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Vedolizumab Is Associated With a Lower Risk of Serious Infections Than Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Agents in Older Adults
Despite the increased numbers of older adults with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), there are few studies regarding the safety and effectiveness of IBD treatments in older adults. The aim of this study was to compare the safety and effectiveness of anti –tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α agents and vedolizumab in older adults with IBD. (Source: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology)
Source: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology - September 2, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Bharati Kochar, Virginia Pate, Michael D. Kappelman, Millie D. Long, Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan, Andrew T. Chan, Robert S. Sandler Source Type: research

Association of Incidental Positron Emission Tomography Uptake in the Esophagus to Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
The Los Angeles (LA) classification is the most accurate means of assessing esophageal injury from caustic gastric acid with focused and greater concentrations in areas of erosive disease.1 However, data from animal models and patients have proposed that an initial diffuse inflammatory pathway contributes to injury in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) mediated by interleukin (IL) 8, IL1 β,2,3 and hypoxia-inducible factors.4,5 These observations demonstrate a lymphocyte predominant inflammatory process over course of 1–2 weeks associated with basal zone hyperplasia and dilation of intercellular spaces.6 In cultured ...
Source: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology - September 2, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Amrit K. Kamboj, Siddharth Agarwal, Evelyn F. Carroll, Jason R. Young, David A. Katzka Tags: Research Letters Source Type: research

A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis for Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis Prophylaxis in the United States
Post –endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP) is the most common adverse event after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and is responsible for substantial morbidity and health care expenditures of at least $200 million. Therapies for PEP prevention include pancrea tic stent placement (PSP), rectal indomethacin, sublingual nitrates, and aggressive lactated Ringer’s hydration. Our objective was to determine which PEP prophylactic strategies are cost effective. (Source: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology)
Source: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology - September 2, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Nikhil R. Thiruvengadam, Monica Saumoy, Yecheskel Schneider, Sara Attala, Joseph Triggs, Peter Lee, Michael L. Kochman Source Type: research

Endoscopic Sphincterotomy and Post Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis: In an Era of Declining Mystery, the Unknown Persists
Endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) is a common procedure in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)-guided biliary drainage. Mastering sphincterotomy is quintessential in the learning curve of ERCP. With evolution in electrosurgical units from pure cut to endocut and use of modern sphincterotomes, the incidences of post-ERCP bleeding or pancreatitis have reduced. A recent study by Kato et  al1 showed that ES led to decreased risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis in patients with biliary strictures than those who did not have sphincterotomy (non-ES). (Source: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology)
Source: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology - September 2, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Anuraag Jena, Chhagan Lal Birda, Anupam Kumar Singh Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Risk for Post-Colonoscopy Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Patients with and without Antibiotic Exposure: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that antibiotic use in conjunction with bowel purgatives causes alterations to the gut microbiota. Because gut microbiota changes may be a trigger for the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), we sought to assess whether individuals who undergo bowel cleansing for colonoscopy and have concurrent antibiotic exposure develop IBS at higher rates than individuals who undergo colonoscopy without antibiotic exposure. (Source: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology)
Source: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology - September 2, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ravy K. Vajravelu, Jordan M. Shapiro, Josephine Ni, Shivani U. Thanawala, James D. Lewis, Hashem B. El-Serag Source Type: research