Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Analysis of spatio-temporal rainfall trends across southern African biomes between 1981 and 2016
In this study, we simultaneously examined spatial and temporal rainfall trends based on the space-time rainfall cube derived from 1981 to 2016 CHIRPS satellite rainfall data. The space time rainfall trend analysis revealed a significant (P < 0.05) decrease of rainfall across most biomes particularly in the northern parts of the savanna biome and southwestern biomes (i.e. karoo, desert and fynbos). Statistically significant (P < 0.05) rainfall increase was observed in the central parts of the region mostly within the savanna biome. In terms of the magnitude of rainfall change, some of the areas experienced a...
Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC - November 9, 2019 Category: Science Source Type: research

Quantifying the contribution of riparian total evaporation to streamflow transmission losses: Preliminary investigations along the Groot Letaba river
Publication date: Available online 8 November 2019Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/CAuthor(s): S. Gokool, E.S. Riddell, J.M. Nel, R. Raubenheimer, T. Strydom, A. Swemmer, K.T. ChettyAbstractThe Groot Letaba River, situated in the semi-arid north-eastern region of South Africa is an example of a river system in which the uncertainty associated with transmission losses (TL) has limited the effective management of environmental water requirement (EWR) flows. TL along the river significantly impacts EWR flows, as it is often the case that specified EWR releases are not adequately received further downstrea...
Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC - November 9, 2019 Category: Science Source Type: research

Identifying hotspots for investment in ecological infrastructure within the uMngeni catchment, South Africa
In this study, we aim to demonstrate how the state-of-the-art in ecosystem service modelling can be implemented to guide decision making with regards to investments in EI to improve the delivery of specific hydrological ecosystem services (HES) within the uMngeni catchment. For this purpose, the Resource Investment Optimization System (RIOS) and Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) models were applied to identify priority areas for investment and to evaluate the HES benefits that can potentially be achieved. Several global and local data sets were used to provide the requisite inputs to perform...
Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC - November 9, 2019 Category: Science Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: August 2019Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, Volume 112Author(s): (Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC)
Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC - October 22, 2019 Category: Science Source Type: research

Application of Multi-Criteria Decision Making and GIS for Check Dam Layout in the Ilanlu Basin, Northwest of Hamadan Province, Iran
This study was carried out in the Illanlu catchment in the northwest of Hamadan Province, Iran. A set of effective indices were identified and developed using the Geographic Information System (GIS) and fuzzy logic to model optimal location of sites for construction of the check dams. Based on the ability to construct the check dams e.g. access road and environmental constraints, the map was classified from very high to very low construction ability. In the study area, 26% of the catchment area was located in the very high and high classes, predominantly in the upstream sub-catchments, 13% in the very low class, and 62% in...
Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC - October 20, 2019 Category: Science Source Type: research

Corrigendum to “Urban flood simulation and prioritization of critical urban sub-catchments using SWMM model and PROMETHEE II approach” [physics and chemistry of the earth, part A/B/C. 105 (2018) 3–11]
Publication date: Available online 10 October 2019Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/CAuthor(s): Sahar Babaei, Reza Ghazavi, Mahdi Erfanian (Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC)
Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC - October 11, 2019 Category: Science Source Type: research

Groundwater as an alternative source to irregular surface water in the O'Kiep area, Namaqualand, South Africa
Publication date: Available online 28 September 2019Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/CAuthor(s): I.G. Erdogan, E. Fosso-Kankeu, S.K.O. Ntwampe, F.B. Waanders, N. Hoth, A. RandAbstractWater insecurity is a growing concern globally and the role of groundwater and aquifers in buffering the effects of climate variability and change is increasingly acknowledged due to extended periods of drought in arid regions. Water security can only be fully realised with a more robust understanding of groundwater as a water resource, especially in the O'Kiep area which is in Namaqualand, South Africa. Results of analyse...
Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC - October 10, 2019 Category: Science Source Type: research

Groundwater as an alternative source to irregular surface water in the O’Kiep area, Namaqualand, South Africa
Publication date: Available online 28 September 2019Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/CAuthor(s): I.G. Erdogan, E. Fosso-Kankeu, S.K.O. Ntwampe, F.B. Waanders, N. Hoth, A. RandAbstractWater insecurity is a growing concern globally and the role of groundwater and aquifers in buffering the effects of climate variability and change is increasingly acknowledged due to extended periods of drought in arid regions. Water security can only be fully realised with a more robust understanding of groundwater as a water resource, especially in the O’Kiep area which is in Namaqualand, South Africa. Results of analy...
Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC - September 28, 2019 Category: Science Source Type: research

Assessment of climate change impact on surface runoff, statistical downscaling and hydrological modeling
In this study, using the Statistical downscaling model (SDSM), the data of CanESM2 Canadian general circulation model (GCM) was downscaled under the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5. In order to study the climate change, the artificial neural network (ANN) and IHACRES models were used over the period of 2010-2040. The study results showed that the temperature is increased in the upcoming period of 2006-2100 (0.8 to 5.6 C°), and the highest temperature changes are related to winter and summer. The precipitation in the upcoming period shows an increasing trend on the annual average, but, in...
Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC - September 25, 2019 Category: Science Source Type: research

An environmental risk assessment of the klip river using water quality indices
Publication date: Available online 11 September 2019Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/CAuthor(s): T. Marara, L.G. PalamuleniAbstractThe Klip River wetland is one of the most economically important ecological river system in South Africa as it plays two roles: water purification in the Vaal River system and is also a source of water. However, several studies have demonstrated that the wetland is extremely degraded and has lost capability to perform the two functions. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the Klip River water quality compliance with guidelines for its designated uses i.e. domes...
Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC - September 11, 2019 Category: Science Source Type: research

An integrated conceptual approach for the monitoring and modelling of geo-structures subjected to climatic loading
Publication date: Available online 29 August 2019Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/CAuthor(s): C. Jayasundara, R.N. Deo, J. KodikaraAbstractAdvancement of knowledge on the behaviour of unsaturated soil through constitutive modelling is an area of active research within the geotechnical community. Given that most of the Earth surface can be considered unsaturated and most of the geotechnical infrastructures constitute of compacted soil, advancements in predictive modelling are needed for reliable management of geo-infrastructures. Moreover, the complex processes of soil collapse, shear failures and exces...
Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC - August 30, 2019 Category: Science Source Type: research

A Modelling approach to improving water security in a drought-prone area, West Coast, South Africa
Publication date: Available online 23 August 2019Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/CAuthor(s): Heng Zhang, Yongxin Xu, Thokozani KanyerereAbstractDue to severe droughts and rapid urbanization, Cape Town municipality including small towns along the West Coast of South Africa are facing water shortages. Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) seems to offer a solution to improve water security in this drought-prone area. This paper presents a conceptual framework within which numerical modelling of the aquifers system is operated to improve water security of West Coast. The ModelMuse software that included MODFLOW...
Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC - August 24, 2019 Category: Science Source Type: research

Assessment of Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting in Northern Jordan
The objective of this research is to investigate factors affecting the usage of rooftop rainwater harvesting, quantify the quality of rainwater, and provide preliminary estimate for the volume of rainwater storage tanks and integrate it in the building design. A public questionnaire revealed that 46% of people do not have rooftop rainwater harvesting largely because of the high costs of storage tanks. About 80% of the people surveyed chose an arbitrary volume for the tank based on the recommendation of a building contractor. The current study presented a preliminary estimate for the tank volume using historic monthly rainf...
Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC - August 14, 2019 Category: Science Source Type: research

Exploring the sanitation success, sanitation technology and diarrhoeal mortality nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa
Publication date: Available online 13 August 2019Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/CAuthor(s): Muchaneta Munamati, Innocent Nhapi, Shepherd MisiAbstractPrevious research on the determinants of sanitation success has largely focused on economic, environmental, political and social factors at the expense of technological factors. Therefore, this paper explores the relationship between improved sanitation technologies and sanitation success, and further investigates the impact of improved sanitation technologies on diarrhoeal mortality in 46 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Cross-country regression ana...
Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC - August 14, 2019 Category: Science Source Type: research

Integrated Water Resources Development and Management:Innovative Technological Advances for Water Security in Eastern and Southern Africa
Publication date: Available online 14 August 2019Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/CAuthor(s): Benjamin Mapani, Hodson Makurira, Lapologang Magole, Maideyi Meck, Theresa Mkandawire, Marloes Mul, Cosmo Ngongondo (Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC)
Source: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts ABC - August 14, 2019 Category: Science Source Type: research