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Source: BMJ Open

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Total 1639 results found since Jan 2013.

A critical appraisal of the methodology and quality of evidence of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of traditional Chinese medical nursing interventions: a systematic review of reviews
Conclusions There is room for improvement in the methodological quality of systematic reviews/meta-analyses of TCMN interventions published in Chinese journals. Greater efforts should be devoted to ensuring a more comprehensive search strategy, clearer specification of the interventions of interest in the eligibility criteria and identification of meaningful outcomes for clinicians and patients (consumers). The overall quality of evidence among reviews remains suboptimal, which raise concerns about their roles in influencing clinical practice. Thus, the conclusions in reviews we assessed must be treated with caution and th...
Source: BMJ Open - November 13, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Jin, Y.-H., Wang, G.-H., Sun, Y.-R., Li, Q., Zhao, C., Li, G., Si, J.-H., Li, Y., Lu, C., Shang, H.-C. Tags: Open access, Epidemiology, Evidence based practice, Nursing Research Source Type: research

Polymyxin B-immobilised haemoperfusion and mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis/septic shock: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction Polymyxin-B immobilised haemoperfusion (PMX-HP) is a promising adjuvant strategy for the treatment of sepsis and septic shock. PMX-HP therapy works by clearing circulating endotoxin through binding to polymyxin-immobilised fibres during haemoperfusion. Small clinical trials have shown that PMX-HP therapy is associated with improved haemodynamic profile, oxygenation and survival. However, clear inferences have been largely inconclusive due to limitations in study design (eg, small, unblinded) and generalisability. We therefore propose to perform an up-to-date systematic review and evidence synthesis to describe...
Source: BMJ Open - November 20, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Fujii, T., Ganeko, R., Kataoka, Y., Featherstone, R., Bagshaw, S. M., Furukawa, T. A. Tags: Open access, Infectious diseases, Intensive care Protocol Source Type: research

Predictors of in-hospital mortality among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: a protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
This study is based on published data, and therefore ethical approval is not a requirement. Findings will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations at relevant conferences. Trial registration number CRD42015025755.
Source: BMJ Open - November 23, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Almeida, C. P. B. d., Couban, R., Kallyth, S. M., Cabral, V. K., Craigie, S., Busse, J. W., Silva, D. R. Tags: Open access, Epidemiology, Infectious diseases, Research methods Protocol Source Type: research

Association between organisational and workplace cultures, and patient outcomes: systematic review protocol
Introduction Despite widespread interest in the topic, no current synthesis of research is available analysing the linkages between organisational or workplace cultures on the one hand, and patient outcomes on the other. This protocol proposes a systematic review to analyse and synthesise the literature to date on this topic. The resulting review will discuss characteristics of included studies in terms of the type of healthcare settings researched, the measurements of organisational and workplace culture, patient outcomes measured and the influence of these cultures on patient outcomes. Methods and analysis A systematic ...
Source: BMJ Open - November 30, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Braithwaite, J., Herkes, J., Ludlow, K., Lamprell, G., Testa, L. Tags: Open access, Health policy, Health services research, Research methods Protocol Source Type: research

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in women of childbearing age in Africa during 2000-2016: protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction African women of childbearing age are increasingly being exposed to risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), most particularly obesity. A differentiating feature of diabetes in women of childbearing age is that the disease may affect the mother and the developing fetus. Apart from mapping the extent of the problem, understanding the prevalence of T2DM in African women of childbearing age can help to galvanise targeted interventions for reducing the burden of T2DM. This is a protocol for a systematic review aiming to assess the prevalence of and risk factors for T2DM in women of childbearing age (15&nd...
Source: BMJ Open - December 12, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Chivese, T., Mahmoud, W., Magodoro, I., Kengne, A. P., Norris, S. A., Levitt, N. S. Tags: Open access, Epidemiology, Public health, Diabetes and Endocrinology Protocol Source Type: research

Selling falsehoods? A cross-sectional study of Canadian naturopathy, homeopathy, chiropractic and acupuncture clinic website claims relating to allergy and asthma
Conclusions The majority of alternative healthcare clinics studied advertised interventions for allergy and asthma. Many offerings are unproven. A policy response may be warranted in order to safeguard the public interest.
Source: BMJ Open - December 15, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Murdoch, B., Carr, S., Caulfield, T. Tags: Open access, Complementary medicine, Health policy Research Source Type: research

Climate change and human health: what are the research trends? A scoping review protocol
Introduction For 28 years, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has been assessing the potential risks associated with anthropogenic climate change. Although interest in climate change and health is growing, the implications arising from their interaction remain understudied. Generating a greater understanding of the health impacts of climate change could be key step in inciting some of the changes necessary to decelerate global warming. A long-term and broad overview of the existing scientific literature in the field of climate change and health is currently missing in order to ensure that all priorit...
Source: BMJ Open - December 22, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Herlihy, N., Bar-Hen, A., Verner, G., Fischer, H., Sauerborn, R., Depoux, A., Flahault, A., Schütte, S. Tags: Open access, Global health, Public health, Research methods Protocol Source Type: research

Incidence of surgical site infection following caesarean section: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Introduction Caesarean section (CS) rates have increased globally during the past three decades. Surgical site infection (SSI) following CS is a common cause of morbidity with reported rates of 3–15%. SSI represents a substantial burden to the health system including increased length of hospitalisation and costs of postdischarge care. The definition of SSI varies with the postoperative follow-up period among different health systems, resulting in differences in the reporting of SSI incidence. We propose to conduct the first systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the pooled estimate for the overall incidence...
Source: BMJ Open - January 10, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Saeed, K. B. M., Greene, R. A., Corcoran, P., O'Neill, S. M. Tags: Open access, Epidemiology, Obgyn Protocol Source Type: research

Prevalence of obesity and overweight in African learners: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction Obesity and overweight are an emerging problem in Africa. Obese children are at increased risk of developing hypertension, high cholesterol, orthopaedic problems and type 2 diabetes as well as increased risk of adult obesity. Prevention of childhood overweight and obesity therefore needs high priority. The review approach is particularly useful in establishing whether research findings are consistent and can be generalised across populations and settings. This systematic review aims to assess the magnitude and distribution of overweight and obesity among primary school learners within populations in Africa. M...
Source: BMJ Open - January 12, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Adom, T., Puoane, T., De Villiers, A., Kengne, A. P. Tags: Open access, Epidemiology, Paediatrics, Public health Protocol Source Type: research

Functional outcome after Mason II-III radial head and neck fractures: study protocol for a systematic review in accordance with the PRISMA statement
Introduction Fractures of the radial head and neck are the most common fractures of the elbow, and account for approximately one-third of all elbow fractures. Depending on the fracture type the treatment is either conservative or surgical. There is no absolute consensus regarding optimal treatment for different fracture types. The aim of this protocol is to present the method that will be used to collect, describe and analyse the current evidence regarding the treatment of Mason II–III radial head and neck fractures. Method and analysis We will conduct a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting I...
Source: BMJ Open - January 26, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Hagelberg, M., Thune, A., Krupic, F., Salomonsson, B., Sköldenberg, O. Tags: Open access, Emergency medicine, Surgery Protocol Source Type: research

Health information needs, source preferences and engagement behaviours of women with metastatic breast cancer across the care continuum: protocol for a scoping review
Introduction The health information needs, information source preferences and engagement behaviours of women with metastatic breast cancer (mBC) depend on personal characteristics such as education level, prior knowledge, clinical complications, comorbidities and where they are in the cancer journey. A thorough understanding of the information behaviours of women living with mBC is essential to the provision of optimal care. A preliminary literature review suggests that there is little research on this topic, but that there may be lessons from a slightly broader literature. This review will identify what is known and what ...
Source: BMJ Open - February 16, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Tucker, C. A., Martin, M. P., Jones, R. B. Tags: Open access, Health informatics, Patient-centred medicine Protocol Source Type: research

Protocol for a scoping review of post-trial extensions of randomised controlled trials using individually linked administrative and registry data
Introduction Well-conducted randomised controlled trials (RCTs) provide the least biased estimates of intervention effects. However, RCTs are costly and time-consuming to perform and long-term follow-up of participants may be hampered by lost contacts and financial constraints. Advances in computing and population-based registries have created new possibilities for increasing the value of RCTs by post-trial extension using linkage to routinely collected administrative/registry data in order to determine long-term interventional effects. There have been recent important examples, including 20+ years follow-up studies of tri...
Source: BMJ Open - February 16, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Fitzpatrick, T., Perrier, L., Tricco, A. C., Straus, S. E., Jüni, P., Zwarenstein, M., Lix, L. M., Smith, M., Rosella, L. C., Henry, D. A. Tags: Open access, Epidemiology, Evidence based practice, Health informatics, Health services research, Pharmacology and therapeutics, Research methods Protocol Source Type: research

Early rehabilitation for the prevention of postintensive care syndrome in critically ill patients: a study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Discussion This systematic review will present evidence on the prevention of PICS in critically ill patients with early rehabilitation. Ethics Ethics approval is not required. Dissemination The results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journal publication, conference presentation(s) and publications for patient information. Trial registration number CRD42016039759.
Source: BMJ Open - February 28, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Kondo, Y., Fuke, R., Hifumi, T., Hatakeyama, J., Takei, T., Yamakawa, K., Inoue, S., Nishida, O. Tags: Open access, Infectious diseases, Intensive care Protocol Source Type: research

87: knowledge, attitude, and practice of evidence-based medicine among physicians: a systematic review
Conclusion: Findings from our review indicate that in spite of the increasingly more positive attitude towards EBM among physicians, their knowledge and practice remain relatively poor. Also, there is need for updated more objective tools for the assessment of EBM knowledge, attitude, and practice among physicians
Source: BMJ Open - February 7, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Barzkar, F., Baradaran, H. Tags: Open access Poster Source Type: research

38: complications of brown adipose tissue and its association with carcinogenesis; a systematic review (preliminary data)
Conclusion: It is concluded that although BBAT hyperactivity could have a potential role in carcinogenesis and cancer-induced cachexia, more human studies are required to focus on BBAT involvement in carcinogenesis.
Source: BMJ Open - February 7, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Jourabchi-Ghadim, N., Aynehchi, A., Ebrahimi-Mameghani, M. Tags: Open access Poster Source Type: research