Antimicrobial Resistance Among Nontyphoidal Salmonella Isolated From Blood in the United States, 2003-2013
Conclusions. Resistance to first-line treatment agents in patients with Salmonella bacteremia is a concern for public health and for informing clinical decisions. Judicious antimicrobial use is crucial to limit resistance. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Angelo, K. M., Reynolds, J., Karp, B. E., Hoekstra, R. M., Scheel, C. M., Friedman, C. Tags: BACTERIA Source Type: research
Nitric Oxide-Dependent Endothelial Dysfunction and Reduced Arginine Bioavailability in Plasmodium vivax Malaria but No Greater Increase in Intravascular Hemolysis in Severe Disease
Conclusions. Endothelial function is impaired in nonsevere and severe vivax malaria, is associated with reduced L-arginine bioavailability, and may contribute to microvascular pathogenesis. Severe disease appears to be more associated with extravascular hemolysis than with intravascular hemolysis. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Barber, B. E., William, T., Grigg, M. J., Piera, K. A., Chen, Y., Wang, H., Weinberg, J. B., Yeo, T. W., Anstey, N. M. Tags: PARASITES Source Type: research
T-Cell Immunoglobulin- and Mucin-Domain-Containing Molecule 3 Signaling Blockade Improves Cell-Mediated Immunity Against Malaria
In conclusion, Tim-3 on immune cells negatively regulates cell-mediated immunity against Plasmodium infection, and blocking Tim-3 signaling enhances sterile immunity and may play a protective role during malarial parasite infections. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Hou, N., Zou, Y., Piao, X., Liu, S., Wang, L., Li, S., Chen, Q. Tags: PARASITES Source Type: research
Naturally Acquired Binding-Inhibitory Antibodies to Plasmodium vivax Duffy Binding Protein and Clinical Immunity to Malaria in Rural Amazonians
Conclusions. Strong naturally acquired BIAb responses are associated with a reduced risk of clinical P. vivax malaria in rural Amazonians. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Nicolete, V. C., Frischmann, S., Barbosa, S., King, C. L., Ferreira, M. U. Tags: PARASITES Source Type: research
A Subset of Neutrophils Expressing Markers of Antigen-Presenting Cells in Human Visceral Leishmaniasis
Conclusions. Patients with acute VL have expanded circulating low-density neutrophils expressing markers of antigen presentation, which diminish after treatment. Development of HLA-DR+ neutrophils is stimulated, at least in part, by components of plasma from patients with acute disease. Although we found no evidence that they act as antigen-presenting cells, these neutrophils expressed markers implicating a role in T-cell exhaustion. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sharma, S., Davis, R. E., Srivastva, S., Nylen, S., Sundar, S., Wilson, M. E. Tags: PARASITES Source Type: research
HIV Suppression Restores the Lung Mucosal CD4+ T-Cell Viral Immune Response and Resolves CD8+ T-Cell Alveolitis in Patients at Risk for HIV-Associated Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Discussion. Together, our results demonstrate that HIV suppression restores lung mucosal HIV-specific CD4+ T-cell multifunctional immunity and balance in the ratio of CD4+ T cells to CD8+ T cells, often resolving CD8+ T-cell alveolitis in active smokers. Peripheral expansion and redistribution of CD4+ T cells and increased resistance to apoptosis are 2 mechanisms contributing to immunologic improvement following viral suppression in patients at risk for HIV-associated COPD. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Popescu, I., Drummond, M. B., Gama, L., Lambert, A., Hoji, A., Coon, T., Merlo, C. A., Wise, R. A., Keruly, J., Clements, J. E., Kirk, G. D., McDyer, J. F. Tags: HIV/AIDS Source Type: research
HIV-1-RNA Decay and Dolutegravir Concentrations in Semen of Patients Starting a First Antiretroviral Regimen
Conclusions. DTG concentrations in SP are sufficient to contribute to rapid seminal HIV-1 RNA suppression. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Imaz, A., Martinez-Picado, J., Niubo, J., Kashuba, A. D. M., Ferrer, E., Ouchi, D., Sykes, C., Rozas, N., Acerete, L., Curto, J., Vila, A., Podzamczer, D. Tags: HIV/AIDS Source Type: research
Human Infections by Non-Rodent-Associated Hantaviruses in Africa
In this study, using newly established serological assays, we demonstrated evidence of shrew-borne hantavirus infections in humans from Côte d'Ivoire and Gabon. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Heinemann, P., Tia, M., Alabi, A., Anon, J.-C., Auste, B., Essbauer, S., Gnionsahe, A., Kigninlman, H., Klempa, B., Kraef, C., Kruger, N., Leendertz, F. H., Ndhatz-Sanogo, M., Schaumburg, F., Witkowski, P. T., Akoua-Koffi, C. G., Kruger, D. H. Tags: VIRUSES Source Type: research
Single-Dose Hepatitis A Immunization: 7.5-Year Observational Pilot Study in Nicaraguan Children to Assess Protective Effectiveness and Humoral Immune Memory Response
Conclusions. In children living in hyperendemic settings, a single dose of virosomal HAV vaccine is sufficient to activate immune memory and may provide long-term protection. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Mayorga, O., Bühler, S., Jaeger, V. K., Bally, S., Hatz, C., Frösner, G., Protzer, U., Van Damme, P., Egger, M., Herzog, C. Tags: VIRUSES Source Type: research
Viral and Host Responses After Stopping Long-term Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Therapy in HBeAg-Negative Chronic Hepatitis B
This prospective study investigated viral and host markers after stopping long-term therapy with nucleos(t)ide analogues in noncirrhotic patients with hepatitis B e antigen–negative chronic hepatitis B. After stopping therapy, 13 of 15 patients experienced a virological relapse. Rebound of hepatitis B virus DNA and hepatitis B core-related antigen was associated with induction of plasma tumor necrosis factor, interleukin (IL) 10 , IL-12p70, CXCL10 and subsequent decline in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), with 20% HBsAg loss after long-term follow-up. The peak levels of hepatitis B virus DNA and hepatitis B core-...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Höner zu Siederdissen, C., Rinker, F., Maasoumy, B., Wiegand, S. B., Filmann, N., Falk, C. S., Deterding, K., Port, K., Mix, C., Manns, M. P., Herrmann, E., Wedemeyer, H., Kraft, A. R. M., Cornberg, M. Tags: VIRUSES Source Type: research
A Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Elicits Broad Neutralizing Antibody Responses in Humans to All Chikungunya Virus Genotypes
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus that has emerged as a global health burden. There are 3 CHIKV genotypes: Asian, West African, and Eastern/Central/South African. No licensed CHIKV vaccine is available, and whether the antibody response elicited by one genotype can neutralize heterologous genotypes is unclear. We assessed neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses of volunteers in a phase 1 study of a CHIKV vaccine against 9 viral strains representing all 3 genotypes. Minimal differences in vaccine-elicited NAb responses were observed among genotypes, suggesting that vaccination with a single CHIKV strain can elicit cr...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Goo, L., Dowd, K. A., Lin, T.-Y., Mascola, J. R., Graham, B. S., Ledgerwood, J. E., Pierson, T. C. Tags: VIRUSES Source Type: research
Seasonal Influenza Vaccination of Children Induces Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immunity Beyond the Current Season: Cross-reactivity With Past and Future Strains
Conclusions. Seasonal influenza viruses continuously drift, which allows them to circumvent protective immunity, but conserved epitopes provide immunological cross-reactivity in children through either vaccination directly or through prime/boost in the prior influenza season. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Reber, A. J., Kim, J. H., Coleman, L. A., Spencer, S. M., Chung, J. R., Chen, J., Gargiullo, P., Sundaram, M. E., Belongia, E. A., Shay, D. K., Katz, J. M., Sambhara, S. Tags: VIRUSES Source Type: research
Semen as the Way Forward to Understand HIV-1 Transmission
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Coombs, R. W., Krieger, J. N. Tags: EDITORIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Challenges Remain for Influenza Vaccination of Children
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Edwards, K. M., Keitel, W. A. Tags: EDITORIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Ebola Virus RNA in the Semen of Male Survivors of Ebola Virus Disease: The Uncertain Gravitas of a Privileged Persistence
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 27, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Crozier, I. Tags: EDITORIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
