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The association between female genital fistula symptoms and gender ‐based violence: A multicountry secondary analysis of household survey data
ConclusionsThe increased risk of physical and sexual violence among women with fistula symptoms suggests that fistula programmes should incorporate GBV into provider training and services. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - December 15, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Lindsay Mallick, Vandana Tripathi Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Factors for incomplete adherence to antiretroviral therapy including drug refill and clinic visits among older adults living with HIV – cross sectional study in South Africa
ConclusionMissing a clinic visit was more common among older PLHIV who were more financially vulnerable. Further studies are needed to verify these findings and identify new risk factors associated with ART adherence.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - December 15, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Abbie Barry, Nathan Ford, Ziad El ‐Khatib Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Factors associated with the delay of diagnosis of leprosy in northeastern Colombia: a quantitative analysis
ConclusionsOur study found a significant delay in diagnosis of leprosy in northeastern Colombia, which might explain the continuously high rate of DG2 among new cases being notified in the country. Both patient‐ and health system‐related factors were associated with longer diagnostic delay. Interventions to increase awareness of disease among the general population and timely referral to a specialized health professional are urgently needed in our study setting.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - December 12, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Libardo G ómez, Alberto Rivera, Yesenia Vidal, Jorge Bilbao, Christa Kasang, Sandra Parisi, Eva‐Maria Schwienhorst‐Stich, Karl Philipp Puchner Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Sustained adoption of water, sanitation and hygiene interventions: systematic review
ConclusionsIdeally, an evaluation should specify the project period and describe the context surrounding adoption, make measurements at multiple time points, diversify measurement methods and describe and measure a range of factors affecting sustained adoption. Additional consideration needs to be given to developing behaviour change models that emphasise factors related to sustained adoption, and how they differ from those related to initial adoption. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - December 8, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Nina A. Martin, Kristyna R. S. Hulland, Robert Dreibelbis, Farhana Sultana, Peter J. Winch Tags: Systematic Review Source Type: research

Low sensitivity and frequent cross ‐reactions in commercially available antibody detection ELISA assays for Taenia solium cysticercosis
ConclusionsThe performance of Novalisa® and Ridascreen® was poor. Antibody ELISA detection cannot be recommended for the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - December 7, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Hector H. Garcia, Yesenia Castillo, Isidro Gonzales, Javier A. Bustos, Herbert Saavedra, Louis Jacob, Oscar H. Del Brutto, Patricia P. Wilkins, Armando E. Gonzalez, Robert H. Gilman, Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Neurodevelopmental outcome of HIV ‐exposed but uninfected infants in the Mother and Infants Health Study, Cape Town, South Africa
ConclusionsAlthough findings on the early neurodevelopmental outcome of HEU infants are reassuring, minor differences in vocalisation and on neurological examination indicate a need for reassessment at a later age. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - December 7, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Priscilla E. Springer, Amy L. Slogrove, Barbara Laughton, Julie A. Bettinger, Henri ëtte H. Saunders, Christopher D. Molteno, Mariana Kruger Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Can Escherichia coli fly? The role of flies as transmitters of E. coli to food in an urban slum in Bangladesh
ConclusionFlies may transmit large quantities of E. coli to food under field settings. The findings highlight the importance of implementing control measures to minimise exposure of food to flies to ensure food safety. Fly control measures should be considered for the prevention of diarrhoeal diseases caused by E. coli. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - December 7, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Yrja Lisa Lindeberg, Karen Egedal, Zenat Zebin Hossain, Matthew Phelps, Suhella Tulsiani, Israt Farhana, Anowara Begum, Peter Kj ær Mackie Jensen Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Prevalence and characterisation of Staphylococcus aureus causing community ‐acquired skin and soft tissue infections on Java and Bali, Indonesia
ConclusionsCommunity‐acquired SSTI in Indonesia was frequently caused by PVL‐positive MSSA, and the hospital‐associated ST239‐MRSA may have spread from the hospital into the community. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - December 4, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Dewi Santosaningsih, Sanarto Santoso, Nanik Setijowati, Harun A. Rasyid, Nyoman S. Budayanti, Ketut Suata, Dicky B. Widhyatmoko, Priyo B. Purwono, Kuntaman Kuntaman, Damayanti Damayanti, Cita R. S. Prakoeswa, Mitchell Laurens, Josephine W. I. van Nierop, Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Tropical Medicine & International Health
(Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - December 3, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Tags: Feature Page Source Type: research

Peg ‐interferon and ribavirin treatment in HIV/HCV co‐infected patients in Thailand: efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics
ConclusionsPR treatment has comparable response rates and toxicity profile in Thai HIV/HCV co‐infected patients as in Western HIV/HCV patients. However, ribavirin plasma concentrations were comparable with previously published studies in HIV/HCV co‐infected patients, but both, just as SVR‐rate, were lower than in mono‐infected patients.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - December 1, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: E. J Smolders, N Thammajaruk, C. T. M. M de Kanter, A. Colbers, P. Chaiyahong, T. Cuprasitrut, S. Chittmittraprap, T. Apornpong, S. Khemnark, P. Tangkijvanich, D. M. Burger, A. Avihingsanon, Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Predictive value of C ‐reactive protein for tuberculosis, bloodstream infection or death among HIV‐infected individuals with chronic, non‐specific symptoms and negative sputum smear microscopy
ConclusionHigh CRP at the time of ART initiation is associated with TB, BSI and early mortality, and so has potential utility for stratifying patients for intensified clinical and laboratory investigation and follow‐up. They may also be considered for empirical treatment of opportunistic infections including TB.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - December 1, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Richard A. Bedell, Monique van Lettow, Christopher Meaney, Elizabeth L. Corbett, Adrienne K. Chan, Robert S. Heyderman, Suzanne T. Anderson, Ann Åkesson, Moses Kumwenda, Rony Zachariah, Anthony D. Harries, Andrew R. Ramsay Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Physical activity level among children recovering from severe acute malnutrition
ConclusionThe level of physical activity at discharge among children treated for SAM was low. WHZ, MUAC and DHA on admission were positive predictors of physical activity whereas duration of stabilization and hospitalization were negative predictors of physical activity. These results suggest that assessment of physical activity may be used as a marker of recovery.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - December 1, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Esther Babirekere ‐Iriso, Maren Johanne Heilskov Rytter, Hanifa Namusoke, Ezekiel Mupere, Kim F. Michaelsen, Søren Brage, Ken D. Stark, Lotte Lauritzen, André Briend, Henrik Friis, Daniel Faurholt‐Jepsen Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Poor continuity of care for TB diagnosis and treatment in Zambian Prisons: a situation analysis
ConclusionsWeak health care within the Zambian prison service currently undermines continuity of care, despite intensive TB screening and case finding interventions. In order to prevent TB transmission and the development of drug resistance, we need sufficient numbers of competent staff for health care, reliable health information systems including electronic record keeping for prison facilities, and standard operating procedures to guide surveillance, case‐finding and timely treatment initiation and completion.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - December 1, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: S. Hatwiinda, S. M. Topp, M. Siyambango, J. B. Harris, K. R. Maggard, C. Chileshe, N. Kapata, S. E. Reid, G. Henostroza Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Efavirenz is related to neuropsychiatric symptoms among adults, but not among adolescents living with HIV in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
ConclusionsIn line with previous studies, EFV is associated with depressive symptoms and problematic alcohol use among HIV‐infected adults in Tanzania. In contrast, EFV was associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms in adolescents in Tanzania. Particularly among adults, close monitoring of depressive symptoms and alcohol use is indicated.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - December 1, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Marion Sumari ‐de Boer, Arnt Schellekens, Ashanti Duinmaijer, Julieth Munisi Lalashowi, Happiness Judical Swai, Quirijn de Mast, Andre van der Ven, Grace Kinabo Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Ultrasound findings and associated factors to morbidity in Schistosoma haematobium infection in a highly endemic setting
ConclusionsSevere urinary tract pathology was found in a high percentage of the children in our setting. Microhaematuria and proteinuria were good markers of morbidity, proteinuria being more precise for severe alterations of the upper urinary tract. We suggest initial and evolutive ultrasound in children diagnosed with schistosomiasis, and close monitoring including periodic controls. As schistosomiasis control efforts are currently focused on reducing morbidity, tests that detect the presence or degree of morbidity are essential for targeting treatment and tracking the progress of control campaigns.This article is protec...
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - December 1, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Cristina Bocanegra Garc ía, Zeferino Pintar, Xavier Serres, Jacobo Mendioroz, Milagros Moreno, Sara Gallego, Teresa López, Antoni Soriano‐Arandes, Maria Luisa Aznar, Nicolau Sikaleta, Eva Gil, Fernando Salvador, Israel Molina Tags: Original Article Source Type: research