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Source: BMJ Open

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Total 1631 results found since Jan 2013.

Rabies mortality and morbidity associated with animal bites in Africa: a case for integrated rabies disease surveillance, prevention and control: a scoping review
Conclusion This study found challenges for dog rabies control and elimination in Africa and the need for a policy to drive the goal of zero dog-transmitted rabies to humans by 2030. This is an open-access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build on this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated and the use is non-commercial (see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).
Source: BMJ Open - December 2, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Nyasulu, P. S., Weyer, J., Tschopp, R., Mihret, A., Aseffa, A., Nuvor, S. V., Tamuzi, J. L., Nyakarahuka, L., Helegbe, G. K., Ntinginya, N. E., Gebreyesus, M. T., Doumbia, S., Busse, R., Drosten, C. Tags: Open access, Infectious diseases Source Type: research

Interventions to reduce the incidence of surgical site infection in colorectal resections: systematic review with multicomponent network meta-analysis (INTRISSI): study protocol
Objective To assess the relative contribution of intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis, mechanical bowel preparation, oral antibiotic prophylaxis, and combinations thereof towards the reduction of surgical site infection (SSI) incidence in elective colorectal resections. Methods and analysis A systematic search of randomised controlled trials comparing interventions to reduce SSI incidence will be conducted with predefined search terms in the following databases: MEDLINE, LILACS, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR). Additionally, several online datab...
Source: BMJ Open - November 25, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Friedrichs, J., Seide, S., Vey, J., Zimmermann, S., Hardt, J., Kleeff, J., Klose, J., Michalski, C. W., Kieser, M., Pilz, M., Ronellenfitsch, U. Tags: Open access, Surgery Source Type: research

Prevalence and incidence of dry eye in the USA: a systematic review protocol
Introduction Dry eye is a multifactorial chronic condition characterised by tear film insufficiency and instability, and ocular symptoms including foreign body sensation, itching, irritation, soreness and visual disturbance. The prevalence and incidence of dry eye are major determinants of the magnitude of economic and societal costs of the disease. This protocol proposes a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and incidence of dry eye in the USA. Methods and analysis Working with an information specialist, we will develop search strategies for Ovid Medline and Embase for population-based cross-sectional a...
Source: BMJ Open - November 23, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: McCann, P., Abraham, A. G., Gregory, D. G., Hauswirth, S., Ifantides, C., Liu, S.-H., Saldanha, I. J., Li, T. Tags: Open access, Ophthalmology Source Type: research

Trajectory research in children on the autism spectrum: a scoping review protocol
We present the protocol for a scoping review whose objective is to identify and summarise the scope of research that uses a longitudinal trajectory study design to examine development in children diagnosed with autism. Specifically, we will identify outcome domains and age intervals that have been well characterised, areas where further research is needed and the historical use of various longitudinal trajectory analytical approaches. Methods and analysis We outline the methods for the proposed scoping review according to the framework outlined by Arksey and O’Malley, with subsequent clarifications and enhancements ...
Source: BMJ Open - November 22, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Gentles, S., Duku, E., Kerns, C., McVey, A. J., Hunsche, M. C., Ng Cordell, E. C., Bednar, E. D., Banfield, L., Szatmari, P., Georgiades, S. Tags: Open access, Paediatrics Source Type: research

Implementation of the WHOs collaborative framework for the management of tuberculosis and diabetes: a scoping review
Conclusion Due to the paucity of evidence on mechanisms of collaboration, we recommend further research in other implementing countries to identify techniques used for diagnosis and integration of TB and DM services, in order to ensure that effective and joint management of TB-DM comorbidity in populations is achieved.
Source: BMJ Open - November 17, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Salifu, R. S., Hlongwa, M., Hlongwana, K. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research

Patient perspectives on integrated healthcare for HIV, hypertension and type 2 diabetes: a scoping review
Conclusion Patient perspectives and experiences on integrated care for HIV, diabetes and hypertension were mostly positive. Integrated services can save resources and allow for a more personalised approach to healthcare. There is a paucity of evidence and further longitudinal and interventional evidence from a more diverse range of healthcare systems are needed.
Source: BMJ Open - November 16, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Singh, S., Kirk, O., Jaffar, S., Karakezi, C., Ramaiya, K., Kallestrup, P., Kraef, C. Tags: Open access, Global health Source Type: research

How do middle-aged and older adults with chronic hip pain view their health problem and its care? A protocol for a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis
Introduction Chronic hip pain in middle-aged and older adults is common and disabling. Patient-centred care of chronic hip pain requires a comprehensive understanding of how people with chronic hip pain view their health problem and its care. This paper outlines a protocol to synthesise qualitative evidence of middle-aged and older adults' views, beliefs, expectations and preferences about their chronic hip pain and its care. Methods and analysis We will perform a qualitative evidence synthesis using a framework approach. We will conduct this study in accord with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Me...
Source: BMJ Open - November 11, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Haber, T., Hinman, R. S., Dobson, F., Bunzli, S., Hall, M. Tags: Open access, Rehabilitation medicine Source Type: research

Effectiveness of interventions to address the negative health outcomes of informal caregiving to older adults: protocol for an umbrella review
Introduction Informal (unpaid) caregivers play an essential role in caring for older people, whose care needs are often not fully met by formal services. While providing informal care may be a positive experience, it can also exert a considerable strain on caregivers’ physical and mental health. How to best support the needs of informal caregivers remains largely debated. This umbrella review (review of systematic reviews) aims to evaluate (1) whether effective interventions can mitigate the negative health outcomes of informal caregiving, (2) whether certain types of interventions are more effective than others, (3)...
Source: BMJ Open - November 9, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Calderon-Larranaga, A., Kirvalidze, M., Dahlberg, L., Sacco, L. B., Morin, L. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research

Care needs of dying patients and their family caregivers in hospice and palliative care in mainland China: a meta-synthesis of qualitative and quantitative studies
Conclusion This study identified that patients and family caregivers have an increasing demand for professional care at the end of life. Professionals, especially nurses, should enact a patients’ demand-centred practice to overcome the challenges of organisation, education, emotion and communication to provide high-quality end-of-life care.
Source: BMJ Open - November 5, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Zhu, S., Zhu, H., Zhang, X., Liu, K., Chen, Z., Yang, X., Sun, C., Xie, W., Xu, Q., Li, W., Pang, D., Cui, Y., Wang, H. Tags: Open access, Palliative care Source Type: research

Development and evaluation of guidelines for prevention of retraumatisation in torture survivors during surgical care: protocol for a multistage qualitative study
Introduction Healthcare professionals working in somatic departments are not trained to recognise signs of torture or provide appropriate healthcare to torture survivors, which may result in retraumatisation during surgical treatment. Methods and analysis This protocol outlines a four-stage qualitative-method strategy for the development and evaluation of guidelines for prevention of retraumatisation of torture survivors during surgical care. The systematic search for literature review in stages 1 and 2 was conducted in August 2019 and March 2021, respectively, using nine databases. The search strategies employed in stage...
Source: BMJ Open - November 5, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Schippert, A. C., Grov, E. K., Dahl-Michelsen, T., Silvola, J., Sparboe-Nilsen, B., Danielsen, S. O., Aaland, M., Bjornnes, A. K. Tags: Open access, Qualitative research Source Type: research

Safety and immunogenicity of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in healthy individuals: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction COVID-19 has spread with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Many inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are being tested at various clinical trial stages for the control and prevention of COVID-19. We aim to comprehensively and objectively evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in healthy individuals through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Methods and analysis We will search electronic databases of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and EMBASE for RCTs from inception to 31 December 2021. We will also search conference abs...
Source: BMJ Open - November 5, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Li, M., Yang, X., Jiang, L., Yang, D. Tags: Open access, Infectious diseases, COVID-19 Source Type: research

Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the effectiveness of deprescribing in falls prevention in older people
Introduction One of the known risk factors for fall incidents is the use of specific medications, fall-risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs). However, to date, there is uncertainty related to the effectiveness of deprescribing as a single intervention in falls prevention. Thus, a comprehensive update of the literature focusing on all settings in which older people receive healthcare and all deprescribing interventions is warranted to enhance the current knowledge. Methods and analysis This systematic review protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A systematic search was ...
Source: BMJ Open - November 3, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Seppala, L. J., Kamkar, N., Ryg, J., Masud, T., Daams, J., Montero-Odasso, M. M., Hartikainen, S., Petrovic, M., van der Velde, N., on behalf of the Task Force on Global Guidelines for Falls in Older Adults, Petrovic, Nieuwboer, Vlaeyen, Milisen, Ryg, Ken Tags: Open access, Geriatric medicine Source Type: research

Preparing social workers to address health inequities emerging during the COVID-19 pandemic by building capacity for health policy: a scoping review protocol
This study does not require Research Ethics Board approval as it uses publicly available sources of data.
Source: BMJ Open - November 3, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Ashcroft, R., Lam, S., Kourgiantakis, T., Begun, S., Nelson, M. L. A., Adamson, K., Cadell, S., Walsh, B., Greenblatt, A., Hussain, A., Sur, D., Sirotich, F., Craig, S. L. Tags: Open access, Health policy Source Type: research

Impact of disease-modifying therapies on MRI and neurocognitive outcomes in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Introduction Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are the mainstay of treatment for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). There is established evidence that DMTs are effective at reducing relapse rate and disease progression in RRMS, but there has been less consideration to the synthesis of MRI and neurocognitive outcomes, which play an increasingly important role in treatment decisions. The aim of this systematic review and network meta-analysis is to examine the relative efficacy, acceptability and tolerability of DMTs for RRMS, using MRI and neurocognitive outcomes. Methods and analysis We will search elec...
Source: BMJ Open - November 2, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Lees, S., Dicker, M., Ku, J. E., Chaganti, V., Mew-Sum, M., Wang, N., Smith, A., Oldmeadow, C., Goon, W. L., Bevan, M., Lang, D., Hinwood, M. Tags: Open access, Neurology Source Type: research

Identifying harm reduction strategies for alcohol and drug-use in inpatient care settings and emergency departments: a scoping review protocol
The objective of this review is to identify and synthesise reported harm reduction strategies that have been implemented across inpatient settings and EDs for PWUAD. Methods and analysis This review will include studies from any country and health service reporting on harm reduction strategies implemented in inpatient settings or EDs. The population of interest includes people of any race, gender and age identifying as PWUAD, or individuals who provided care to PWUAD. Studies which describe implementation strategies and barriers and enablers to implementation will be included. Studies published in English, or those availa...
Source: BMJ Open - October 28, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Curran, J. A., Somerville, M., Boulos, L., Caudarella, A., Crowther, D., Johnson, C., Wozney, L., MacPhee, S., Sinclair, D., Elliott Rose, A., Jose, C., Joudrey, M. Tags: Open access, Addiction Source Type: research