chemical contamination
Forensic entomology estimates the time of death by colonization of the corpse with necrophagous insects. However, cadaver accessibility [1], weather conditions [2,3] and chemical contamination [4,5] affect the insect pre-appearance interval (PAI), i.e., the time elapsed between death and the colonization by necrophagous insects [6]. Marchenko [7] showed that gas, paint or a lubricant disrupted the arrival and the larval development of Calliphorid flies. In a 2009 study, Charabidze et al. [4] demonstrated that household products delayed the appearance of flies on a corpse.
Source: Forensic Science International - June 17, 2015 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Cindy Aubernon, Damien Charabidzé, Cédric Devigne, Yann Delannoy, Didier Gosset Source Type: research
Do necrophagous blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) lay their eggs in wounds? Experimental data and implications for forensic entomology
This study investigate the factors that affect the oviposition sites of Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) (Meigen, 1826), a very common blow fly species of forensic interest. Blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) have an highly developed olfactory system that allows them to detect corpses at a great distance [1–4]. It is frequently reported in forensic entomology manuals that once on the cadaver, blowflies lay their eggs in natural orifices and wounds [5–10]. The presence of other eggs, larvae or adult individuals can also act as an attractive signal to gravid females and can increase the likelihood of ovipositio...
Source: Forensic Science International - May 28, 2015 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Damien Charabidze, Aurore Depeme, Cedric Devigne, Valery Hedouin Source Type: research
Use of DNA Sequences to Identify Forensically Important Fly Species and Their Distribution in the Coastal Region of Central California
Accurate species identification and up-to-date locality information are essential for the effective application of forensic entomology in criminal investigations, and an ever growing body of research has shown molecular data to be one of the fastest and most reliable methods of accomplishing species-level identification [1,2]. Historically, a 304bp sequence of the COI region of mtDNA was used for calliphorid identification [3]; more recent forensic studies have utilized the the 658 ‘barcode’ COI fragment [4–7].
Source: Forensic Science International - May 12, 2015 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Angie Nakano, Jeff Honda Source Type: research
New developmental data for (L., 1761) in Belgium (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
For over a century, flesh flies and blow flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae and Calliphoridae) have been important auxiliaries of forensic entomology, as they help solve cases [1–6]. The accumulated degree-days method (ADD) is one tool used to evaluate minimum Post-mortem Interval (PMI) using these insects. Although this method has been used in various contexts [7–11], Marchenko [12] was the first to estimate the developmental rates of 10 necrophagous fly species using a temperature sum, following the accumulated degree-day model.
Source: Forensic Science International - April 22, 2015 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Y. Braet, L. Bourguignon, S. Vanpoucke, V. Drome, F. Hubrecht Tags: Technical Note Source Type: research
Forensic entomology of decomposing humans and their decomposing pets
Statistics from the American Veterinary Medical Association show that 36.5% of households own at least one dog and 30.4% of households own at least one cat in the United States [1]. Thus pets being found with a decedent during the course of routine death investigations are not surprising. Scene investigations of unattended deaths occurring inside locked residences comprise a large portion of the routine death investigations handled by a medical examiner's office. At these types of scenes, pets may be trapped inside with the decedent for extended periods of time.
Source: Forensic Science International - December 8, 2014 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Michelle R. Sanford Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
First record of genus Dahl (Diptera: Phoridae) associated with rabbit carcasses placed in concealed environments in Malaysia
Scuttle flies (Diptera: Phoridae) are the most diversified insect family with astounding broad spectrum of habitats and morphologies [1]. There are many species recorded as feeders on decomposing vertebrates/invertebrates and decaying organic matters, including human corpses [2–7]. In forensic entomology, scuttle flies due to their small size are able to enter narrow openings of concealed environments to breed on human corpses. This feature may allow investigators to use scuttle flies as preferred specimens to estimate post mortem interval (PMI) [8].
Source: Forensic Science International - November 1, 2014 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Raja Muhammad Zuha, See Huong Wen, R. Henry L. Disney, Baharudin Omar Tags: Rapid Communication Source Type: research
Hydrocarbon profiles throughout adult Calliphoridae aging: A promising tool for forensic entomology
Blow fly (Diptera: Calliphoridae) adults are primary colonizers of decomposing vertebrate remains (e.g., swine carcasses and human cadavers) and are commonly the first forensically important insect taxa to arrive at cadavers post-mortem. Forensic entomologists can use the predictable succession patterns, as determined by adult insect arrival (e.g., flies then beetles) and colonization patterns, along with the subsequent dipteran larval development to estimate a minimum post-mortem interval (PMImin) range.
Source: Forensic Science International - October 14, 2014 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Jennifer L. Pechal, Hannah Moore, Falko Drijfhout, M. Eric Benbow Source Type: research
A safe, free and efficient way to control , a common pest in forensic entomology laboratories
Nasonia vitripennis Walker (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) is a small (1-1.5mm long) parasitoid wasp well known to forensic entomologists. These insects are parasitoids of necrophagous blowfly (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and fleshfly (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) pupae [1]–[6]. Adult wasps have a well-developed sense of smell, and females can locate blowfly pupae hidden in the soil or under shelters [3]. The wasps lay eggs inside the puparium, and the wasp larvae develop by feeding on the living fly nympha.
Source: Forensic Science International - October 13, 2014 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: D. Charabidze Tags: Technical Note Source Type: research
The first report of (Meigen, 1830) (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae) in a forensic case, with redescription of its pupa
The contribution of forensic entomology to forensic practice has been widely documented and in some cases has provided interesting results on the fauna related to corpses (e.g. [1–8] among many others). The most interesting application to forensic practice deals with the estimation of a minimum post-mortem interval (PMImin) on the basis of entomological evidence recovered from the corpse or the forensic scene. Such estimation can be made taking into account the larval development of the species feeding on the corpse, as well as the succession model of the sarcosaprophagous fauna.
Source: Forensic Science International - July 29, 2014 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: María-Isabel Arnaldos, Nicolás Ubero-Pascal, Rafael García, Miguel Carles-Tolrá, Juan-José Presa, María-Dolores García Source Type: research
The first report of Telomerina flavipes (Meigen, 1830) (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae) in a forensic case, with redescription of its pupa
The contribution of Forensic Entomology to forensic practice has been widely documented and in some cases has provided interesting results on the fauna related to corpses (e.g. [1–8] among many others). The most interesting application to forensic practice deals with the estimation of a minimum post-mortem interval (PMImin) on the basis of entomological evidence recovered from the corpse or the forensic scene. Such estimation can be made taking into account the larval development of the species feeding on the corpse, as well as the succession model of the sarcosaprophagous fauna.
Source: Forensic Science International - July 29, 2014 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: María-Isabel Arnaldos, Nicolás Ubero-Pascal, Rafael García, Miguel Carles-Tolrá, Juan-José Presa, María-Dolores García Source Type: research
Molecular differentiation of Central European blowfly species (Diptera, Calliphoridae) using mitochondrial and nuclear genetic markers
The Calliphoridae family is considered an important source of information involved in medical, veterinary and forensic investigations [1,2]. It may be used to detect abuses, abandonment or neglect in addition to its usefulness in murder caseworks [3–5]. Blowfly species are commonly associated with carcass decomposition, necrotic tissues in wounds (superficial myiasis) and the presence of feces or urine in skin (rectal or urogenital myiasis) [6]. The current aging population and the global economic crisis may result in a change in the scope of Forensic Entomology, with an increasing number of deaths in which the period of...
Source: Forensic Science International - July 26, 2014 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Maite GilArriortua, Marta I. Saloña Bordas, Stephan Köhnemann, Heidi Pfeiffer, Marian M. de Pancorbo Source Type: research
