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Decompressive Hemicraniectomy in Acute Neurological Diseases
Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) secondary to severe brain injury is common. Increased ICP is commonly encountered in malignant middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and intracerebral hemorrhage. Multiple interventions—both medical and surgical—exist to manage increased ICP. Medical management is used as first-line therapy; however, it is not always effective and is associated with significant risks. Decompressive hemicraniectomy is a surgical option to reduce ICP, increase cerebral compliance, and increase cerebral blood perfusion when medical management ...
Source: Journal of Intensive Care Medicine - September 8, 2016 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Crudele, A., Shah, S. O., Bar, B. Tags: Analytic Reviews Source Type: research

Chronic Statin Use and Long-Term Rates of Sepsis: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Conclusion: In the REGARDS cohort, statin use at baseline was not associated with rates of future sepsis events.
Source: Journal of Intensive Care Medicine - May 26, 2016 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Wang, H. E., Griffin, R., Shapiro, N. I., Howard, G., Safford, M. M. Tags: Review of a Large Clinical Series Source Type: research

The Safety and Feasibility of Admitting Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage to the Step-Down Unit
Conclusion: Admission of ICH patients with mild symptoms to the SDU is safe and feasible. Larger prospective studies are needed to define the specific criteria for admission.
Source: Journal of Intensive Care Medicine - May 26, 2016 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Hafeez, S., Behrouz, R. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

A Review of and Recommendations for the Management of Patients With Life-Threatening Dabigatran-Associated Hemorrhage: A Single-Center University Hospital Experience
Dabigatran is an oral direct thrombin inhibitor that is approved for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Dabigatran has several advantages over warfarin including predictable pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics which eliminates the need for routine laboratory monitoring, superiority over warfarin in preventing stroke, or systemic embolism without having an increased risk of bleeding. However, as with any anticoagulant, there remains a real chance of bleeding, including major or life-threatening hemorrhage. Many physicians feel comfortable managing bleeding complications on o...
Source: Journal of Intensive Care Medicine - October 29, 2015 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Kumar, R., Smith, R. E., Henry, B. L. Tags: Analytic Reviews Source Type: research

Management of Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation remains the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia, and its incidence is increasing as the population ages. Common conditions associated with an increased incidence include advanced age, hypertension, heart failure, and valvular heart disease. Patients with atrial fibrillation may complain of palpitations, fatigue, and decreased exercise tolerance or may be completely asymptomatic. Options for treating patients who experience atrial fibrillation include rate-controlling drugs such as digoxin, β-blockers, and calcium channel blockers or a rhythm-controlling strategy with agents such as sodium channel blo...
Source: Journal of Intensive Care Medicine - October 29, 2015 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Zamani, P., Verdino, R. J. Tags: Analytic Reviews Source Type: research

Brain Injury as a Risk Factor for Fever Upon Admission to the Intensive Care Unit and Association With In-Hospital Case Fatality: A Matched Cohort Study
Conclusion: These data suggest that fever is a frequent occurrence after brain injury, and that it is independently associated with in-hospital case fatality.
Source: Journal of Intensive Care Medicine - January 9, 2015 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Rincon, F., Patel, U., Schorr, C., Lee, E., Ross, S., Dellinger, R. P., Zanotti-Cavazzoni, S. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

The Prevalence and Impact of Mortality of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome on Admissions of Patients With Ischemic Stroke in the United States
Conclusion: Our analysis demonstrates that ARDS is rare after AIS. Despite an overall significant reduction in mortality after AIS, ARDS carries a higher risk of death in this patient population.
Source: Journal of Intensive Care Medicine - October 29, 2014 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Rincon, F., Maltenfort, M., Dey, S., Ghosh, S., Vibbert, M., Urtecho, J., Jallo, J., Ratliff, J. K., McBride, J. W., Bell, R. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Fever After Rewarming: Incidence of Pyrexia in Postcardiac Arrest Patients Who Have Undergone Mild Therapeutic Hypothermia
Conclusion: Among a cohort of patients who underwent mild TH after OHCA, more than half of these patients developed pyrexia in the first 24 hours after rewarming. Although there were no significant differences in outcomes between febrile and nonfebrile patients identified in this study, these findings should be further evaluated in a larger cohort. Future investigations may be needed to determine whether postrewarming temperature management will improve the outcomes in this population.
Source: Journal of Intensive Care Medicine - October 29, 2014 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Cocchi, M. N., Boone, M. D., Giberson, B., Giberson, T., Farrell, E., Salciccioli, J. D., Talmor, D., Williams, D., Donnino, M. W. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Predictors and Outcomes of Pneumonia in Patients With Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Conclusion. Mechanical ventilation, tube feeding, dysphagia, and tracheostomy are exposures associated with increased risk of the development of pneumonia in patients with sICH. Pneumonia is associated with an increase in morbidity, length of stay, and mortality among patients with sICH.
Source: Journal of Intensive Care Medicine - February 20, 2013 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Alsumrain, M., Melillo, N., DeBari, V. A., Kirmani, J., Moussavi, M., Doraiswamy, V., Katapally, R., Korya, D., Adelman, M., Miller, R. Tags: Review of a Large Clinical Series Source Type: research