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In vivo study of a homeopathic medicine against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus in dairy cow
This study evaluated the efficacy of a homeopathic preparation to control natural tick infestations. The evaluations were conducted with 24 taurine dairy cows during 12 months. The homeopathic medicine (30 CH + Sulfur 30 CH) was administered in a proportion of 1:100 (v/w) in a formulation with sugar, added to 30 kg of mineral salt. This preparation was supplied along with concentrated feed (2 kg/animal/day). The control group received the same feed mixture without the medicine. The groups were kept in separate paddocks. Data were collected on body weight, packed cell volume and number of engorged female ticks on each anima...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

In vivo anti-arthritic and antioxidant effects from the standardized ethanolic extract of Moussonia deppeana
ABSTRACT Moussonia deppeana (Schltdl.& Cham.) Klotzsch ex Hanst., Gesneriaceae, known as tlachichinole, is a Mexican medicinal plant used for treatment of chronic inflammation-related diseases such as arthritis. In this paper, the main metabolite verbascoside was quantified in ethanolic extract; anti-arthritic and antioxidant activities were also evaluated in Complete Freund's Adjuvant induced arthritis in mice, with complete hematological evaluation, and oxidative stress measure in edema and ganglionic tissues on day 28. In popliteal ganglion, CD4+ lymphocytes and tumor necrosis factor alpha concentration were measure...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Zornioside, a dihydrochalcone C-glycoside, and other compounds from Zornia brasiliensis
ABSTRACT The secondary metabolites of the aerial parts of Zornia brasiliensis Vogel, Fabaceae, and the biological activity of one of these secondary metabolites were characterized in this study. A phytochemical investigation was performed using chromatographic techniques including analytical and preparative reverse-phase HPLC column sequences, which resulted in the isolation of fourteen compounds: one previously undescribed C-glycosylated dihydrochalcone (zornioside), one cyclitol (D-pinitol), one glycosylated megastigmane (roseoside) and eleven phenolic compounds: 7-methoxyflavanone, 7,4'-dimethoxyisoflavone, medicarpin, ...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Comparison of bioactive compounds content in leaf extracts of Passiflora incarnata, P. caerulea and P. alata and in vitro cytotoxic potential on leukemia cell lines
ABSTRACT Passiflora caerulea L., P. alata Curtis and P. incarnata L. (synonym for P. edulis Sims), are the most popular representatives of the Passiflora genus in South America. In recent years, a growing attention is paid to the biological activity and phytochemical profiles of crude extracts from various species of Passiflora in worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate and to compare of anti-leukemic activity of the dry crude extracts from leaves of three Passiflora species from greenhouse of Poland in two human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines: CCRF-CEM and its multidrug resistant variant. Two systems of ...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Artichoke edible parts are hepatoprotective as commercial leaf preparation
ABSTRACT Chemical profile analyses of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L., Asteraceae) edible parts (fleshy receptacle, inner bracts) as well as roots are compared with the commercially usable leaf extract using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS via chlorogenicacid as a marker. Overall polyphenolic constituents demonstrated by means of LC/MS profiling. The nutritional values and inulin contents of different assessed parts were investigated. The present study was designed to determine the effect of artichoke: leaves, bracts, receptacles and roots alcoholic extracts against CCl4-induced acute hepatotoxicity and hyperlipidemia in rats by means of hi...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Simultaneous determination of six bioactive components of total flavonoids of Scorzonera austriaca in rat tissues by LC-MS/MS: application to a tissue distribution study
ABSTRACT A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of six bioactive constituents including vitexin, orientin, isoorientin, 2"-O- β -D-xylopyranosyl isoorientin, 2"-O- β -D-xylopyranosyl isovitexin, and 6-C-L- α -arabipyranosyl vitexin in rats ’ various tissues using isoquercitrin as the internal standard. Biological samples were pretreated by protein precipitation with acetonitrile. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a C18 column with a gradient mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous formic acid. All analytes and int...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Optimization of baicalin water extraction process from Scutellaria baicalensis (a traditional Chinese medicine) by using orthogonal test and HPLC
In this study, we optimized the baicalin water extraction process from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Lamiaceae (a traditional Chinese medicine). Orthogonal test design L9(3)4 was used to analyze the optimization of water extraction process of baicalin from S. baicalensis. The effect of solid – liquid ratio, extraction time and soaking time on the yield of baicalin were investigated and optimized by orthogonal test. High-performance liquid chromatography was employed for the determination of extraction yield of baicalin. Analysis of variance was carried out to study the effects of the above three factors. The results sh...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Optimization of extraction method and HPLC analysis of six caffeoylquinic acids in Pluchea indica leaves from different provenances in Thailand
This study aimed to develop and validate an HPLC method to quantitatively analyze six caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, viz. 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-O caffeoylquinic acid, 3,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid in P. indica leaf extract. HPLC was carried out in a Hypersil BDS C18-column eluted with 0.5% acetic acid in water and methanol using gradient elution with a flow rate of 1 ml/min and detection at 326 nm. The method validation was performed to assure its linearity, precision, accuracy and limits of detection and quantitation. Several extra...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Influence of abiotic environmental factors on the main constituents of the volatile oils of Tithonia diversifolia
ABSTRACT Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray, Asteraceae, commonly known as Mexican sunflower, is a wide distributed invasive species encountered around the world. We proposed herein to establish the relationship between different abiotic environmental factors and the variation in the production of volatile compounds in T. diversifolia, during a period of one year. Samples of leaf and inflorescence volatile oils obtained from individuals located at two different regions of Brazil were analyzed by GC – MS and the data were submitted to chemometric analysis. Based on the main constituents, the analysis allowed us to cla...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Anatomy and volatile oil chemistry of Eucalyptus saligna cultivated in South Brazil
ABSTRACT Eucalyptus saligna Sm., Myrtaceae, commonly known as Sydney blue gum, is often confused with several other species in the genus. The leaf volatile oils of the species have been reported to have antimicrobial, insecticidal, nematicidal, repellent and cytotoxicity properties. The present work provides anatomy as well as volatile oil chemistry of the species collected from South Brazil. The anatomy and histochemistry of the leaves and stems were investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy, and the leaf and stem volatile oils were analyzed by GC – MS. Amphistomatic leaves, anomocytic stomata, presence of ...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - June 11, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Validation of a photostability indicating method for quantification of furanocoumarins from Brosimum gaudichaudii soft extract
ABSTRACT A validation study of a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for the quantification of two furanocoumarins (psoralen and bergapten) in soft extract obtained from Brosimum gaudichaudii Tr écul, Moraceae, roots was conducted. The developed method was sensitive, rapid, reproducible, easy and precise, and showed linearity (r> 0.99) in the range of 10 – 64 µg/ml for psoralen, and 9 – 56 µg/ml for bergapten. It also showed a good efficiency for the photodegradation analysis of psoralen and bergapten in the soft extract. The photostability results showed that the Higuchi model presented t...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - March 26, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Dynamic maceration of Matricaria chamomilla inflorescences: optimal conditions for flavonoids and antioxidant activity
ABSTRACT The aim of this paper was to study and optimize the dynamic maceration process to obtain Matricaria chamomilla L., Asteraceae, inflorescences extracts with optimum flavonoid content and antioxidant activity using a multivariate approach. Hydroalcoholic extracts were obtained by dynamic maceration in lab scale and the influence of extraction temperature, ratio of plant to solvent, ethanol strength; extraction time and stirring speed on the flavonoid content and antioxidant activity were unveiled using a fractional factorial design. The ethanol strength, ratio of plant to solvent and temperature were the three facto...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - March 26, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Natural membranes of Hevea brasiliensis latex as delivery system for Casearia sylvestris leaf components
ABSTRACT Natural latex from Hevea brasiliensis (Wild. ex A.Juss) M üll.Arg., Euphorbiaceae, showed angiogenic action and Casearia sylvestris Sw., Salicaceae, leaf derivatives presented anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities. Therefore, an association of these effects was interesting for wound healing applications. The aims of this study were the developmen t of membranes of natural latex incorporated with C. sylvestris leaf derivatives (ethanolic extract, diterpene concentrated fraction and casearin J), their chemical and physical characterization, and the evaluation of in vitro skin permeation and retention of C....
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - March 26, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Chromatographic profiles of extractives from leaves of Eugenia uniflora
This study provides a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of chemical profile from leaves of E. uniflora. The HPLC analysis was carried out on a C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 µm) by gradient elution with methanol and water (acidified with trifluoracetic acid); and silica gel Plates 60-F 254 with 10 – 12 µm and 5 – 6 µm particles, respectively for TLC and High HPTLC analysis. The chromatographic data obtained from HPLC, TLC and HPTLC presented bands and peaks related to flavonoids (myricitrin and derivatives) and tannins (gallic and ellagic acids), which were observed from different samples. The chromatographic...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - March 26, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Celtis iguanaea on markers of cardiovascular diseases and glucose metabolism in cholesterol-fed rats
In this study, we investigated the effects of the hydroalcoholic extract from C. iguanaea on markers of cardiovascular diseases and the glucose metabolism in cholesterol-fed rats. Therefore, hypercholesterolemic rats (1% cholesterol) were orally treated with C. iguanaea extract (C-150, CI-300, or CI-600 mg/kg) or simvastatin (4 mg/kg) (n = 6) once a day (30 days) with a hypercholesterolemic diet. A control group (C) was given saline. C. iguanaea extract showed significant decreases in serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HMG-CoA-reductase, interleukin-1 and 6, TNF- α and IFN- γ when compared to group C (...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - March 26, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research