TCF-1 participates in the occurrence of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma
In conclusion, this study proved that TCF-1 participates in the dedifferentiation of DDCS, which may be mediated byrunx2 gene andsox9 gene. Also, TCF-1 can be of important prognostic value and a promising therapeutic target for DDCS patients. (Source: Tumor Biology)
Source: Tumor Biology - August 12, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
miR-101 sensitizes K562 cell line to imatinib through Jak2 downregulation and inhibition of NF- κB target genes
In this report, we proposed that miRNA-101 targets Jak2 mRNA and regulates its expression and induces K562 leukemia cell apoptosis. Here, we transduced the K562 cell line with a miR-101-overexpressing vector and evaluated the Jak2 mRNA level. Our results showed that miR-101 overexpression in Bcr–Abl+ cells reduced the Jak2 mRNA level. Moreover, imatinib treatment and miR-101 upregulation led to miR-23a overexpression, which has putative binding site(s) on 3′-untranslated regions (3′-UTRs) of STAT5, CCND1, and Bcl-2 genes. Our results also indicated that miR-101 overexpression inhibited cell proliferation indicated by...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 11, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Arsenite inhibits the function of CD133 + CD13 + liver cancer stem cells by reducing PML and Oct4 protein expression
AbstractCancer stem cells (CSCs) can form new tumors and contribute to post-operative recurrence and metastasis. We showed that CD133+CD13+ hepatocytes isolated from HuH7 cells and primary HCC cells display biochemical and functional characteristics typical of CSCs, suggesting that CD133+CD13+ hepatocytes in primary HCC tumors function as CSCs. We also found that arsenite treatment reduced the viability and stemness of CD133+CD13+ hepatocytes, enhanced the sensitivity of HuH7 cells to pirarubicin, and reduced the tumorigenicity of CD133+CD13+ hepatocytes xenografts in mice. The effects of sodium arsenite treatment in CD133...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 11, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The interaction of Wnt-11 and signalling cascades in prostate cancer
AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer among the male population. Conventional therapies target androgen signalling, which drives tumour growth; however, they provide limited survival benefits for patients. It is essential, therefore, to develop a more specific biomarker than the current gold standard, PSA testing. The Wnt signalling pathway induces expression of target genes through cell surface receptors. A non-canonical member of this family, Wnt-11, is evolutionarily highly conserved and is normally expressed by various cells in the developing embryo, as well as in the heart, liver and skeletal ...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 10, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Experimental verification of a predicted novel microRNA located in human PIK3CA gene with a potential oncogenic function in colorectal cancer
AbstractPI3K/AKT signaling is involved in cell survival, proliferation, and migration. In this pathway, PI3K α enzyme is composed of a regulatory protein encoded by p85 gene and a catalytic protein encoded byPIK3CA gene. HumanPIK3CA locus is amplified in several cancers including lung and colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, microRNAs (miRNAs) that are encoded within the PIK3CA gene might have a role in cancer development. Here, we report a novel microRNA named PIK3CA-miR1 (EBI accession no. LN626315), which is located within PIK3CA gene. A DNA segment corresponding to PIK3CA-premir1 sequence was transfected in human cell ...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 9, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Overall survival of cancer patients with serum lactate dehydrogenase greater than 1000 IU/L
In conclusion, serum LDH level > 1000 IU/L predicted a terminal stage in metastatic cancer patients. OS was significantly prolonged in patients indicated for effective palliative treatment and LDH level decreased to normal at 2 months. (Source: Tumor Biology)
Source: Tumor Biology - August 9, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Characterization of cancer stem cells from different grades of human colorectal cancer
In this study, we investigated a panel of four putative CSC markers, CD44, CD24, CD166, and EpCAM, to define CRC-CSC. Paraffin embedded tissue samples from different grades of primary, untreated CRC were analyzed for the expression of four CSC markers CD44, CD326, CD24, and CD166, using immunohistochemistry. Flow cytometric analysis of CRC-CSC from HT29 (low grade) and HCT116 (high grade) human colorectal cancer cell lines was done. Marker-based isolation of CSC and non-CSC-bulk-tumor cells from HT29 was done using FACS, and tumor sphere assay was performed. There was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.0...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
NKD1 correlates with a poor prognosis and inhibits cell proliferation by inducing p53 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma
AbstractNaked cuticle 1 (NKD1), a negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway, is abnormally expressed in many types of malignant tumors. Yet the role and mechanism of NKD1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell proliferation and its relationship with HCC patients ’ prognosis have been poorly characterized. In the present study, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to examine the mRNA expression patterns of NKD1 in the tissues of 60 patients with HCC and corresponding adjacent non-tumor tissues and found that NKD1 mRNA expression in HCC tissue s was relatively lower than that in non-tumor tissues and ne...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Violacein induces death of RAS-mutated metastatic melanoma by impairing autophagy process
AbstractTreatment of metastatic melanoma still remains a challenge, since in advanced stage it is refractory to conventional treatments. Most patients with melanoma have either B-RAF or N-RAS mutations, and these oncogenes lead to activation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK and AKT signal pathway, keeping active the proliferation and survival pathways in the cell. Therefore, the identification of small molecules that block metastatic cell proliferation and induce cell death is needed. Violacein, a pigment produced byChromobacterium violaceum found in Amazon River, has been used by our group as abiotool for scrutinizing signaling pat...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 7, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
MiRNA expression profiling in human gliomas: upregulated miR-363 increases cell survival and proliferation
AbstractThe role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in glioma biology is increasingly recognized. To investigate the regulatory mechanisms governing the malignant signature of gliomas with different grades of malignancy, we analyzed miRNA expression profiles in human grade I –IV tumor samples and primary glioma cell cultures. Multiplex real-time PCR was used to profile miRNA expression in a set of World Health Organization (WHO) grade I (pilocytic astrocytoma), II (diffuse fibrillary astrocytoma), and IV (glioblastoma multiforme) astrocytic tumors and primary glioma c ell cultures. Primary glioma cell cultures were used to evaluate t...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 5, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Depletion of Dicer promotes epithelial ovarian cancer progression by elevating PDIA3 expression
AbstractDicer is an essential component of the microRNA (miRNA) processing machinery whose low expression is associated with advanced stage and poor clinical outcome in epithelial ovarian cancer. To investigate the functional relevance of Dicer in epithelial ovarian cancer and to identify its downstream effectors, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry was used for proteomic profiling. Dicer depletion promoted ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration accompanied by a global upregulation of proteins. Twenty-six proteins, 7 upregulated and 19 downregulated, were identified. The functions o...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 4, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Quercetin modulates Wnt signaling components in prostate cancer cell line by inhibiting cell viability, migration, and metastases
AbstractEpithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a plastic transition in tumor progression during which cancer cells undergo dramatic changes acquiring highly invasive properties. Transforming growth factor- β (TGF-β) is an inducer of EMT in epithelial cells and is obligatory for acquiring invasive phenotype in carcinoma. TGF-β plays a vital role in metastasis and tumorigenesis in prostate cancer, and mutations in the components of Wnt signaling pathways are associated with various kinds of cancers i ncluding prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to identify alterations in Wnt signaling pathway components inv...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 4, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
MicroRNA-137 represses FBI-1 to inhibit proliferation and in vitro invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells
AbstractThe pro-oncogene factor that binds to inducer of short transcripts-1 (FBI-1), which is encoded byZBTB7A gene and belongs to POK (POZ/BTB and Kr Üppel) protein family, has been shown to enhance hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells proliferation and multi-drug resistance (MDR) process. However, the possibility that FBI-1 is a therapeutic target for further HCC treatment remains poorly determined. In the current study, two microRNA (miRNA) ta rget prediction programs (TargetScan and MiRanda) were used to identify miR-137 as a potential regulator of FBI-1. Our results showed that expression of miR-137 was downregulate...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 3, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
MicroRNA target for MACC1 and CYR61 to inhibit tumor growth in mice with colorectal cancer
In conclusion, the abilities of apoptosis, metastasis, and invasion in CRC tumor cells were significantly suppressed by miRNA-100 and miRNA-143 targeting CYR61 and MACC1, respectively. As a result, CYR61 and MACC1 may serve as potential targets for gene therapy in human CRC treatments. (Source: Tumor Biology)
Source: Tumor Biology - August 3, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Fibroblast activation protein alpha is expressed by transformed and stromal cells and is associated with mesenchymal features in glioblastoma
AbstractGlioblastomas are deadly neoplasms resistant to current treatment modalities. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a protease which is not expressed in most of the normal adult tissues but is characteristically present in the stroma of extracranial malignancies. FAP is considered a potential therapeutic target and is associated with a worse patient outcome in some cancers. The FAP localization in the glioma microenvironment and its relation to patient survival are unknown. By analyzing 56 gliomas and 15 non-tumorous brain samples, we demonstrate increased FAP expression in a subgroup of high-grade gliomas, in par...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 3, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
