[Corrections] Corrections
Ladhani S N, Collins S, Djennad A, et al. Rapid increase in non-vaccine serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease in England and Wales, 2000 –17: a prospective national observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis 2018; published online Jan 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30052-5—In figure 2 of the appendix, the panel incorrectly labelled ST7F should have been labelled ST9N. This correction has been made in the online ve rsion as of Feb 6, 2018. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 6, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Corrections Source Type: research
[Articles] Origins of the current outbreak of multidrug-resistant malaria in southeast Asia: a retrospective genetic study
The KEL1/PLA1 co-lineage emerged in the same year that dihydroartemisinin –piperaquine became the first-line antimalarial drug in western Cambodia and spread rapidly thereafter, displacing other artemisinin-resistant parasite lineages. These findings have important implications for management of the global health risk associated with the current outbreak of multidrug-re sistant malaria in southeast Asia. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 1, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Roberto Amato, Richard D Pearson, Jacob Almagro-Garcia, Chanaki Amaratunga, Pharath Lim, Seila Suon, Sokunthea Sreng, Eleanor Drury, Jim Stalker, Olivo Miotto, Rick M Fairhurst, Dominic P Kwiatkowski Tags: Articles Source Type: research
[Comment] Multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in the Greater Mekong subregion
Over the past decade, the burden of malaria has been greatly reduced in the Greater Mekong subregion, although artemisinin-resistant parasites have emerged,1,2 and high rates of treatment failure on dihydroartemisinin –piperaquine have been reported in Cambodia since 2012.3–7 Unsurprisingly, this situation is linked to the aggressive strategies implemented in this region to eliminate malaria and the inevitable massive reduction in the Plasmodium falciparum parasite population, leading to selection of best-ada pted, multidrug-resistant parasites. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - February 1, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Didier M énard, Jérôme Clain, Frédéric Ariey Tags: Comment Source Type: research
[Series] Treatment of uncomplicated and severe malaria during pregnancy
Over the past 10 years, the available evidence on the treatment of malaria during pregnancy has increased substantially. Owing to their relative ease of use, good sensitivity and specificity, histidine rich protein 2 based rapid diagnostic tests are appropriate for symptomatic pregnant women; however, such tests are less appropriate for systematic screening because they will not detect an important proportion of infections among asymptomatic women. The effect of pregnancy on the pharmacokinetics of antimalarial drugs varies greatly between studies and class of antimalarial drugs, emphasising the need for prospective studie...
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 30, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Umberto D'Alessandro, Jenny Hill, Joel Tarning, Christopher Pell, Jayne Webster, Julie Gutman, Esperanca Sevene Tags: Series Source Type: research
[Series] Prevention of malaria in pregnancy
Malaria remains one of the most preventable causes of adverse birth outcomes. Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) with sulfadoxine –pyrimethamine is used to prevent malaria, but resistance to this drug combination has decreased its efficacy and new alternatives are needed. In Africa, a meta-analysis showed three-course or monthly IPTp with sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine to be safe and more effective than the original two-course sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine strategy, prompting WHO to update its policy in 2012. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 30, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Meghna Desai, Jenny Hill, Silke Fernandes, Patrick Walker, Christopher Pell, Julie Gutman, Kassoum Kayentao, Raquel Gonzalez, Jayne Webster, Brian Greenwood, Michel Cot, Feiko O ter Kuile Tags: Series Source Type: research
[Series] Burden, pathology, and costs of malaria in pregnancy: new developments for an old problem
Over the past 10 years, knowledge of the burden, economic costs, and consequences of malaria in pregnancy has improved, and the prevalence of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum has declined substantially in some geographical areas. In particular, studies outside of Africa have increased the evidence base of Plasmodium vivax in pregnancy. Rapid diagnostic tests have been poor at detecting malaria in pregnant women, while PCR has shown a high prevalence of low density infection, the clinical importance of which is unknown. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 30, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Stephen J Rogerson, Meghna Desai, Alfredo Mayor, Elisa Sicuri, Steve M Taylor, Anna M van Eijk Tags: Series Source Type: research
[Comment] Putting malaria in pregnancy back in the spotlight
In 2007 The Lancet Infectious Diseases published a special issue focussing on malaria in pregnancy. This highlighted that slow progress on prevention was being made at the time and that there were many research gaps needing to be addressed. A decade later we update readers with a new Series of three reports covering the burden, pathology, costs, prevention, and treatment of uncomplicated and severe malaria during pregnancy. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 30, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Onisillos Sekkides Tags: Comment Source Type: research
[Newsdesk] A colistin crisis in India
Despite some global progress in limiting the use of antimicrobials in animals, inappropriate colistin use is still widespread. Madlen Davies and Timothy R Walsh report. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 30, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Madlen Davies, Timothy R Walsh Tags: Newsdesk Source Type: research
[Comment] WHO Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System early implementation 2016 –17
On Oct 22, 2015, WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS), the first global collaborative effort to standardise antimicrobial resistance surveillance.1 GLASS supports the strategic objective of WHO's Global Action Plan on antimicrobial resistance to strengthen the evidence base.2 GLASS provides a standardised approach to the collection, analysis, and sharing of antimicrobial resistance data by countries, and seeks to document the status of existing or newly developed national surveillance systems. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 29, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Barbara Tornimbene, Sergey Eremin, Martina Escher, Jolanta Griskeviciene, Sapna Manglani, Carmem Lucia Pessoa-Silva Tags: Comment Source Type: research
[Clinical Picture] Vascular infection and vertebral destruction in a patient with Q fever
A 66-year-old man presented with lumbar pain and low-grade fever that had persisted for 2 months. 5 years before this admission, he had been treated for an abdominal aortic aneurysm with an aortic stent graft. Clinical examination and inflammatory biomarkers were normal. A CT scan revealed bilateral paravertebral and psoas muscle abscesses (figure), spondylitis with destruction of the second and third lumbar vertebral bodies (figure), and a distal migration of the stent, which was embedded in the third lumbar vertebral body (appendix). (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 26, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Nicolas Mongardon, Arnaud Dubory, Amandine Dorget, Geoffroy De Wailly, Rapha ël Lepeule, Frédéric Cochennec Tags: Clinical Picture Source Type: research
[Clinical Picture] Upbeat nystagmus in an HIV-positive patient with a tuberculoma in the medulla
A 33-year-old woman, with HIV infection (CD4 count of 13 cells per μL; viral load of 1·2 × 106 copies per mL) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis diagnosed 2 months before, presented to the National Institutes of Health (Bethesda, MD, USA). On arrival, she was on a regimen of antituberculosis drugs (rifampicin 600 mg, ethambutol 1200 mg, and pyrazinamide 1500 mg orally daily), but had not begun antiretroviral therapy (ART). About the time of ART initiation (dolutegravir 50 mg and emtricitabine 200 mg plus tenofovir 300 mg orally daily), she complained of severe nausea and tests for gastrointestinal causes (oesophagogastr...
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 26, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Benjamin W Coleman, Irini Sereti, Rachel Bishop, Bryan R Smith Tags: Clinical Picture Source Type: research
[Media Watch] Twitter big data and infectious disease conferences
Public health and communicable diseases are closely linked, from the planning, delivery, and evaluation of vaccination programmes to responding to cases and outbreaks of familiar and emerging infections. However, many professionals (myself included) are only involved in the health protection role during periods on call, so there is the need to remain up to date through training and education. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 26, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Graham Mackenzie Tags: Media Watch Source Type: research
[Media Watch] The legacy of HIV on Ugandan families
It has fallen on the older generation to alleviate the HIV pandemic's ravages in Uganda. “In the age of HIV/AIDS, which has claimed not only parents but also aunts and uncles, grandparents—and particularly grandmothers—are increasingly becoming the long-term caregivers for their grandchildren, and even their brothers' and sisters' grandchildren”, explains Kristen Cheney in her n ew book Crying For Our Elders. “In fact, most families' ranks have been so depleted by disease and economic hardship that there are few other options than to place orphaned children with grandparents.” (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 26, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Talha Burki Tags: Media Watch Source Type: research
[Newsdesk] Research brief
Infection with simian immuno-deficiency virus (SIV) progresses to AIDS in macaques, making them a great model for understanding HIV. However, in other monkeys that are natural hosts for the virus, such as sooty managabeys, infection is non-pathogenic despite high viraemia. An improved understanding of how a virus and a monkey peacefully coexist could help to identify ways to improve long-term care of people with HIV infection, reduce vertical HIV transmission, or develop an HIV vaccine. Whole-genome sequencing of sooty mangabeys has identified two differences in immune proteins that could help these primates to avoid AIDS:...
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 26, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Dara Mohammadi Tags: Newsdesk Source Type: research
[Newsdesk] Infectious disease surveillance update
Since Oct 6, 2017, 2047 cases of cholera have been reported by the Zambian Ministry of Health, including 50 deaths as of Jan 4, 2018. 2000 of these cases have been reported in Lusaka province; which also accounts for 47 of the reported deaths. The military has been helping to control the outbreak by conducting clean-up operations. In addition to a vaccination programme and health promotion initiatives, the 2018 school calendar has been postponed nationally to reduce transmission and allow time for water and sanitation facilities to be assessed. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - January 26, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ruth Zwizwai Tags: Newsdesk Source Type: research
