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Patent foramen ovale: the current state of play
Learning objectives Understand the anatomy and embryology of the interatrial septum and patent foramen ovale (PFO). Develop an overview of the many clinical associations of a PFO. Appraise the clinical evidence for and against closure of PFO. Introduction Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a common finding, occurring in up to 25% of people.1 2 An association between PFO and stroke has consistently been seen in up to 50% of patients without an identifiable cause, that is, the so-called cryptogenic stroke (CS) and only in 20% with an identified cause.3 4 Many studies have been published testing the hypothesis that paradoxical emb...
Source: Heart - November 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Asrress, K. N., Marciniak, M., Marciniak, A., Rajani, R., Clapp, B. Tags: Education in Heart, Echocardiography, Clinical diagnostic tests Source Type: research