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The influence of nicotine metabolic rate on working memory over 6 hours of abstinence from nicotine
ConclusionsMinimal change in working memory over 6 h of nicotine abstinence was observed. Overall, NMR was not significantly associated with the change in processing speed, however Caucasian fast metabolizers displayed poorer accuracy and processing speed at discrete time points. (Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior)
Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior - December 13, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Neurotrophic mechanisms underlying the rapid and sustained antidepressant actions of ketamine
Publication date: Available online 9 December 2019Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and BehaviorAuthor(s): Satoshi Deyama, Ronald S. DumanAbstractClinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated that depression, one of the most common psychiatric illnesses, is associated with reduced levels of neurotrophic factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), contributing to neuronal atrophy in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus, and reduced hippocampal adult neurogenesis. Conventional monoaminergic antidepressants can block/reverse, at least partially, these ...
Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior - December 11, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

The influence of nicotine metabolic rate on working memory over 6 hours of abstinence from nicotine
ConclusionsMinimal change in working memory over 6 h of nicotine abstinence was observed. Overall, NMR was not significantly associated with the change in processing speed, however Caucasian fast metabolizers displayed poorer accuracy and processing speed at discrete time points. (Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior)
Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior - December 7, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Alpha2-adrenergic dysregulation in congenic DxH recombinant inbred mice selectively bred for a high fear-sensitized (H-FSS) startle response
Publication date: Available online 2 December 2019Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and BehaviorAuthor(s): Rochelle N. Wickramasekara, Charles Bockman, Joachim Hanke, Herbert Schwegler, JoAnn McGee, Edward Walsh, Deniz Yilmazer-HankeAbstractPatients with anxiety disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exhibit exaggerated fear responses and noradrenergic dysregulation. Fear-related responses to α2-adrenergic challenge were therefore studied in DxH C3H/HeJ-like recombinant inbred (C3HLRI) mice, which are a DBA/2J-congenic strain selectively bred for a high fear-sensitized startle (H-FSS). C3HLRI mice showed an en...
Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior - December 3, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Decreased medial entorhinal cortical thickness in olanzapine exposed female rats is not ameliorated by exercise
Publication date: Available online 27 November 2019Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and BehaviorAuthor(s): M.L. Woodward, A.H. Ker, A.M. Barr, C.L. Beasley, C. Hercher, H.N. Boyda, R.M. Procyshyn, W.G. Honer, D.J. LangAbstractAerobic exercise has been associated with hippocampal plasticity, both in healthy adults and in psychosis patients, but its impact on cortical regions remains unclear. The entorhinal cortex serves as a critical gateway for the hippocampus, and recent studies suggest that this region may also be impacted following an exercise regime. In order to investigate the effects of antipsychotic medications and...
Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior - November 28, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Influence of the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptor ligands on the activity of atypical antidepressant drugs in the behavioural tests in mice
Publication date: Available online 27 November 2019Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and BehaviorAuthor(s): Ewa Poleszak, Sylwia Wośko, Karolina Sławińska, Elżbieta Wyska, Aleksandra Szopa, Katarzyna Świąder, Andrzej Wróbel, Urszula Doboszewska, Piotr Wlaź, Aleksandra Wlaź, Anna SerefkoAbstractAvailable data support the notion that cannabinoids, whose therapeutic value is limited due to severe adverse reactions, could be beneficial as adjunctive agents in the management of mood disorders. Polytherapy, which is superior to monotherapy in the terms of effectiveness, usually requires lower doses of the individual com...
Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior - November 28, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Identification of antiparkinsonian drugs in the 6-hydroxydopamine zebrafish model
Publication date: Available online 28 November 2019Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and BehaviorAuthor(s): Rita L. Vaz, Sara Sousa, Diana Chapela, Herma C. van der Linde, Rob Willemsen, Ana D. Correia, Tiago F. Outeiro, Nuno D. AfonsoAbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is known as a movement disorder due to characteristic motor features. Existing therapies for PD are only symptomatic, and their efficacy decreases as disease progresses. Zebrafish, a vertebrate in which parkinsonism has been modelled, offers unique features for the identification of molecules with antiparkinsonian properties. Here, we developed a screening ass...
Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior - November 28, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Therapeutic efficacy of environmental enrichment for substance use disorders
Publication date: Available online 26 November 2019Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and BehaviorAuthor(s): Ewa Galaj, Eddy D. Barrera, Robert RanaldiAbstractAddiction to drug and alcohol is regarded as a major health problem worldwide for which available treatments show limited effectiveness. The biggest challenge remains to enhance the capacities of interventions to reduce craving, prevent relapse and promote long-term recovery. New strategies to meet these challenges are being explored. Findings from preclinical work suggest that environmental enrichment (EE) holds therapeutic potential for the treatment of substance us...
Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior - November 26, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Disrupting the endocannabinoid system in early adolescence negatively impacts sociability
Publication date: Available online 25 November 2019Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and BehaviorAuthor(s): Daniela Cossio, Henry Stadler, Zoe Michas, Colin Johnston, Hassan H. LopezAbstractAnimal models suggest that the endocannabinoid system (eCS) helps regulate various aspects of social behavior, including play behavior and social reward, during adolescence. Properly tuned endocannabinoid signaling may be a critical developmental component in the emergence of normal adult sociability. In the current experiment, we attempted to pharmacologically disrupt endocannabinoid tone during early adolescence, and then measure the ...
Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior - November 26, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Sub-chronic taurine administration induces behavioral sensitization but does not influence ethanol-induced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens
Publication date: Available online 23 November 2019Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and BehaviorAuthor(s): Lisa Ulenius, Anna Andrén, Louise Adermark, Bo Söderpalm, Mia EricsonAbstractPreclinical studies have shown that the amino acid taurine is of importance for the dopamine elevating properties of ethanol. Taurine intake has escalated over the last decade due to increased consumption of taurine-containing energy drinks and dietary supplements. Whether long-term intake of large amounts of taurine induces adaptations affecting ethanol-induced dopamine elevation is not clear. Thus the aim of the present studies was to ex...
Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior - November 25, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Intracellular mechanisms and behavioral changes in mouse model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Importance of age-specific NMDA receptor blockade
Publication date: Available online 20 November 2019Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and BehaviorAuthor(s): Harish M. Kawade, Chandrashekhar D. Borkar, Ashwini S. Shambharkar, Omprakash Singh, Praful S. Singru, Nishikant K. Subhedar, Dadasaheb M. KokareAbstractExposure of NMDA receptor antagonists during developmental stages leads to behavioral consequences like attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have remained poorly understood. Herein, we studied the phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) and caspase-3, the key regulators of neuronal cell survival/death, as the probable downst...
Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior - November 20, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Rapastinel, a novel glutamatergic agent with ketamine-like antidepressant actions: Convergent mechanisms
Publication date: Available online 13 November 2019Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and BehaviorAuthor(s): Taro Kato, Ronald S. DumanAbstractConventional antidepressant medications, which act on monoaminergic systems, have significant limitations, including a time lag of weeks to months and low rates of therapeutic efficacy. Recently, clinical findings demonstrate that ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic that blocks N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor channel activity, causes rapid (within hours) and long-lasting (7 to 10 days) antidepressant effects. Rapastinel is a novel glutamatergic compound that acts as an NMDAR p...
Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior - November 15, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: December 2019Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Volume 187Author(s): (Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior)
Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior - November 13, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

ANAVEX®2-73 (blarcamesine), a Sigma-1 receptor agonist, ameliorates neurologic impairments in a mouse model of Rett syndrome
Publication date: December 2019Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Volume 187Author(s): Walter E. Kaufmann, Jeffrey Sprouse, Nell Rebowe, Taleen Hanania, Daniel Klamer, Christopher U. MisslingAbstractRett syndrome (RTT) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder that is associated in most cases with mutations in the transcriptional regulator MECP2. At present, there are no effective treatments for the disorder. Despite recent advances in RTT genetics and neurobiology, most drug development programs have focused on compounds targeting the IGF-1 pathway and no pivotal trial has been completed as yet.Thus, testing no...
Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior - November 6, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Voluntary exercise and estradiol reverse ovariectomy-induced spatial learning and memory deficits and reduction in hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rats
This study was designed to investigate the effects of voluntary exercise and estrogen replacement on learning and memory deficits and reduction of hippocampal brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels induced by ovariectomy. Ovariectomized rats were given daily vehicle or 17 β-estradiol (20 μg/kg) and allowed to freely exercise in a running wheel over the course of 2 weeks. After this period, they were trained and tested on a water-maze spatial task for 5 consecutive days, followed by a probe test one day later. At the end of the behavioral tests, all animals were decapitated and their hippocampal levels of BDN...
Source: Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior - November 6, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research