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Total 262 results found since Jan 2013.

Biomarkers and atrial fibrillation: is it prime time yet?
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a global epidemic with increasing burden on healthcare systems.1 AF is associated with increased risk of thromboembolic stroke, heart failure, cognitive dysfunction and mortality. In improving prognosis, the focus of management revolves around stroke prevention with clinical scores developed to identify people with increased stroke risk. The CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores are the most commonly used scores, with the latter being better able to discriminate low-risk subjects.2 However, both the risk scores have a modest predictive value for identifying high-risk subjects for stroke with C statisti...
Source: Heart - July 3, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mahajan, R., Lau, D. H., Sanders, P. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Clinical diagnostic tests, Epidemiology Editorials Source Type: research

Importance of persistent elevation of cardiac biomarkers in atrial fibrillation: a RE-LY substudy
Conclusions Persistent elevation of troponin and NT-proBNP indicates a worse prognosis than transient elevations or no elevations of either marker. Prognostication of stroke, death and thromboembolic events is improved by the use of repeated determinations of cardiac biomarkers. Trial registration number: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT00262600
Source: Heart - July 3, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hijazi, Z., Oldgren, J., Andersson, U., Connolly, S. J., Ezekowitz, M. D., Hohnloser, S. H., Reilly, P. A., Siegbahn, A., Yusuf, S., Wallentin, L. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Epidemiology Arrhythmias and sudden death Source Type: research

Cardiovascular highlights from non-cardiology journals
Cryptogenic stroke due to undetected atrial fibrillation—longer ECG monitoring may be the key Up to 40% of ischemic strokes remain unexplained after routine evaluation and thus are considered cryptogenic. However, a number of these strokes may be due to an undetected episode of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) where anticoagulation can reduce the risk of subsequent ischemic stokes. Although a minimum of 24 hours of ECG monitoring is guideline recommended in the evaluation of ischemic stroke to identify AF, the optimal duration of monitoring remains undetermined. Among patients with cryptogenic stroke, two concurre...
Source: Heart - August 21, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bradley, S. M. Tags: Journal scan Source Type: research

Habitual chocolate consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease among healthy men and women
Conclusions Cumulative evidence suggests that higher chocolate intake is associated with a lower risk of future cardiovascular events, although residual confounding cannot be excluded. There does not appear to be any evidence to say that chocolate should be avoided in those who are concerned about cardiovascular risk.
Source: Heart - July 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kwok, C. S., Boekholdt, S. M., Lentjes, M. A. H., Loke, Y. K., Luben, R. N., Yeong, J. K., Wareham, N. J., Myint, P. K., Khaw, K.-T. Tags: Editor's choice, Press releases, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Epidemiology Cardiac risk factors and prevention Source Type: research

Coronary bypass surgery versus stenting in multivessel disease involving the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery
Conclusions In patients with multivessel disease with proximal LAD involvement, CABG is associated with lower rates of the safety composite endpoint of death, MI or stroke as compared with PCI with drug-eluting stents at 5 years of follow-up (number needed to treat=21). Trial registration number PRECOMBAT clinicaltrials.gov NCT00997828; SYNTAX: clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00114972 NCT00114972.
Source: Heart - February 26, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Cavalcante, R., Sotomi, Y., Zeng, Y., Lee, C. W., Ahn, J.-M., Collet, C., Tenekecioglu, E., Suwannasom, P., Onuma, Y., Park, S.-J., Serruys, P. W. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Interventional cardiology, Acute coronary syndromes, Percutaneous intervention, Epidemiology Coronary artery disease Source Type: research

Effectiveness and safety of oral anticoagulants in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation
Conclusion In this nationwide cohort study of patients ≥75 years initiating oral anticoagulation for AF, standard and reduced dose NOACs were associated with similar risks of stroke/SE as warfarin and lower or similar risks of bleeding. The NOACs seem to be a safe option also in elderly patients.
Source: Heart - February 16, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Rutherford, O.-C. W., Jonasson, C., Ghanima, W., Söderdahl, F., Halvorsen, S. Tags: Open access Arrhythmias and sudden death Source Type: research

Prediction of incident atrial fibrillation in community-based electronic health records: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Conclusions Models externally validated for prediction of incident AF in community-based EHR demonstrate moderate predictive ability and high risk of bias. Novel methods may provide stronger discriminative performance. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42021245093.
Source: Heart - June 10, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nadarajah, R., Alsaeed, E., Hurdus, B., Aktaa, S., Hogg, D., Bates, M. G. D., Cowan, C., Wu, J., Gale, C. P. Tags: Open access Arrhythmias and sudden death Source Type: research

Left atrial appendage preservation versus closure during surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation
Conclusions LAA preservation during surgical AF ablation was not associated with an increased risk of stroke or mortality. Postoperative LA transport functions were more favourable with LAA preservation than with LAA closure.
Source: Heart - November 10, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kim, H. J., Chang, D.-H., Kim, S.-O., Kim, J. K., Kim, K., Jung, S.-H., Lee, J. W., Kim, J. B. Tags: Arrhythmias and sudden death Source Type: research

Global left ventricular longitudinal systolic strain as a major predictor of cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation
Conclusions GLS was a major parameter and stronger than LVEF and Sa in predicting adverse CV events and could offer an additional prognostic benefit over conventional clinical and echocardiographic systolic parameters in AF.
Source: Heart - October 6, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Su, H.-M., Lin, T.-H., Hsu, P.-C., Lee, W.-H., Chu, C.-Y., Lee, C.-S., Voon, W.-C., Lai, W.-T., Sheu, S.-H. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Hypertension, Clinical diagnostic tests, Epidemiology Cardiovascular imaging Source Type: research

Effects of antihypertensive treatment in patients over 65 years of age: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies
Conclusion Reducing BP to a level of 150/80 mmHg is associated with large benefit in stroke, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality as well as heart failure risk in elderly individuals. Different antihypertensive regimens with equal BP reduction have similar effects on cardiovascular outcomes. SBP rather than DBP reduction is significantly related to lower cardiovascular risk in this population.
Source: Heart - January 23, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Briasoulis, A., Agarwal, V., Tousoulis, D., Stefanadis, C. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Hypertension, Epidemiology Cardiac risk factors and prevention Source Type: research

Combined anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy in AF patients: why do we not follow guidelines?
While current European guidelines recommend oral anticoagulation treatment over antiplatelet therapy for the prevention of ischaemic stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) with a 64% stroke risk reduction by warfarin treatment versus placebo and a 39% risk reduction versus aspirin,1 single or dual antiplatelet therapy is the guideline recommended first-line treatment strategy for patients with peripheral and/or coronary artery disease with and without intervention to prevent recurrences and major adverse cardiac events.2–7 Antiplatelet therapy is also recommended in patients with ischaemic stro...
Source: Heart - September 23, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Brandes, A. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Acute coronary syndromes, Venous thromboembolism Editorials Source Type: research

Not all thromboembolism comes from the left atrial appendage in atrial fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation (AF) confers a substantial risk of stroke and thromboembolism, which is effectively reduced by oral anticoagulation (OAC), whether as a vitamin K antagonist (VKA, eg, warfarin) or one of non-VKA oral anticoagulants (NOACs). With the use of OACs, the risk of bleeding remains a problem associated with these agents. Thus, a clinical dilemma remains in the optimal management of patients with AF who are at high risk of stroke but have a history of bleeding. Among patients with non-valvular AF, over 90% of the thrombus is formed in the left atrial appendage (LAA).1 Thus, the exclusion of LAA could greatly dec...
Source: Heart - May 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Senoo, K., Lip, G. Y. H. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Heart failure, Hypertension, Epidemiology Editorials Source Type: research

Dabigatran and apolipoprotein B
Dabigatran is the first of a series of new direct acting oral anticoagulants that was clinically introduced for the prevention of ischaemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). In the randomized evaluation of long-term anticoagulation therapy (RE-LY) study, dabigatran was shown to be superior or non-inferior to warfarin in preventing ischaemic stroke, depending on the dose administered (150 or 110 mg twice daily, respectively).1 This phase III trial opened the door to the clinical introduction of this direct thrombin inhibitor, resulting in a swift clinical uptake around the globe. This was rapidly follow...
Source: Heart - December 11, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: ten Cate, H. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system Editorials Source Type: research

All types of atrial fibrillation in the setting of myocardial infarction are associated with impaired outcome
Conclusions AF is common in the setting of MI and is associated with a higher risk of composite cardiovascular outcome and the individual components; mortality, reinfarction and ischaemic stroke, respectively. No major difference in outcome was observed between AF subtypes. No difference in outcome for AF was observed between the NSTEMI and STEMI cohort.
Source: Heart - June 5, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Batra, G., Svennblad, B., Held, C., Jernberg, T., Johanson, P., Wallentin, L., Oldgren, J. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Acute coronary syndromes, Epidemiology Coronary artery disease Source Type: research

Carotid artery stenting outcomes in dataset registries: a cause of concern or an opportunity for improvement?
Dear Editor, Roffi et al1 report that contemporary outcomes following carotid stenting (CAS) in large-scale registries were comparable to carotid endarterectomy (CEA). They also concluded that, over time, complication rates following CAS had decreased.1 We recently reviewed outcomes after >1 500 000 procedures in 21 administrative dataset registries where procedural death/stroke rates were reported for both CEA and CAS.2 One key finding was that CAS was associated with in-hospital/30-day death/stroke rates that exceeded the 3% American Heart Association (AHA) risk threshold for asymptomatic patients in 9/21 re...
Source: Heart - June 9, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Paraskevas, K. I., Naylor, A. R. Tags: Review articles PostScript Source Type: research