• Filter By:
• Specialty
• Source
• Condition
• Cancer
• Infectious Disease
• Drug
• Training
• Management
• Procedure
• Therapy
• Vaccine
• Nutrition
• Country

Cathepsin H-dependent Processing of Talin Cell Biology
The cytoskeletal protein talin, an actin- and β-integrin tail-binding protein, plays an important role in cell migration by promoting integrin activation and focal adhesion formation. Here, we show that talin is a substrate for cathepsin H (CtsH), a lysosomal cysteine protease with a strong aminopeptidase activity. Purified active CtsH sequentially cleaved a synthetic peptide representing the N terminus of the talin F0 head domain. The processing of talin by CtsH was determined also in the metastatic PC-3 prostate cancer cell line, which exhibits increased expression of CtsH. The attenuation of CtsH aminopeptidase activit...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 25, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Jevnikar, Z., Ro&jnodot;nik, M., Jamnik, P., Dol&jnodot;ak, B., Fonovic, U. P., Kos, J. Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research

Type 10 Adenylyl Cyclase Controls Proliferation Signal Transduction
In conclusion, this study suggests a novel sAC-dependent signaling pathway that controls the proliferation of prostate carcinoma cells.
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 1, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Flacke, J.-P., Flacke, H., Appukuttan, A., Palisaar, R., Noldus, J., Robinson, B. D., Reusch, H. P., Zippin, J. H., Ladilov, Y. Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research

E-cadherin Expression Requires SPDEF Gene Regulation
Loss of E-cadherin is one of the key steps in tumor progression. Our previous studies demonstrate that SAM pointed domain-containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF) inhibited prostate cancer metastasis in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we evaluated the relationship between SPDEF and E-cadherin expression in an effort to better understand the mechanism of action of SPDEF in prostate tumor cell invasion and metastasis. The results presented here demonstrate a direct correlation between expression of E-cadherin and SPDEF in prostate cancer cells. Additional data demonstrate that modulation of E-cadherin and SPDEF h...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - April 26, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Pal, M., Koul, S., Koul, H. K. Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research

TR4 Promotes Chemoresistance in PCa Stem Cells Gene Regulation
Prostate cancer (PCa) stem/progenitor cells are known to have higher chemoresistance than non-stem/progenitor cells, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. We found the expression of testicular nuclear receptor 4 (TR4) is significantly higher in PCa CD133+ stem/progenitor cells compared with CD133− non-stem/progenitor cells. Knockdown of TR4 levels in the established PCa stem/progenitor cells and the CD133+ population of the C4-2 PCa cell line with lentiviral TR4 siRNA led to increased drug sensitivity to the two commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs, docetaxel and etoposide, judging from significantly re...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - June 7, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Yang, D.-R., Ding, X.-F., Luo, J., Shan, Y.-X., Wang, R., Lin, S.-J., Li, G., Huang, C.-K., Zhu, J., Chen, Y., Lee, S. O., Chang, C. Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research

Usp12 Is a Novel Positive Regulator of the AR Protein Synthesis and Degradation
In this report we demonstrate that Usp12, in complex with Uaf-1 and WDR20, deubiquitinates the AR to enhance receptor stability and transcriptional activity. Our data show that Usp12 acts in a pro-proliferative manner by stabilizing AR and enhancing its cellular function.
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - November 8, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Burska, U. L., Harle, V. J., Coffey, K., Darby, S., Ramsey, H., O'Neill, D., Logan, I. R., Gaughan, L., Robson, C. N. Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research

REPORT: Exosome-mediated Transfer of the {alpha}v{beta}6 Integrin Signal Transduction
In this study, we have investigated whether transfer of integrins through exosomes between prostate cancer (PrCa) cells occurs and whether transferred integrins promote cell adhesion and migration. Among others, we have focused on the αvβ6 integrin, which is not detectable in normal human prostate but is highly expressed in human primary PrCa as well as murine PrCa in Ptenpc−/− mice. After confirming the fidelity of the exosome preparations by electron microscopy, density gradient, and immunoblotting, we determined that the αvβ6 integrin is actively packaged into exosomes isolated from PC3 and RWPE PrCa cell lines....
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - February 20, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Fedele, C., Singh, A., Zerlanko, B. J., Iozzo, R. V., Languino, L. R. Tags: Reports Source Type: research

AMPK in TRAIL Combination-induced Apoptosis Signal Transduction
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in men with limited treatment options for the hormone-resistant forms. Development of novel therapeutic options is critically needed to target advanced forms. Here we demonstrate that combinatorial treatment with the thiazolidinedione troglitazone (TZD) and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) can induce significant apoptosis in various PCa cells independent of androgen receptor status. Because TZD is known to activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), we determined whether AMPK is a molecular target mediating this apoptotic cascade by utiliz...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - September 4, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Santha, S., Viswakarma, N., Das, S., Rana, A., Rana, B. Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research

Androgen Receptor in Telomeres DNA and Chromosomes
Androgen receptor (AR) plays a role in maintaining telomere stability in prostate cancer cells, as AR inactivation induces telomere dysfunction within 3 h. Since telomere dysfunction in other systems is known to activate ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated)-mediated DNA damage response (DDR) signaling pathways, we investigated the role of ATM-mediated DDR signaling in AR-inactivated prostate cancer cells. Indeed, the induction of telomere dysfunction in cells treated with AR-antagonists (Casodex or MDV3100) or AR-siRNA was associated with a dramatic increase in phosphorylation (activation) of ATM and its downstream effector...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - October 16, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Reddy, V., Wu, M., Ciavattone, N., McKenty, N., Menon, M., Barrack, E. R., Reddy, G. P.-V., Kim, S.-H. Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research

JunD in TGF-{beta} Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells Signal Transduction
In conclusion, we show that specific Jun family members exert differential effects on proliferation in prostate cancer cells in response to TGF-β, and inhibition of cell proliferation by TGF-β requires degradation of JunD protein.
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - August 18, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Millena, A. C., Vo, B. T., Khan, S. A. Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research

Phosphorylation of HSP90 by protein kinase A is essential for the nuclear translocation of androgen receptor Signal Transduction
The androgen receptor (AR) is often activated in prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen-ablative therapy because of the activation of cellular pathways that stimulate the AR despite low androgen levels. In many of these tumors, the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) pathway is activated. Previous studies have shown that PKA can synergize with low levels of androgen to enhance androgen signaling and consequent cell proliferation, leading to castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, the mechanism by which PKA causes AR stimulation in the presence of low/no androgen is not established yet. Here, using immunofluo...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - May 30, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Manisha Dagar, Julie Pratibha Singh, Gunjan Dagar, Rakesh K. Tyagi, Gargi Bagchi Tags: Editors ' Picks Source Type: research