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Source: Cerebellum

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Total 52 results found since Jan 2013.

Incidence and Risk Factors for Dysphagia Following Cerebellar Stroke: a Retrospective Cohort Study
This study aimed to investigate the incidence rate of dysphagia and the factors which may affect the presence of dysphagia and clinical recovery in individuals diagnosed with cerebellar stroke. A retrospective chart audit of 1651 post-stroke patients (1049 males and 602 females) admitted with a cerebellar stroke to a comprehensive tertiary hospital in China was conducted. Data on demographics, medical, along with swallowing function assessment were collected. Differences between dysphagic and non-dysphagic groups were evaluated using t-tests and Pearson's chi-square test. Univariate logistic regression analysis was perform...
Source: Cerebellum - May 19, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Li Huang Yunlu Wang Jikang Sun Lequn Zhu Jimin Liu Yuwei Wu Chunlei Shan Juntao Yan Ping Wan Source Type: research

Recent Advances in Cerebellar Ischemic Stroke Syndromes Causing Vertigo and Hearing Loss.
Abstract Cerebellar ischemic stroke is one of the common causes of vascular vertigo. It usually accompanies other neurological symptoms or signs, but a small infarct in the cerebellum can present with vertigo without other localizing symptoms. Approximately 11 % of the patients with isolated cerebellar infarction simulated acute peripheral vestibulopathy, and most patients had an infarct in the territory of the medial branch of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). A head impulse test can differentiate acute isolated vertigo associated with PICA territory cerebellar infarction from more benign disorder...
Source: Cerebellum - November 17, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kim HA, Yi HA, Lee H Tags: Cerebellum Source Type: research

Humor, Laughter, and the Cerebellum: Insights from Patients with Acute Cerebellar Stroke.
Abstract Extent of cerebellar involvement in cognition and emotion is still a topic of ongoing research. In particular, the cerebellar role in humor processing and control of laughter is not well known. A hypermetric dysregulation of affective behavior has been assumed in cerebellar damage. Thus, we aimed at investigating humor comprehension and appreciation as well as the expression of laughter in 21 patients in the acute or subacute state after stroke restricted to the cerebellum, and in the same number of matched healthy control subjects. Patients with acute and subacute cerebellar damage showed preserved compr...
Source: Cerebellum - May 11, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Frank B, Andrzejewski K, Göricke S, Wondzinski E, Siebler M, Wild B, Timmann D Tags: Cerebellum Source Type: research

Impairments in Emotion Recognition and Risk-Taking Behavior After Isolated, Cerebellar Stroke.
Abstract An increasing amount of research has shown a cerebellar involvement in higher order cognitive functions, including emotional processing and decision-making. However, it has not been investigated whether impairments in facial emotion recognition, which could be a marker of impaired emotional experiences, are related to risky decision-making in these patients. Therefore, we aimed to investigate facial emotion recognition and risky decision-making in these patients as well as to investigate a relationship between these constructs. Thirteen patients with a discrete, isolated, cerebellar lesion as a consequenc...
Source: Cerebellum - February 26, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Authors: van den Berg NS, Huitema RB, Spikman JM, Luijckx GJ, de Haan EHF Tags: Cerebellum Source Type: research

Multi-focal Stimulation of the Cortico-cerebellar Loop During the Acquisition of a Novel Hand Motor Skill in Chronic Stroke Survivors
Cerebellum. 2023 Feb 18. doi: 10.1007/s12311-023-01526-4. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTImpairment of hand motor function is a frequent consequence after a stroke and strongly determines the ability to regain a self-determined life. An influential research strategy for improving motor deficits is the combined application of behavioral training and non-invasive brain stimulation of the motor cortex (M1). However, a convincing clinical translation of the present stimulation strategies has not been achieved yet. One alternative and innovative approach is to target the functionally relevant brain network-based architecture, e....
Source: Cerebellum - February 21, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: M J Wessel L R Draaisma M Durand-Ruel P Maceira-Elvira M Moyne J-L Turlan A M ühl L Chauvign é P J Koch T Morishita A G Guggisberg F C Hummel Source Type: research

Posterior Fossa Syndrome After Cerebellar Stroke.
We report longitudinal clinical, neurocognitive and neuroradiological findings in a 71-year-old right-handed patient who developed PFS following a right cerebellar haemorrhage that was not surgically evacuated. During follow-up, functional neuroimaging was conducted by means of quantified Tc-99m-ECD SPECT studies. After a 10-day period of akinetic mutism, the clinical picture developed into cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome (CCAS) with reversion to a previously learnt accent, consistent with neurogenic foreign accent syndrome (FAS). No psychometric evidence for dementia was found. Quantified Tc-99m-ECD SPECT studies ...
Source: Cerebellum - April 11, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mariën P, Verslegers L, Moens M, Dua G, Herregods P, Verhoeven J Tags: Cerebellum Source Type: research

Feasibility of combining functional near-infrared spectroscopy with electroencephalography to identify chronic stroke responders to cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation-a computational modeling and portable neuroimaging methodological study
Cerebellum. 2021 Mar 6. doi: 10.1007/s12311-021-01249-4. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFeasibility of portable neuroimaging of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS) effects on the cerebral cortex has not been investigated vis-à-vis cerebellar lobular electric field strength. We studied functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in conjunction with electroencephalography (EEG) to measure changes in the brain activation at the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the sensorimotor cortex (SMC) following ctDCS as well as virtual reality-based balance training (VBaT) before and after ctDCS treatment in 12 hemipa...
Source: Cerebellum - March 6, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Zeynab Rezaee Shashi Ranjan Dhaval Solanki Mahasweta Bhattacharya M V Padma Srivastava Uttama Lahiri Anirban Dutta Source Type: research

Transynaptic Changes Evident in Peripheral Axonal Function After Acute Cerebellar Infarct.
Abstract The cerebellum has a vital role in fine motor control of the limbs. Consequently, downstream changes in peripheral axonal function may develop following a cerebellar infarct, in part, to adapt to the resultant impairment. The present study investigated changes in excitability in ipsilateral and contralateral upper limb peripheral motor axons in patients with acute cerebellar infarct to determine whether plastic changes may have functional relevance. Peripheral nerve excitability studies and detailed clinical assessments of functional impairment were undertaken in 13 patients with acute unilateral cerebell...
Source: Cerebellum - June 19, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Huynh W, Lin CS, Krishnan AV, Vucic S, Kiernan MC Tags: Cerebellum Source Type: research

Motor Cortex Excitability in Acute Cerebellar Infarct.
Abstract Limited evidence to date has demonstrated changes in excitability that develops over the contralateral motor cortex after a cerebellar infarct. As such, the present study investigated changes in excitability over the contra- (contraM1) and ipsilateral motor cortices (ipsiM1), in patients with acute cerebellar infarct, to determine whether the changes may have functional relevance. Paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation, combined with detailed clinical assessment, was undertaken in ten patients presenting with acute unilateral cerebellar infarct. Studies were undertaken within 1 week of ictus and ...
Source: Cerebellum - June 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Huynh W, Krishnan AV, Vucic S, Lin CS, Kiernan MC Tags: Cerebellum Source Type: research

Quantitative Longitudinal Evaluation of Diaschisis-Related Cerebellar Perfusion and Diffusion Parameters in Patients with Supratentorial Hemispheric High-Grade Gliomas After Surgery.
In this study, we investigated the longitudinal evolution of diaschisis-related cerebellar perfusion and diffusion tensor-imaging (DTI) changes in patients after surgery for supratentorial brain tumors. Eight patients (M:F 5:3, age 8-22 years) who received surgery for supratentorial high-grade gliomas were evaluated. Initial MRI studies were performed 19-54 days postoperatively, with follow-ups at 2- to 3-month intervals. For each study, parametric maps of the cerebellum were generated and coregistered to T1-weighted images that had been previously segmented for cGM and cWM. Aggregate mean values of CBV, cerebral blood f...
Source: Cerebellum - June 12, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Patay Z, Parra C, Hawk H, George A, Li Y, Scoggins M, Broniscer A, Ogg RJ Tags: Cerebellum Source Type: research

Cerebellum Tunes the Excitability of the Motor System: Evidence from Peripheral Motor Axons.
Abstract Cerebellum is highly connected with the contralateral cerebral cortex. So far, the motor deficits observed in acute focal cerebellar lesions in human have been mainly explained on the basis of a disruption of the cerebello-thalamo-cortical projections. Cerebellar circuits have also numerous anatomical and functional interactions with brainstem nuclei and projects also directly to the spinal cord. Cerebellar lesions alter the excitability of peripheral motor axons as demonstrated by peripheral motor threshold-tracking techniques in cerebellar stroke. The biophysical changes are correlated with the function...
Source: Cerebellum - June 25, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Nodera H, Manto M Tags: Cerebellum Source Type: research

Remote Degeneration: Insights from the Hemicerebellectomy Model.
Abstract When CNS lesions develop, neuronal degeneration occurs locally but in regions that are remote, yet functionally connected, to the primary lesion site. This process, known as "remote damage," significantly affects long-term outcomes in many CNS pathologies, such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, and traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries. Remote damage can last several days or months after the primary lesion, providing a window during which therapeutic approaches can be implemented to effect neuroprotection. The recognition of the importance of remote damage in determining disease outcomes has prompted cons...
Source: Cerebellum - September 25, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Viscomi MT, Latini L, Bisicchia E, Sasso V, Molinari M Tags: Cerebellum Source Type: research

Understanding and Modulating Motor Learning with Cerebellar Stimulation.
Abstract Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques are a powerful approach to investigate the physiology and function of the central nervous system. Recent years have seen numerous investigations delivering transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and or transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to the cerebellum to determine its role in motor, cognitive and emotional behaviours. Early studies have shown that it is possible to assess cerebellar-motor cortex (CB-M1) connectivity using a paired-pulse TMS paradigm called cerebellar inhibition (CBI), and indirectly infer the state of cerebellar excitability. Thus,...
Source: Cerebellum - October 5, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Celnik P Tags: Cerebellum Source Type: research