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Are neural pathways processing airway inputs sensitized in patients with cough hypersensitivity?
Publication date: Available online 15 May 2019Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology & TherapeuticsAuthor(s): Michael J. Farrell, Stuart B. MazzoneAbstractPatients with cough hypersensitivity exhibit unusually low thresholds for responses to tussive stimuli, exaggerated responses to suprathreshold tussive stimuli, and report spontaneous experiences of urge-to-cough in the absence of exogenous stimulation. These aberrant responses to tussive challenge have the hallmark features of behaviours associated with a sensitized sensory system. Searching for further evidence to implicate neural sensitization in the symptomatology of cough h...
Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - May 15, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: June 2019Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Volume 56Author(s): (Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - May 15, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Efficacy and safety of the dual bronchodilator combination umeclidinium/vilanterol in COPD by age and airflow limitation severity: A pooled post hoc analysis of seven clinical trials
ConclusionUMEC/VI consistently demonstrated improved lung function versus TIO and FP/SAL across age and airflow limitation severity subgroups, with no safety concerns, indicating that UMEC/VI provides no loss in efficacy or additional safety concerns for both elderly patients with COPD and patients with severe/very severe airway limitation. (Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - May 14, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Airway hypersensitivity induced by eosinophil granule-derived cationic proteins
Publication date: Available online 13 May 2019Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology & TherapeuticsAuthor(s): Lu-Yuan Lee, Qihai Gu, An-Hsuan Lin, Mehdi Khosravi, Gerald GleichAbstractVagal bronchopulmonary C-fiber sensory nerves play an important role in the manifestation of airway hypersensitivity, a common and prominent pathophysiological feature of airway inflammatory diseases. Eosinophil granule-derived cationic proteins are known to be involved in the mucosal damage and development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness during allergic airway inflammation. In view of these background information, we have carried out a series of st...
Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - May 14, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Probucol ameliorates EMT and lung fibrosis through restoration of SIRT3 expression
Publication date: Available online 11 May 2019Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology & TherapeuticsAuthor(s): Hong-Xia Zhang, Yi-Nan Li, Xiu-Li Wang, Chang-Lin Ye, Xiao-Yan Zhu, Hui-Ping Li, Tao Yang, Yu-Jian LiuAbstractPulmonary fibrosis is a progressive fibrotic lung disease with a paucity of therapeutic options. Here we investigated the potential roles of probucol, a cholesterol-lowering drug with potent anti-oxidation properties, on pulmonary epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrosis. We found that bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis was associated with increased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, α-smooth muscle ac...
Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - May 13, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Assessing laryngeal function and hypersensitivity
Publication date: Available online 18 April 2019Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology & TherapeuticsAuthor(s): B. Famokunwa, E.S. Walsted, J.H. HullAbstractThe larynx is one of the most highly innervated organs in humans, adapted to simultaneously deliver several key respiratory functions including airway protection, swallowing and phonation. In some individuals the larynx can adopt a state that could be considered ‘dysfunctional’ or maladaptive; resulting in or contributing to a range of clinical disorders such as chronic refractory cough, inducible laryngeal obstruction (previously termed paradoxical vocal fold movement or ...
Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - April 18, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Dual role of autophagy/mitophagy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Publication date: Available online 17 April 2019Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology & TherapeuticsAuthor(s): Shan Jiang, Jing Sun, Nabijan Mohammadtursun, Zhang Hu, Qiuping Li, Zhengxiao Zhao, Hongying Zhang, Jingcheng DongAbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung disease characterised by progressive, irreversible airflow limitation. Multiple regulatory pathways are involved in COPD pathogenesis. Emerging evidence from clinical and basic medical research has suggested that autophagy—a highly conserved catabolic process mediated under various cellular stress conditions—plays a role in the developm...
Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - April 17, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Outcomes of fibrinolytic therapy for patients with metastatic cancer and acute pulmonary embolism
ConclusionThe presence of metastatic cancer in patients undergoing fibrinolytic therapy for acute pulmonary embolism is associated with increase mortality. (Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - April 6, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Systemic treatment with resveratrol alleviates adjuvant arthritis-interstitial lung disease in rats via modulation of JAK/STAT/RANKL signaling pathway
Publication date: Available online 28 March 2019Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology & TherapeuticsAuthor(s): Guangxia Yang, Lei Lyu, Xinhua Wang, Liang Bao, Beili Lyu, Zikai LinAbstractInterstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most common pulmonary manifestation of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) lung disease. The mechanism of RA-ILD remains obscure and more effective treatments are still needed. Resveratrol (RSV) a phytoalexin found with anti-inflammation and antioxidant activity. RSV has been reported to protect against RA. In current study, we evaluated the effects of RSV on RA-ILD and further explored the underlying mechanisms. We e...
Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - March 29, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis-associated cough: Mechanisms and management
Publication date: Available online 28 March 2019Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology & TherapeuticsAuthor(s): Katherine Myall, Joanne E. Kavanagh, Surinder S. Birring (Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - March 29, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Implementing an interstitial lung disease clinic improves survival without increasing health care resource utilization
ConclusionsSpecialized, multi-disciplinary ILD care in a dedicated regional clinic is associated with improved survival and does not cause an increase of HRU, supporting the institution of potentially more cost-effective care with specialized ILD clinics. (Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - March 29, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Safety and efficacy of the human neutrophil elastase inhibitor BAY 85-8501 for the treatment of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: a randomized controlled trial
Conclusions1 mg BAY 85-8501 OD had a favourable safety and tolerability profile when administered for 28 days to patients with non-CF BE. Further studies with a longer treatment duration are needed to evaluate the potential clinical efficacy in this study population. (Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - March 25, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Chronic cough in the elderly
Publication date: Available online 23 March 2019Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology & TherapeuticsAuthor(s): Woo-Jung Song, Ha-Kyeong Won, Jin An, Sung-Yoon Kang, Eun-Jung Jo, Yoon-Seok Chang, Byung-Jae Lee, Sang-Heon ChoAbstractChronic cough is a multi-factorial syndrome commonly presenting as cough hypersensitivity in adult patients. It is a common medical condition in the communities but is more prevalent in older adults. Elderly patients (≥65 years) frequently suffer from multiple comorbidities, which may lead to more clinical heterogeneity in chronic cough and pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Hyposensitivity i...
Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - March 24, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

BLU-5937: A selective P2X3 antagonist with potent anti-tussive effect and no taste alteration
In conclusion, BLU-5937 was selected as a drug candidate for the treatment of chronic cough due to its high potency and selectivity for P2X3 homotrimeric receptors, strong anti-tussive effects, excellent tolerability and predicted pharmacokinetic properties in humans. (Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - March 20, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Update on the clinical development of gefapixant, a P2X3 receptor antagonist for the treatment of refractory chronic cough
Publication date: Available online 14 March 2019Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology & TherapeuticsAuthor(s): David Muccino, Stuart GreenAbstractChronic cough, or cough lasting>8 weeks, is often associated with underlying medical conditions (ie, asthma, gastroesophageal reflux disease, nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis, and upper-airway cough syndrome). In some patients with chronic cough, treatment of these underlying conditions does not resolve the cough (refractory chronic cough [RCC]), or none of these conditions are present (unexplained chronic cough [UCC]). Despite appropriate medical evaluation, patients with RCC or UC...
Source: Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - March 16, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research