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Prevalence and risk factors of stroke in high-altitude areas: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusions The findings of this study provide insights into the pooled prevalence of stroke in high-altitude areas, highlighting variations based on geographic regions and sampling type. Moreover, age, gender, hypertension and obesity were found to be associated with the occurrence of stroke. PROSPERO registration number CRD42022381541.
Source: BMJ Open - September 21, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Zheng, B., Luo, Y., Li, Y., Gu, G., Jiang, J., Chen, C., Chen, Z., Wang, J. Tags: Open access, Neurology Source Type: research

Effectiveness of internet-based and mobile-based interventions for adults with overweight or obesity experiencing symptoms of depression: a systematic review protocol
The objective of this systematic review is to summarise the effectiveness and to critically evaluate studies on IMIs addressing comorbid depressive symptoms in adults with overweight or obesity. Methods and analysis The study authors will systematically search the databases MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase and Google Scholar (for grey literature) for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of IMIs for individuals with overweight or obesity and comorbid depressive symptoms without restrictions on publication date (planned inception 1 June 2023 to 1 December 2023). Two reviewers will independently ext...
Source: BMJ Open - June 20, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Schladitz, K., Luppa, M., Riedel-Heller, S. G., Loebner, M. Tags: Open access, Mental health Source Type: research

Use of qualitative systems mapping and causal loop diagrams to understand food environments, diet and obesity: a scoping review protocol
The objectives of this review are to scope the extent and nature of studies using qualitative systems mapping to facilitate the development of CLDs by stakeholders to understand food environments, including settings and populations represented, key findings and the methodological processes employed. It also seeks to identify gaps in knowledge and implications for policy and practice. Methods and analysis This protocol describes a scoping review guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute manual, the framework by Khalil and colleagues and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scopin...
Source: BMJ Open - March 17, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Stankov, I., Henson, R. M., Headen, I., Purtle, J., Langellier, B. A. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research

Strategies and best practices that enhance participation in regular physical activities among undergraduate university students: a systematic review protocol
Introduction Physical activity has health benefits, including lowered obesity, diabetes and hypertension levels. However, participation in regular physical activities among undergraduate students is declining and, instead, physical inactivity sets the path for sedentarism. Strategies and best practices used to enhance participation in regular physical activities among undergraduate students are beneficial for mitigating sedentariness and promoting healthy lifestyles. Therefore, this study aims to present a systematic review protocol that focuses on the strategies and best practices used to enhance participation in regular ...
Source: BMJ Open - December 16, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Johannes, C., Onagbiye, S. O., Roman, N. V., Leach, L. L. Tags: Open access, Health policy Source Type: research

Dietary and/or physical activity interventions in women with overweight or obesity prior to fertility treatment: protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis
Introduction Dietary and/or physical activity interventions are often recommended for women with overweight or obesity as the first step prior to fertility treatment. However, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) so far have shown inconsistent results. Therefore, we propose this individual participant data meta-analysis (IPDMA) to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of dietary and/or physical activity interventions in women with infertility and overweight or obesity on reproductive, maternal and perinatal outcomes and to explore if there are subgroup(s) of women who benefit from each specific intervention or their combina...
Source: BMJ Open - November 7, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Evans-Hoeker, E., Wang, Z., Groen, H., Cantineau, A. E. P., Thurin-Kjellberg, A., Bergh, C., Laven, J. S. E., Dietz de Loos, A., Jiskoot, G., Baillargeon, J.-P., Palomba, S., Sim, K., Moran, L. J., Espinos, J. J., Moholdt, T., Rothberg, A. E., Shoupe, D., Tags: Open access, Reproductive medicine Source Type: research

Which physical therapy intervention is most effective in reducing secondary lymphoedema associated with breast cancer? Protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Introduction Lymphoedema associated with breast cancer is caused by an interruption of the lymphatic system, together with factors such as total mastectomy, axillary dissection, positive lymph nodes, radiotherapy, use of taxanes and obesity. Physiotherapy treatment consists of complex decongestive therapy, manual lymphatic drainage and exercises, among other interventions. Currently, there are several systematic review and randomised controlled trials that evaluate the efficacy of these interventions. However, at present, there are no studies that compare the effectiveness of all these physical therapy interventions. The p...
Source: BMJ Open - September 26, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Aguilera-Eguia, R. A., Seron, P., Gutierrez-Arias, R., Zaror, C. Tags: Open access, Rehabilitation medicine Source Type: research

Metabolic disorders and the risk of head and neck cancer: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
This study has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with study registration number CRD42021250520. This protocol has been developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guidance statement.
Source: BMJ Open - May 4, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Gormley, A., Richards, C., Spiga, F., Gray, E., Hooper, J., Main, B., Vincent, E. E., Richmond, R., Higgins, J., Gormley, M. Tags: Open access, Oncology Source Type: research

Exercise dose-response relationship with heart rate variability in individuals with overweight and obesity: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
The objective of this review is to estimate the extent to which exercise doses impacts on HRV among individuals living with overweight and obesity class I and II. Methods and analysis A systematic literature search will be performed using PubMed/Medline, Scopus, EMBASE, ProQuest, CINAHL, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library for articles dating from 1965 to December 2021. Inclusion criteria include studies designed as parallel-arm randomised trials, enrolling adolescent and adult individuals with overweight (body mass index, BMI≥25 to ≤29.9) and obesity (class I BMI: 30–34.9 and class II BMI: 35–39.9) ...
Source: BMJ Open - April 25, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Sinha, M. K., Maiya, G. A., Moga, A. M., K N, S., Shankar N, R., K, V. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors for improving endocrine and metabolic profiles in overweight and obese individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis protocol
Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous reproductive endocrine disorder. Several ongoing trials test sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors for women with PCOS. However, their effectiveness has not been fully elucidated owing to the lack of high-confidence evidence. Our group agrees with the statement that SGLT-2 inhibition could treat PCOS as it is supported by reports demonstrating the benefits of SGLT-2 inhibition on metabolic status and weight control. Moreover, the functions of chronic inflammation amelioration and cardiovascular system protection make it a more attractive candidat...
Source: BMJ Open - April 25, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Zhang, J., Xing, C., He, B. Tags: Open access, Diabetes and Endocrinology Source Type: research

Complementary feeding practices and the associated risk of childhood obesity among ethnic minority groups living in high-income countries: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction Complementary feeding (CF) is defined as the period from when exclusive breast milk and formula are no longer sufficient for meeting the infant’s nutritional needs. The CF period occurs from birth to 23 months of age. Though the recommended guidelines for introducing CF is from around 6 months of age, data indicates that some infants are introduced to food earlier than 6 months which can predispose children to obesity and overweight. Obesity in ethnic minority groups (EMG) is higher than their native counterparts and often tracks into adulthood. Hence, our aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-...
Source: BMJ Open - March 10, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Tsenoli, M., Khan, M. A. B., Östlundh, L., Arora, T., Omar, O. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research

Nutrigenetics, omega-3 and plasma lipids/lipoproteins/apolipoproteins with evidence evaluation using the GRADE approach: a systematic review
Conclusions Most evidence in this area is weak, but two specific nutrigenetic interactions exhibited strong evidence, with generalisability limited to specific populations. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020185087.
Source: BMJ Open - February 22, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Keathley, J., Garneau, V., Marcil, V., Mutch, D. M., Robitaille, J., Rudkowska, I., Sofian, G. M., Desroches, S., Vohl, M.-C. Tags: Open access, Nutrition and metabolism Source Type: research

Obesity among children and adolescents in Qatar: protocol for a scoping review
Introduction Approximately half of the school-aged children are overweight or obese in Qatar. Childhood obesity is associated with health conditions in adulthood, such as hypertension, diabetes, metabolic defects, cardiovascular risks and psychological challenges. Existing obesity studies have limitations; thus, there is a need for further research with improved quality, wider representation of population including children and adolescents and methodological diversity. As Qatar moves towards a preventive evidence-based approach in tackling obesity, this scoping review aims to support the efforts of obesity prevention among...
Source: BMJ Open - February 16, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Alisi, M. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research

Association between patient activation, self-management behaviours and clinical outcomes in adults with diabetes or related metabolic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Introduction Diabetes and related metabolic disorders such as obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a growing global issue. Equipping individuals with the necessary ‘knowledge, skills and confidence to self-manage their health’ (ie, patient activation (PAct)) may lead to improvements in health outcomes. It is unclear whether existing evidence allows us to assume a causal relationship. We aim to synthesise and critically appraise evidence on the relationship between PAct and self-management behaviours and clinical outcomes of people living with diabetes and related metabolic disorders. Methods and analy...
Source: BMJ Open - January 31, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Mueller, J., Ahern, A. L., Sharp, S. J., Richards, R., Birch, J. M., Davies, A., Griffin, S. J. Tags: Open access, Diabetes and Endocrinology Source Type: research

Diabetes, obesity, hypertension and risk of severe COVID-19: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction Previous evidence from several countries, including China, Italy, Mexico, UK and the USA, indicates that among patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were hospitalised, diabetes, obesity and hypertension might be important risk factors for severe clinical outcomes. Several preliminary systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been conducted on one or more of these non-communicable diseases, but the findings have not been definitive, and recent evidence has become available from many more populations. Thus, we aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to assess the relationship...
Source: BMJ Open - November 26, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Li, C., Islam, N., Gutierrez, J. P., Lacey, B., Moolenaar, R. L., Richter, P. Tags: Open access, Diabetes and Endocrinology, COVID-19 Source Type: research

Studying trajectories of multimorbidity: a systematic scoping review of longitudinal approaches and evidence
Conclusion The nascent research area employs a diverse range of longitudinal approaches that characterise accumulation and disease combinations and to a lesser extent disease sequencing and progression. Gaps include understanding the long-term, life course determinants of different multimorbidity trajectories, and doing so across diverse populations, including those from low-income and middle-income countries. This can provide a detailed picture of morbidity development, with important implications from a clinical and intervention perspective.
Source: BMJ Open - November 22, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Cezard, G., McHale, C. T., Sullivan, F., Bowles, J. K. F., Keenan, K. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research

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