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Source: BMJ Open

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Total 1639 results found since Jan 2013.

Optimising prescribing practices in older adults with multimorbidity: a scoping review of guidelines
Conclusions From guidelines and tools identified, eleven cross-cutting themes provide a usable knowledge base when seeking to optimise prescribing among older adults with multimorbidity. Incorporating these themes in an approach that uses mixed criteria and implementation information could facilitate greater uptake of published prescribing recommendations.
Source: BMJ Open - December 14, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Lun, P., Law, F., Ho, E., Tan, K. T., Ang, W., Munro, Y., Ding, Y. Y. Tags: Open access, Geriatric medicine Source Type: research

Comparative efficacy and safety of transurethral laser surgery with holmium laser, KTP laser, 2-micron laser or thulium laser for the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder carcinoma: a protocol of network meta-analysis
Introduction The potential of transurethral laser surgery in treating non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has been confirmed, however which types of lasers may be preferentially prescribed remains a debate. The aim of this network meta-analysis is to investigate the comparative efficacy and safety of transurethral laser surgery with four common types of laser including holmium laser, potassium titanylphosphate (KTP) laser, 2-micron laser or thulium laser for the treatment of NMIBC. Methods and analysis A systematic search will be conducted to search all potentially eligible randomised controlled trials comparing di...
Source: BMJ Open - December 14, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Yu, J., Zheng, J. Tags: Open access, Urology Source Type: research

Connecting healthcare with income maximisation services, and their financial, health and well-being impacts for families with young children: a systematic review protocol
Introduction Poverty has far-reaching and detrimental effects on children’s physical and mental health, across all geographies. Financial advice and income-maximisation services can provide a promising opportunity for shifting the physical and mental health burdens that commonly occur with financial hardship, yet awareness of these services is limited, and referrals are not systematically integrated into existing healthcare service platforms. We aim to map and synthesise evidence on the impact of healthcare-income maximisation models of care for families of children aged 0–5 years in high-income countries on fa...
Source: BMJ Open - December 14, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Burley, J., Price, A. M., Parker, A., Samir, N., Zhu, A., Eapen, V., Contreras-Suarez, D., Schreurs, N., Lawson, K. D., Lingam, R., Grace, R., Raman, S., Kemp, L., Chota, S., Goldfeld, S., Woolfenden, S. Tags: Open access, Health services research Source Type: research

Skill decay following Basic Life Support training: a systematic review protocol
Introduction Survival from out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is lower in the UK than in several developed nations. Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is associated with increased rates of survival to hospital discharge following OHCA, prompting the introduction of several initiatives by the UK government to increase rates of bystander CPR, including the inclusion of Basic Life Support (BLS) teaching within the English national curriculum. While there is clear benefit in this, increasing evidence suggests poor retention of skills following BLS teaching. The aim of this systematic review is to summarise the li...
Source: BMJ Open - December 13, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Stanley, B., Burton, T., Percival, H., Beesley, E., Coffin, N., Hulme, J., Owen, A., Alderman, J. Tags: Open access, Medical education and training Source Type: research

Effect of physical exercise cessation on strength, functional, metabolic and structural outcomes in older adults: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction There is not a doubt that tailored exercise is an effective non-pharmacological approach for preventing, mitigating and even reversing ageing-related alterations. However, older adults are likely to experience prolonged periods of inactivity and training cessation periods as a consequence of falls or hospitalisation. Although recent evidence supports that exercise could have a protective effect and help in recovering, there is to date a lack of consensus about what kind of physical exercise prescription and training duration would produce better outcomes after training cessation periods. The current study will...
Source: BMJ Open - December 6, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Buendia-Romero, A., Vetrovsky, T., Estevez-Lopez, F., Courel-Ibanez, J. Tags: Open access, Sports and exercise medicine Source Type: research

Are patients accurate forecasters of their emotional response to medical conditions? A scoping review on affective forecasting
Conclusion Patients are less adept in predicting emotional response or quality of life regarding to health changes than we are inclined to assume. We discuss several biases which could explain this phenomenon. Our findings are relevant in the context of treatment decisions, advanced care planning and advanced care directives.
Source: BMJ Open - December 6, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Bosch, G. J. v. d., Roos, R. A. N., Otten, R., Bockting, C., Smulders, Y. M. Tags: Open access, Ethics Source Type: research

Rabies mortality and morbidity associated with animal bites in Africa: a case for integrated rabies disease surveillance, prevention and control: a scoping review
Conclusion This study found challenges for dog rabies control and elimination in Africa and the need for a policy to drive the goal of zero dog-transmitted rabies to humans by 2030. This is an open-access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build on this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated and the use is non-commercial (see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).
Source: BMJ Open - December 2, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Nyasulu, P. S., Weyer, J., Tschopp, R., Mihret, A., Aseffa, A., Nuvor, S. V., Tamuzi, J. L., Nyakarahuka, L., Helegbe, G. K., Ntinginya, N. E., Gebreyesus, M. T., Doumbia, S., Busse, R., Drosten, C. Tags: Open access, Infectious diseases Source Type: research

Interventions to reduce the incidence of surgical site infection in colorectal resections: systematic review with multicomponent network meta-analysis (INTRISSI): study protocol
Objective To assess the relative contribution of intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis, mechanical bowel preparation, oral antibiotic prophylaxis, and combinations thereof towards the reduction of surgical site infection (SSI) incidence in elective colorectal resections. Methods and analysis A systematic search of randomised controlled trials comparing interventions to reduce SSI incidence will be conducted with predefined search terms in the following databases: MEDLINE, LILACS, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR). Additionally, several online datab...
Source: BMJ Open - November 25, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Friedrichs, J., Seide, S., Vey, J., Zimmermann, S., Hardt, J., Kleeff, J., Klose, J., Michalski, C. W., Kieser, M., Pilz, M., Ronellenfitsch, U. Tags: Open access, Surgery Source Type: research

Prevalence and incidence of dry eye in the USA: a systematic review protocol
Introduction Dry eye is a multifactorial chronic condition characterised by tear film insufficiency and instability, and ocular symptoms including foreign body sensation, itching, irritation, soreness and visual disturbance. The prevalence and incidence of dry eye are major determinants of the magnitude of economic and societal costs of the disease. This protocol proposes a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and incidence of dry eye in the USA. Methods and analysis Working with an information specialist, we will develop search strategies for Ovid Medline and Embase for population-based cross-sectional a...
Source: BMJ Open - November 23, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: McCann, P., Abraham, A. G., Gregory, D. G., Hauswirth, S., Ifantides, C., Liu, S.-H., Saldanha, I. J., Li, T. Tags: Open access, Ophthalmology Source Type: research

Trajectory research in children on the autism spectrum: a scoping review protocol
We present the protocol for a scoping review whose objective is to identify and summarise the scope of research that uses a longitudinal trajectory study design to examine development in children diagnosed with autism. Specifically, we will identify outcome domains and age intervals that have been well characterised, areas where further research is needed and the historical use of various longitudinal trajectory analytical approaches. Methods and analysis We outline the methods for the proposed scoping review according to the framework outlined by Arksey and O’Malley, with subsequent clarifications and enhancements ...
Source: BMJ Open - November 22, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Gentles, S., Duku, E., Kerns, C., McVey, A. J., Hunsche, M. C., Ng Cordell, E. C., Bednar, E. D., Banfield, L., Szatmari, P., Georgiades, S. Tags: Open access, Paediatrics Source Type: research

Implementation of the WHOs collaborative framework for the management of tuberculosis and diabetes: a scoping review
Conclusion Due to the paucity of evidence on mechanisms of collaboration, we recommend further research in other implementing countries to identify techniques used for diagnosis and integration of TB and DM services, in order to ensure that effective and joint management of TB-DM comorbidity in populations is achieved.
Source: BMJ Open - November 17, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Salifu, R. S., Hlongwa, M., Hlongwana, K. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research

Patient perspectives on integrated healthcare for HIV, hypertension and type 2 diabetes: a scoping review
Conclusion Patient perspectives and experiences on integrated care for HIV, diabetes and hypertension were mostly positive. Integrated services can save resources and allow for a more personalised approach to healthcare. There is a paucity of evidence and further longitudinal and interventional evidence from a more diverse range of healthcare systems are needed.
Source: BMJ Open - November 16, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Singh, S., Kirk, O., Jaffar, S., Karakezi, C., Ramaiya, K., Kallestrup, P., Kraef, C. Tags: Open access, Global health Source Type: research

How do middle-aged and older adults with chronic hip pain view their health problem and its care? A protocol for a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis
Introduction Chronic hip pain in middle-aged and older adults is common and disabling. Patient-centred care of chronic hip pain requires a comprehensive understanding of how people with chronic hip pain view their health problem and its care. This paper outlines a protocol to synthesise qualitative evidence of middle-aged and older adults' views, beliefs, expectations and preferences about their chronic hip pain and its care. Methods and analysis We will perform a qualitative evidence synthesis using a framework approach. We will conduct this study in accord with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Me...
Source: BMJ Open - November 11, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Haber, T., Hinman, R. S., Dobson, F., Bunzli, S., Hall, M. Tags: Open access, Rehabilitation medicine Source Type: research

Effectiveness of interventions to address the negative health outcomes of informal caregiving to older adults: protocol for an umbrella review
Introduction Informal (unpaid) caregivers play an essential role in caring for older people, whose care needs are often not fully met by formal services. While providing informal care may be a positive experience, it can also exert a considerable strain on caregivers’ physical and mental health. How to best support the needs of informal caregivers remains largely debated. This umbrella review (review of systematic reviews) aims to evaluate (1) whether effective interventions can mitigate the negative health outcomes of informal caregiving, (2) whether certain types of interventions are more effective than others, (3)...
Source: BMJ Open - November 9, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Calderon-Larranaga, A., Kirvalidze, M., Dahlberg, L., Sacco, L. B., Morin, L. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research

Care needs of dying patients and their family caregivers in hospice and palliative care in mainland China: a meta-synthesis of qualitative and quantitative studies
Conclusion This study identified that patients and family caregivers have an increasing demand for professional care at the end of life. Professionals, especially nurses, should enact a patients’ demand-centred practice to overcome the challenges of organisation, education, emotion and communication to provide high-quality end-of-life care.
Source: BMJ Open - November 5, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Zhu, S., Zhu, H., Zhang, X., Liu, K., Chen, Z., Yang, X., Sun, C., Xie, W., Xu, Q., Li, W., Pang, D., Cui, Y., Wang, H. Tags: Open access, Palliative care Source Type: research