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Source: BMJ Open

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Total 1639 results found since Jan 2013.

Systematic review of the cost-effectiveness of implementing guidelines on low back pain management in primary care: is transferability to other countries possible?
Conclusions Despite the resemblance of the implementation strategies, the 3 studies report conflicting results on cost-effectiveness. This review showed that transferring the results from the identified studies is not straightforward and underlines the importance of transparent reporting. Future research should focus on transferability of effects, for example, development of a supplement to Welte's model.
Source: BMJ Open - June 6, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Jensen, C. E., Jensen, M. B., Riis, A., Petersen, K. D. Tags: Open access, Health economics, Health services research Source Type: research

Systematic review of the literature on the effectiveness of product reformulation measures to reduce the sugar content of food and drink on the population's sugar consumption and health: a study protocol
Introduction Obesity, type 2 diabetes and dental caries are all major public health problems in the UK, with significant costs to the healthcare service. We aim to conduct a systematic review to summarise the evidence on the effectiveness of product reformulation measures to reduce the sugar content of food and drink on the population's sugar consumption and health. Methods and analysis Electronic database will be systematically searched using a combination of terms, tailored to optimise sensitivity, specificity, and the syntax and functionality of each database. The databases searched will include the Cochrane Library, E...
Source: BMJ Open - June 8, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Hashem, K. M., He, F. J., MacGregor, G. A. Tags: Open access, Global health, Health policy, Public health Protocol Source Type: research

Interventions for Meniere's disease: protocol for an umbrella systematic review and a network meta-analysis
Introduction The large number of treatment modalities for patients diagnosed with Menière's disease (MD) complicates the selection of the best available treatment as the comparative efficacy of these interventions is not clear. We aim to identify the treatment or treatments with the highest efficacy of current pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for MD. Methods and analysis We will identify all available systematic reviews on the treatment of MD. An online database search will be conducted in association with the UK Cochrane Centre, particularly the Ear, Nose and Throat Group. We will screen the syst...
Source: BMJ Open - June 8, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: van Esch, B. F., van der Zaag-Loonen, H. J., Bruintjes, T. D., van Benthem, P. P. G. Tags: Open access, Ear, nose and throat/otolaryngology, Evidence based practice, Medical management, Patient-centred medicine, Qualitative research Protocol Source Type: research

Making patient values visible in healthcare: a systematic review of tools to assess patient treatment priorities and preferences in the context of multimorbidity
Conclusions Given the importance of eliciting patient priorities and preferences in providing patient-centred care in the context of multimorbidity and polypharmacy, we found surprisingly few relevant tools. Some aspects of the tools used for single-disease contexts may also be useful in the context of multimorbidity. There is an urgent need to develop ways to make patient priorities explicitly visible in the clinical record and medical decision-making and to test the effect on patient-relevant outcomes.
Source: BMJ Open - June 9, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Mangin, D., Stephen, G., Bismah, V., Risdon, C. Tags: Open access, General practice / Family practice, Patient-centred medicine Research Source Type: research

Gender-based violence and absent fathers: a scoping review protocol
Discussion We anticipate finding a large number of studies on GBV diagnostic interventions in sub-Saharan Africa which, once summarised, will be useful to guide future research. The protocol for the scoping review has been registered in PROSPERO. Dissemination The study will be disseminated electronically and in print. It will also be presented to conferences related to GBV, Father Connections and Children's Health. PROSPERO registration number CRD42015022094.
Source: BMJ Open - June 12, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Sikweyiya, Y., Nduna, M., Khuzwayo, N., Mthombeni, A., Mashamba-Thompson, T. P. Tags: Open access, Public health, Research methods Protocol Source Type: research

Diagnostic utility of CSF {alpha}-synuclein species in Parkinson's disease: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction The diagnostic criteria currently used for Parkinson's disease (PD) are mainly based on clinical motor symptoms. For these reasons many biomarkers are under investigation to support the diagnosis at the early stage. The neuropathological hallmark of PD is represented by Lewy bodies (LBs), which are intracytoplasmic inclusions in substantia nigra neurons. The major component of LBs, α-synuclein (α-syn), has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PD and in other ‘synucleinopathies’ such as multisystem atrophy (MSA) and dementia with LBs (DLBs). Several studies have investigated this presy...
Source: BMJ Open - June 12, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Eusebi, P., Giannandrea, D., Biscetti, L., Abraha, I., Chiasserini, D., Orso, M., Calabresi, P., Parnetti, L. Tags: Open access, Diagnostics, Neurology Protocol Source Type: research

Sugar-sweetened beverages coverage in the British media: an analysis of public health advocacy versus pro-industry messaging
Conclusions SSBs were frequently published in mainstream British print newspapers and their online news websites during 2014. Public health media advocacy was prominent throughout, with a growing consensus that sugary drinks are bad for people's health. However, the challenge for public health will be to mobilise supportive public opinion to help implement effective regulatory policies. Only then will our population's excess consumption of SSBs come under control.
Source: BMJ Open - July 18, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Elliott-Green, A., Hyseni, L., Lloyd-Williams, F., Bromley, H., Capewell, S. Tags: Open access, Public health, Qualitative research Source Type: research

Predictors of physical functioning after total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review
Conclusions We have identified multiple predictors of functional outcome after THA, which will enable general practitioners and orthopaedic surgeons to better predict the improvement in physical functioning for their patients with THA. They can use this information to provide patient-specific advice regarding the referral for THA and the expected outcomes after THA. Further research with consistent measurement tools, outcomes and duration of follow-up across studies is needed to confirm the influence of these factors.
Source: BMJ Open - September 5, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Buirs, L. D., Van Beers, L. W. A. H., Scholtes, V. A. B., Pastoors, T., Sprague, S., Poolman, R. W. Tags: Open access, Rheumatology, Surgery Research Source Type: research

Psychological impact of injuries sustained in motor vehicle crashes: systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusions Rehabilitation strategies are needed to minimise distress subsequent to MVC-related physical injuries and the scientific robustness of studies requires improvement.
Source: BMJ Open - September 7, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Craig, A., Tran, Y., Guest, R., Gopinath, B., Jagnoor, J., Bryant, R. A., Collie, A., Tate, R., Kenardy, J., Middleton, J. W., Cameron, I. Tags: Open access, Mental health, Rehabilitation medicine Research Source Type: research

Protocol for a systematic review of preference-based instruments for measuring care-related outcomes and their suitability for the palliative care setting
Introduction Despite informal caregivers' integral role in supporting people affected by disease or disability, economic evaluations often ignore the costs and benefits experienced by this group, especially in the palliative setting. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify preference-based instruments for measuring care-related outcomes and provide guidance on the selection of instrument in palliative care economic evaluations. Methods and analysis A comprehensive search of the literature will be conducted from database inception (ASSIA; CINAHL; Cochrane library including DARE, NHS EED, HTA; Econlit; Embase; ...
Source: BMJ Open - September 11, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: McCaffrey, N., Al-Janabi, H., Currow, D., Hoefman, R., Ratcliffe, J. Tags: Open access, Health economics, Health policy, Health services research, Palliative care Protocol Source Type: research

The highly neglected burden of resistant hypertension in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusions There is a huge dearth of research on the epidemiology of RH in Africa. Thereby, an extensive study of RH prevalence and risk factors is still largely warranted to curtail the high and continuously increasing burden of hypertension across Africa.
Source: BMJ Open - September 19, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Nansseu, J. R. N., Noubiap, J. J. N., Mengnjo, M. K., Aminde, L. N., Essouma, M., Jingi, A. M., Bigna, J. J. R. Tags: Open access, Cardiovascular medicine, Epidemiology, Public health Research Source Type: research

Sodium intake and blood pressure in children and adolescents: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. In adults, high sodium intake is associated with elevated blood pressure. In children, experimental studies have shown that reducing sodium intake can reduce blood pressure. However, their external validity is limited, notably because the sodium reduction was substantial and not applicable in a real-life setting. Observational studies, on the other hand, allow assess the association between blood pressure and sodium intake across usual levels of consumption. There is also evidence that the association differs between subgroups of children accordi...
Source: BMJ Open - September 20, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Leyvraz, M., Taffe, P., Chatelan, A., Paradis, G., Tabin, R., Bovet, P., Bochud, M., Chiolero, A. Tags: Open access, Cardiovascular medicine, Nutrition and metabolism Protocol Source Type: research

Safety and efficacy of tranexamic acid in bleeding paediatric trauma patients: a systematic review protocol
This study will not involve primary data collection, and formal ethical approval will therefore not be required. The findings of this study will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and at relevant conference meetings. Trial registration number CRD42016038023.
Source: BMJ Open - September 21, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Urban, D., Dehaeck, R., Lorenzetti, D., Guilfoyle, J., Poon, M.-C., Steele, M., Lardner, D., Ma, I. W. Y., Brindle, M. E. Tags: Open access, Emergency medicine, Paediatrics, Surgery Protocol Source Type: research

Effectiveness of case management interventions for frequent users of healthcare services: a scoping review
Conclusions Many studies suggest that CM could reduce emergency department visits and hospitalisations as well as cost. However, pragmatic randomised controlled trials of adequate power that recruit the most frequent users of healthcare services are still needed to clearly confirm its effectiveness.
Source: BMJ Open - September 28, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Hudon, C., Chouinard, M.-C., Lambert, M., Dufour, I., Krieg, C. Tags: Open access, Health services research, Medical management Source Type: research

Primary care interventions and current service innovations in modifying long-term outcomes after stroke: a protocol for a scoping review
Introduction Interventions delivered by primary and/or community care have the potential to reach the majority of stroke survivors and carers and offer ongoing support. However, an integrative account emerging from the reviews of interventions addressing specific long-term outcomes after stroke is lacking. The aims of the proposed scoping review are to provide an overview of: (1) primary care and community healthcare interventions by generalist healthcare professionals to stroke survivors and/or their informal carers to address long-term outcomes after stroke, (2) the scope and characteristics of interventions which were s...
Source: BMJ Open - October 23, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Pindus, D. M., Lim, L., Rundell, A. V., Hobbs, V., Aziz, N. A., Mullis, R., Mant, J. Tags: Open access, Cardiovascular medicine, Health services research Protocol Source Type: research