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Comment The social sciences, humanities, and health
Humanities and social sciences have had many positive influences on health experiences, care, and expenditure. These include on self-management for diabetes, provision of psychological therapy, handwashing, hospital checklists, the Scottish Government's stroke guidelines, England's tobacco control strategy, the response to the Ebola outbreak in west Africa and Zika virus in Brazil, and many more.1 Researchers have shown time and time again the political, practical, economic, and civic value of education and research in disciplines like anthropology, history, and philosophy.
Source: LANCET - April 13, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Martyn Pickersgill, Sarah Chan, Gill Haddow, Graeme Laurie, Devi Sridhar, Steve Sturdy, Sarah Cunningham-Burley Tags: Comment Source Type: research

Comment Building evidence for care beyond the medical centre
Digital health has been defined as the “convergence of the digital and genomic revolutions with health, health care, living, and society”.1 The term is often used interchangeably with mHealth or mobile health because of the central role played by mobile devices. Remote patient monitoring and telemedicine constitute a subset of digita l health technologies that enable monitoring of patients outside conventional clinical settings, such as in the comfort of their own homes. Evidence regarding the efficacy, effectiveness, economics, and clinical preferences of remote patient monitoring and telemedicine is growing in many c...
Source: LANCET - July 14, 2017 Category: General Medicine Authors: Thomas A Ullman, Ashish Atreja Tags: Comment Source Type: research

Correspondence The INTERSTROKE study on risk factors for stroke – Authors' reply
Xianwei Zeng and collagues suggest our analysis of the INTERSTROKE study1 overestimated the population attributable for ten risk factors of stroke due to the selection of variables included. Although we did not include a variable for metabolic syndrome, we did include the key domains for metabolic syndrome, namely obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and apolipoproteins. Our analysis also included a measure of dietary quality, namely modified alternative healthy index (mAHEI). Variables for health education and hormones were not included, because these were not measured, although certain hormones could be measured in future an...
Source: LANCET - January 6, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Martin O'Donnell, Salim Yusuf Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Articles Blood pressure lowering for prevention of cardiovascular disease and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Blood pressure lowering significantly reduces vascular risk across various baseline blood pressure levels and comorbidities. Our results provide strong support for lowering blood pressure to systolic blood pressures less than 130 mm Hg and providing blood pressure lowering treatment to individuals with a history of cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease.
Source: LANCET - December 23, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Dena Ettehad, Connor A Emdin, Amit Kiran, Simon G Anderson, Thomas Callender, Jonathan Emberson, John Chalmers, Anthony Rodgers, Kazem Rahimi Tags: Articles Source Type: research

World Report Profile: NIMHD—NIH's institute for minority health
For many Americans, health disparities are a fact of life—and death. Compared with white people, minorities are more likely to have and die from obesity, hypertension, heart attacks, cancer, stroke, and diabetes. On average, African-American people live 4 years less than do white people. The causes of these health disparities are a complex mixture of social and genetic factors, and they affect everything from the choices people make to how they interact with medical providers to how the system interacts with them.
Source: LANCET - November 6, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Carrie Arnold Tags: World Report Source Type: research

Correspondence The promise of personalised medicine
I read with great interest the Viewpoint by Victor Dzau and colleagues (May 23, p 2118)1 who suggested that personalised and precision medicine would result in identification of patients at highest risk of six high-prevalence diseases (cancer, diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, lung disease, and stroke) and lead to subsequent early prophylactic intervention. The authors also suggested that personalised medicine could lead to substantial cumulative gains (expressed using US$100 000 per quality-adjusted life-year, with a $33 billion gain at a reduced disease incidence of 10% and up to a $607 billion gain at a 50% incid...
Source: LANCET - August 21, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Claude Matuchansky Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Articles Diabetes as a risk factor for stroke in women compared with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 64 cohorts, including 775 385 individuals and 12 539 strokes
The excess risk of stroke associated with diabetes is significantly higher in women than men, independent of sex differences in other major cardiovascular risk factors. These data add to the existing evidence that men and women experience diabetes-related diseases differently and suggest the need for further work to clarify the biological, behavioural, or social mechanisms involved.
Source: LANCET - June 6, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Sanne A E Peters, Rachel R Huxley, Mark Woodward Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Comment Sex disparity in the risk of diabetes-associated stroke
In the general population, stroke is more prevalent in men than in women. Men also have a higher age-specific stroke incidence than women, except for women aged 35–44 years and those older than 85 years. Factors such as pregnancy and the use of oral contraceptives are believed to contribute to the increased risk of stroke in women in their mid-30s to mid-40s, and their relative longevity contributes to the higher risk of stroke in older women.
Source: LANCET - June 6, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Linong Ji Tags: Comment Source Type: research

World Report Profile: Australia's Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute
Cardiovascular disease kills one Australian every 11 minutes, and 3·4 million of the country's 23 million population are affected, with rates 30% higher in Indigenous Australians. One in six Australians will have a stroke in their lifetime, and 1·5 million are estimated to have diabetes. No surprise then that Australia has one of the most well known cardiovascular disease research institutes: the Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute based in Melbourne.
Source: LANCET - April 25, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Tony Kirby Tags: World Report Source Type: research

Seminar Intracranial atherosclerosis
Atherosclerotic disease often involves the intracranial arteries including those encased by cranial bones and dura, and those located in the subarachnoid space. Age, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus are independent risk factors for intracranial atherosclerosis. Intracranial atherosclerosis can result in thromboembolism with or without hypoperfusion leading to transient or permanent cerebral ischaemic events. High rates of recurrent ischaemic stroke and other cardiovascular events mandate early diagnosis and treatment.
Source: LANCET - March 14, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Adnan I Qureshi, Louis R Caplan Tags: Seminar Source Type: research

Comment Statins: new American guidelines for prevention of cardiovascular disease
Guidelines released on Nov 13, 2013, by the American Heart Association (AHA) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC) for the management of cholesterol are a major step in the right direction. These new guidelines emphasise prevention of stroke as well as heart disease, focus appropriately on statin therapy rather than alternative unproven therapeutic agents, and recognise that more intensive treatment is superior to less intensive treatment for many patients. Furthermore, the new ACC/AHA guidelines show that for individuals in whom statin therapy is clearly indicated (such as those with previous vascular disease or LD...
Source: LANCET - November 30, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Paul M Ridker, Nancy R Cook Tags: Comment Source Type: research