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‘Is she really going out with him?’: Attractiveness exchange and commitment scripts for romantic relationships
Publication date: 1 March 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 139Author(s): Lisa B. Hoplock, D.A. Stinson, Chantele T. JoordensAbstractThree experiments document the contingencies of the attractiveness exchange-script. Experiment 1 (N = 219) demonstrates that observers assume that the more-attractive partner in a romantic couple is relatively uncommitted to their relationship, and this script is stronger when evaluating women than men. Experiment 2 (N = 165) demonstrates that observers assume that a less-attractive man compensates his more-attractive female partner by providing status and res...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 18, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

It's not unusual to be unusual (or: A different take on multivariate distributions of personality)
Publication date: 1 March 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 139Author(s): Wijnand A.P. van TilburgAbstractPersonality, and many other psychological constructs, are assumed to be distributed along multiple dimensions. The current research demonstrates an intriguing implication that these multidimensional distributions hold: as dimensionality increases, people are located progressively further away from the average. In other words, multivariate models of personality render people to be rather ‘unusual.’ I review the geometric and statistical basis for this phenomenon and then illustrate i...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 18, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The personality of populists: How the Big Five traits relate to populist attitudes
This article attempts to shed light on how populist attitudes are shaped on the demand side by taking a person's personality structure into account. Drawing on the framework of the Big Five personality traits, we first propose relationships between each trait and populist attitudes. Second, we suggest a more dynamic perspective by considering which personality trait might make a person more susceptible to adopting populist views throughout an election campaign, particularly if she identifies with a populist party. We test the relationships in two distinct contexts making use of the internet panel of the 2015 British Electi...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 18, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Comparing effects of active and passive procrastination: A field study of behavioral delay
This study demonstrates a novel and robust method for measuring behavioral delay, adds to evidence that active procrastination does not contribute to behavioral delay, and thereby raises doubts as to the construct validity and/or measurement of active procrastination. (Source: Personality and Individual Differences)
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 18, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Do certain personality traits provide a mating market competitive advantage? Sex, offspring & the big 5
This study uses the BIG 5 personality traits to quantitatively explore correlates of sexual frequency and reproductive success of a large sample (NMale = 2998; NFemale = 1480) of heterosexuals advertised to on an Australian dating website. Consistent with previous research we find that for both sexes, extraversion has a positive linear relationship with sexual frequency. The same is also observable for males that are more conscientious, more emotionally stable, and less agreeable; indicating that for men, a greater number of personality factors matter in explaining the variation in sexual activity. Higher extravers...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 18, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Where I am and where I want to be: Perceptions of and aspirations for status and inclusion differentially predict psychological health
This study (N = 680) sought to extend understanding of such links by examining how individual differences in aspirations for status and inclusion correlated with psychological health (higher trait self-esteem, lower trait anxiety). Whereas perceptions of higher status and inclusion showed a positive link to psychological health, higher aspirations for status and inclusion showed a negative link. The former and latter pairs of links persisted after controlling for one another, and no evidence emerged of moderation. It is beneficial to perceive one's status and inclusion as high, but not to aspire for them to be, regardl...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 18, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

In good time: A longitudinal investigation of trait self-control in determining changes in motivation quality
Publication date: 1 March 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 139Author(s): Anne Holding, Nora Hope, Jeremie Verner-Filion, Richard KoestnerAbstractThe positive role of autonomous motivation in personal goal pursuit has been robustly established in Self-Determination Theory research. Recent work has linked individual differences in trait selfcontrol to motivation quality, showing that higher self-control is associated with greater autonomous motivation (Converse, Juarez & Hennecke, 2018). The present investigation built on this research to test the association longitudinally in the context of lon...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 17, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Further examining the potential association between birth order and personality: Null results from a national sample of American siblings
Publication date: 1 March 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 139Author(s): Cashen M. Boccio, Kevin M. BeaverAbstractThere has been a body of research examining whether there is an association between birth order and personality traits. The results of these studies have been somewhat mixed, with some findings indicating an association and others reporting no association. Against this backdrop, the current study analyzed data drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health to further examine the potential link between birth order and personality (N = 2,508–14,125). T...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 17, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The bright side of dark: Exploring the positive effect of narcissism on perceived stress through mental toughness
Publication date: 1 March 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 139Author(s): Kostas A. Papageorgiou, Foteini-Maria Gianniou, Paul Wilson, Giovanni B. Moneta, Delfina Bilello, Peter J. CloughAbstractPrevious research reported that Subclinical Narcissism (SN) may increase Mental Toughness (MT) resulting in positive outcomes such as lower psychopathy, higher school grades and lower symptoms of depression. We conducted three studies (N = 364, 240 and 144 for studies 1, 2 and 3, respectively) to test a mediation model, which suggests that SN may increase MT predicting lower Perceived Stress (PS). The p...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 17, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Life history theory and human behavior: Testing associations between environmental harshness, life history strategies and testosterone
This study was a test of associations between measures of harsher environments and indicators of a “faster” life history strategy, including higher aggression, risk taking and a sociosexuality preference for short term and uncommitted sexual relationships. Hypotheses were derived from previous literature in evolutionary psychology proposing that harsher environments promote these faster life history strategies. Additionally, due to the potential for testosterone to act as a hormonal mechanism calibrating life history strategies, associations were tested between salivary testosterone and harsher environments and...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 16, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Personality moderates the relationship between uncertainty and political violence: Evidence from two large U.S. samples
Publication date: 1 March 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 139Author(s): Oluf Gøtzsche-AstrupAbstractActs of political violence have negative consequences for intergroup relations, peaceful democratic participation, and increase mistrust and unrest between political groups and factions within society. A growing literature points to the role of uncertainty in driving political violence, but existing studies tend to rely on student and online convenience samples or macro-level indicators of uncertainty. This paper investigates the generalizability or the relationship between uncertainty and p...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 15, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Exploring the relation between religiosity and narcissism in an Iranian sample
This study investigated the relationship between the four domains of religiosity (believing, belonging, behaving, and bonding) in relation to grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. The sample consisted of 388 students attending an Iranian university who completed the Persian versions of the Four Basic Dimensions of Religion Scale (Saroglou, 2011, 2014) and the Pathological Narcissism Inventory (Pincus et al., 2009; Soleimani, et al., 2015). Results showed that grandiose, but not vulnerable narcissism, concurrently predicted each domain of religiosity. Additionally, the PNI Self Sacrificing Self-Esteem subscale was the only s...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 14, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The associations of basic psychological needs and autonomous-related self with time perspective: The cultural and familial antecedents of balanced time perspective
Publication date: 1 March 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 139Author(s): Umit Akirmak, Nursen Tuncer, Meliscan Akdogan, Orhan Batuhan ErkatAbstractTime perspective develops from learning experiences pertaining to family and culture (Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999), however no study specifically examined these factors. The present research examines cultural and familial processes influencing subjective time perceptions and balanced time perspective. Participants (n = 305) filled out a questionnaire that consisted of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI), Basic Psychological Needs (BPN), Aut...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 14, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Personality profiles and persuasion: An exploratory study investigating the role of the Big-5, Type D personality and the Dark Triad on susceptibility to persuasion
Publication date: 1 March 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 139Author(s): Helen J. Wall, Claire C. Campbell, Linda K. Kaye, Andy Levy, Navjot BhullarAbstractThe present study investigated the relationship between personality profiles and susceptibility to persuasion. Participants (N = 316) were recruited for an online questionnaire and asked to complete self-reported measures of their personality - Big-5, Dark Triad and Type D. Individual differences in susceptibility to persuasion were also explored using Cialdini's model of persuasion. Latent profile analysis identified three distinct profile...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 14, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Persistence: Defining the multidimensional construct and creating a measure
Publication date: 1 March 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 139Author(s): Matt C. Howard, Matthew P. CrayneAbstractPersistence is often viewed as a behavioral event, whereby a person works through obstacles in the pursuit of a goal. This operationalization does not speak to persistence as an individual difference, but many researchers have observed people for which persistence appears habitual and is applied in the pursuit of all goals broadly. We suggest that several closely related constructs, such as grit and perseverance, may partially capture multiple dimensions of the overall construct of per...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 14, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Corrigendum to “Taking a knee: Perceptions of NFL player protests during the National Anthem” [Personality and Individual Differences 137(2019) 204–213]
Publication date: Available online 9 November 2018Source: Personality and Individual DifferencesAuthor(s): Evelyn Stratmoen, Tiffany J. Lawless, Donald A. Saucier (Source: Personality and Individual Differences)
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

A dual process model of generation and evaluation: A theoretical framework to examine cross-cultural differences in the creative process
Publication date: 1 March 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 139Author(s): Tal Ivancovsky, Simone Shamay-Tsoory, Joo Lee, Hiroaki Morio, Jenny KurmanAbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine cross-cultural differences in creativity based on the two-fold model, according to which creativity involves idea generation and idea evaluation phases. We contend that evaluation is more stringent in East-Asian cultures, where unique ideas are more likely to be inhibited, than in Western cultures. In order to examine the proposed model, three studies were conducted with Israeli, South-Korean and Japanese...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Is smart sexy? Examining the role of relative intelligence in mate preferences
Publication date: 1 March 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 139Author(s): Peter K. Jonason, Kristine Marsh, Omir Dib, Danielle Plush, Mark Doszpot, Ewing Fung, Kathleen Crimmins, Michael Drapski, Katrina Di PietroAbstractThere has been a recent surge of research on the role of intelligence in mate preferences. To advance this area of research, in two online studies (N = 743), we manipulated relative, as opposed to absolute, intelligence and examined desirability in long-term and short-term relationships. In Study 1, we also examined the role of mate value towards understanding differences in de...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Narcissism and devaluing others: An exploration of impaired control over drinking as a mediating mechanism of alcohol-related problems
We examined a path model of 759 university student drinkers. Our results show that while grandiose-fantasy (i.e., desire for special recognition) was negatively linked to IC, devaluing was positively linked to IC. In addition, men scored higher on exploitativeness (i.e., interpersonally manipulative for personal gain) than women. We conducted mediational analysis with asymmetric confidence intervals and a bias-corrected bootstrap technique. Mediational tests showed that higher levels of grandiose-fantasy were indirectly related to fewer alcohol-related problems through less IC and less heavy-episodic drinking. In contrast,...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Reinforcement sensitivity theory and relationship satisfaction via mastery
This study aimed to advance understanding of RST personality and romantic relationships. It examined the link between revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) and relationship satisfaction via the mediator mastery. The sample consisted of 110 United States participants who reported being in an exclusive relationship. The measures examined were Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory Personality Questionnaire (RST-PQ), Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS), and Jackson's Mastery scale. The results highlight that revised Behavioral Approach Systems (BAS) and Reward Interest (BAS-RI) predicted relationship satisfaction. Mastery ...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Benevolent and hostile sexism differentially predicted by facets of right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation
This study breaks ground by utilising these facets to predict benevolent sexism (paternalistic attitudes towards women) and hostile sexism (antipathy towards women) in an Australian sample (N = 229). Both sexism variables were significantly predicted by two of the five attitude facets. For benevolent sexism, these were traditionalism and dominance, and for hostile sexism, they were conservatism and anti-egalitarianism. Hostile sexism was also predicted by gender. These findings add to the theoretical understanding of ambivalent sexism, have implications for addressing sexism in society, and support calls for future res...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 8, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Emotion dysregulation mediates the relationship between trauma type and PTSD symptoms in a diverse trauma-exposed clinical sample
ConclusionsThis study underscores the importance of emotion dysregulation in PTSD development and maintenance. Findings may be used for the development of interventions targeting emotion regulation as a malleable risk factor for PTSD, especially for sexual assault victims. (Source: Personality and Individual Differences)
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 8, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Editorial Board/Publication Information
Publication date: 1 February 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 138Author(s): (Source: Personality and Individual Differences)
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 7, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

ISSID Pages
Publication date: 1 February 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 138Author(s): (Source: Personality and Individual Differences)
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 7, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Call for The 19th Dr. Sybil Eysenck Award
Publication date: 1 February 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 138Author(s): (Source: Personality and Individual Differences)
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 7, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Deficits in mindfulness account for the link between borderline personality features and maladaptive humor styles
Publication date: 1 March 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 139Author(s): Paul J. Geiger, Nathaniel R. Herr, Jessica R. PetersAbstractNegative humor styles are associated with rumination, aggression, and suicidal ideation. BPD features are positively associated with negative humor styles; however, few studies have identified factors that mediate this relationship. The present study examines mindfulness skills as a mediator of the link between BPD features and negative humor styles, in a sample of undergraduate students (N = 197), many reporting clinically significant levels of BPD features. Sig...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 7, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Different mechanisms of moral disengagement as multiple mediators in the association between harsh parenting and adolescent aggression
Publication date: 1 March 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 139Author(s): Mingzhong Wang, Xiujuan Wu, Daohan ChongAbstractThe present study examined the different mediating roles of eight mechanisms of moral disengagement in the association between harsh parenting and adolescent aggression. 389 junior high school students participated. Data were collected by parents reporting on spouses' harsh parenting, adolescents themselves reporting on moral disengagement and nominating out aggressive classmates. The results indicated that harsh parenting was positively associated with each mechanism of moral d...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 7, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Shyness, alcohol use disorders and ‘hangxiety’: A naturalistic study of social drinkers
This study suggests anxiety during hangover is linked to AUD symptoms in highly-shy individuals, providing a potential marker for increased AUD risk, which could inform prevention and treatment. (Source: Personality and Individual Differences)
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The Dark Triad's inverse relations with cognitive and emotional empathy: High-powered tests with multiple measures
Publication date: 1 March 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 139Author(s): Imani N. Turner, Joshua D. Foster, Gregory D. WebsterAbstractLow empathy is a key feature of the Dark Triad traits of narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism. Nevertheless, prior research, which has used mostly small samples with single measures of each construct, has produced mixed findings. The present study tested associations between Dark Triad traits and empathy using (a) a large sample (N = 1035), (b) multiple measures of each construct, and (c) structural equation modeling. Dark Triad traits, modeled as laten...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 3, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Congruence and measurement invariance of self-report and informant-ratings of the Big Five dimensions
Publication date: 1 March 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 139Author(s): Krzysztof FronczykAbstractThe paper presents a study of the Big Five dimensions assessed by the first- and third-person formats of the 50-item IPIP questionnaire. Four-hundred-and-fifty pairs of familiar people (partners or siblings) participated. Relatively high convergent and discriminant validity of both methods was demonstrated in the Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix. Factorial validity of both versions of the 50-item IPIP questionnaire was verified in two separated confirmatory factor analyzes applying the parceling procedu...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 3, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Birds of odd feather flock together? Assortative partner preferences, and attractiveness of schizotypy in long and short term partners
Publication date: 1 February 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 138Author(s): Minna Lyons, Millie WitcherAbstractAlthough schizotypy has received much research interest, studies have largely ignored attractiveness and assortative mating for this trait. In an on-line study, participants (N = 170) rated high and low schizotypy vignettes for long and short term attractiveness. They also filled in the O-LIFE measure of schizotypy (Mason et al., 2005). For Unusual Experiences, and Cognitive Disorganisation, high vignettes received significantly lower ratings than the low vignettes in both short and l...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 2, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Does your messy office make your mind look cluttered? Office appearance and perceivers' judgments about the owner's personality
Discussion centers on how the degree of office messiness might matter in terms of whether perceivers view the office owner as possessing one or more negative personality traits. (Source: Personality and Individual Differences)
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Performance while distracted: The effect of cognitive styles and working memory
In this study, we examine the effects of cognitive styles (i.e., creating and planning) and working memory on task accuracy, in a distracting context. Undergraduate students participated in a lab study where they completed a Microsoft Excel task under conditions of distraction, the cognitive styles indicator (CoSI), the operation span (O-Span) task, and the Wonderlic Personnel Test (WPT-R). Controlling for general mental ability (GMA), we found a direct effect of creating on task accuracy. However, we observed no significant moderating effects of working memory on the effects of creating and planning on task accuracy. Our ...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - November 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Meaning in life as a predictor of optimism: How parents mattering matters to Asian and European Americans
Publication date: 1 February 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 138Author(s): Elizabeth A. Yu, Edward C. ChangAbstractThe present study sought to examine for the relationship between meaning in life (i.e., presence of and searching for) and optimism and the role of parents mattering (i.e., importance of parents' well-being) between European Americans and Asian Americans. Participants included 201 European American (136 female & 65 male) and 187 Asian American (117 female & 70 male) college students. A cross-sectional survey study design was utilized. Results of hierarchical regression analys...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 31, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Self-concept clarity and psychological adjustment in adolescence: The mediating role of emotion regulation
This study examined whether emotion regulation mediated the relationship between self-concept clarity and psychological adjustment in a sample of adolescents (N = 922) aged 14–16 years. Findings showed that the more adolescents had a clear idea of themselves the more they were effective in emotion regulation when dealing with both positive and negative emotions, and the more they were psychologically adjusted. (Source: Personality and Individual Differences)
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 29, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

A Flynn Effect in Kuwait, 1985–1998
Publication date: 1 February 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 138Author(s): Edward Dutton, Salaheldin Farah Attallah Bakhiet, Abdulkarim Hussein Alhossein, Yossry Ahmed Sayed EssaAbstractAn analysis of Kuwaiti children's IQs, published by the Kuwaiti Ministry of Education, is translated, corrected, and presented in English for the first time. It is shown that among large representative samples of Kuwaiti children aged between 6 and 14, there was a Flynn Effect on a similarities-type test between 1985 and 1998 of 5.3 points per decade. It is argued that as this occurred in a context of increasingly...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 27, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The more similar, the more warmth: The effect of parent-child perceived facial resemblance on parenting behavior
Publication date: 1 February 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 138Author(s): Quanlei Yu, Qiuying Zhang, Qing Xiong, Shenghua Jin, Hong Zou, Yafei GuoAbstractVia internal fertilization, fathers face the risk of paternal uncertainty. Parent-child facial resemblance is a good index to assess genetic resemblance. Previous studies have shown that parent-child facial resemblance significantly influences parental investment. Therefore, parent-child facial resemblance may predict father's parenting behaviors, but not the mother's behaviors. The purpose of the present study was to explore the effect of pare...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 27, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Who needs friends? Personality as a predictor of social surrogate use
We report the results of an intensive two-week study in which participants completed initial measures of personality and then reported on social surrogacy using an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) approach. Results indicated that social surrogacy is widely prevalent, but there is variability in the types of behaviors used. Modest support was found for the idea that traits relevant to fear of rejection (but not needs for affiliation) are associated with social surrogate use. (Source: Personality and Individual Differences)
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 26, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Age- and gender-related differences in the structure and the meaning of personal values
Publication date: 1 February 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 138Author(s): Ingwer BorgAbstractPrevious research has shown that persons' ratings of the importance of personal values differ for men and women, and also for persons of different age. Differences in the structure and the meaning of values have, however, not been studied systematically. We looked at this question from the perspective of the most established value theory (Schwartz, 1992) and the related PVQ21 scale, using data of the European Social Survey 2012 (N = 50,408) and of a recent German survey on crime prevention (N = 3...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 25, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

On the relationship between Openness to Experience, political orientation, and pro-environmental behavior
Publication date: 1 February 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 138Author(s): Sina A. Klein, Daniel W. Heck, Gerhard Reese, Benjamin E. HilbigAbstractPrevious research consistently showed that Openness to Experience is positively linked to pro-environmental behavior. However, this does not appear to hold whenever pro-environmental behavior is mutually exclusive with cooperation. The present study aimed to replicate this null effect of Openness and to test political orientation as explanatory variable: Openness is associated with a left-wing/liberal political orientation, which, in turn, is associate...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 25, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Further evidence for associations between short-term mating strategy and sexual disgust
Publication date: 1 February 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 138Author(s): Kieran J. O'Shea, Lisa M. DeBruine, Benedict C. JonesAbstractAl-Shawaf et al. (2015, Evolution & Human Behavior, 36, 199–205) found that people who were more interested in pursuing a short-term mating strategy (indexed by higher total scores on the Revised Sociosexual Orientation Inventory) reported less sexual disgust (indexed by lower scores on the sexual disgust subscale of the Three Domain Disgust Scale). By contrast with these results for sexual disgust, Al-Shawaf et al. (2015) observed no significant associ...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 25, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Longitudinal study predicting burnout in Spanish nurses: The role of neuroticism and emotional coping
Publication date: 1 February 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 138Author(s): Joana Fornés-Vives, Gloria García-Banda, Dolores Frias-Navarro, Marcos Pascual-SolerAbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate whether nursing students' neuroticism trait and coping styles can predict nurses' professional burnout. A three-wave longitudinal study with a time lag of 6 years was conducted, following nursing students from three Spanish universities until they joined the health labor market. The sample consisted in 249 students in the first year of their nursing studies (T1), 199 at...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 24, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The moderating role of narcissism on the relationship between posttraumatic growth and PTSD symptoms
ConclusionsIn individuals scoring low on narcissism, PTG might reflect an authentic non-deceptive experience and a low degree of or no PTSD symptoms, while in high-scoring individuals, it is associated with deceptive processes and PTSD symptoms, hinting at the non-adaptive nature of PTG in individuals scoring high in narcissism. (Source: Personality and Individual Differences)
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 24, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Working Memory and Processing Speed mediate the effect of age on a General Ability Construct: Evidence from the Italian WAIS-IV standardization sample
Publication date: 1 February 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 138Author(s): Lina Pezzuti, Marco Lauriola, Erika Borella, Rossana De Beni, Cesare CornoldiAbstractWe used structural equation modeling to study individual age-related differences in working memory, processing speed, and the general ability of intelligence. The study took advantage of the Italian Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale 4th edition (WAIS-IV) standardization sample (N = 2174) to obtain separate measures of working memory, processing speed, and general ability. Core and supplemental subtests were administered to 16–90...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 24, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

General mental ability and decision-making competence: Theoretically distinct but empirically redundant
Publication date: 1 February 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 138Author(s): Nikki Blacksmith, Tara S. Behrend, Reeshad S. Dalal, Theodore L. HayesAbstractDecision-making competence (DMC) has potential utility in incrementally predicting decision-making behavior relative to general mental ability (g). However, prior research presents an incomplete depiction of the degree to which these two constructs overlap. This paper evaluated both theoretical and empirical discriminant validity evidence for DMC. Theoretically, DMC and g are distinct constructs though highly interconnected; both constructs exist...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 24, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The core self-evaluation scale: A replication of bi-factor dimensionality, reliability, and criterion validity
Publication date: 1 February 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 138Author(s): Trent Henderson, Elliroma GardinerAbstractThe core self-evaluation scale (CSES) is the most popularly used measure of core self-evaluations. However, recent research has highlighted the potential existence of a negative wording factor (NWF) associated with the negatively-worded items of the CSES. Discounting the effects of a NWF may lead to biased estimates of the reliability and criterion-related validity of the CSES. The current research investigated whether the NWF found in previous research could be replicated in three...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 24, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Comparison of original and revised reinforcement sensitivity theory in clinically-stable schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients
ConclusionSC, BD, and HC differ on both o-RST and r-RST; however, the more nuanced knowledge from r-RST may be helpful in the diagnosis, etiology and psychotherapy. (Source: Personality and Individual Differences)
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 24, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Who is the most demanding of them all? A multisource investigation of other-oriented perfectionism, socially prescribed perfectionism, and depressive symptoms
Publication date: 1 February 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 138Author(s): Martin M. Smith, Simon B. Sherry, Maria Glowacka, Tamara A. Speth, Sherry H. Stewart, Donald H. Saklofske, Marianne E. EthersonAbstractPeople high on socially prescribed perfectionism perceive intense external pressures to be perfect, and these pressures place them at risk for depressive symptoms. Likewise, the external pressures experienced by people high on socially prescribed perfectionism appear, in part, to be a legitimate response to members of their social network (influencers) who demand perfection from others (oth...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 24, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

From personality to passion: The role of the Big Five factors
Publication date: 1 February 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 138Author(s): Julien Dalpé, Martin Demers, Jérémie Verner-Filion, Robert J. VallerandAbstractThe present research investigated the role of the personality traits and facets of the Big Five Model in harmonious (HP) and obsessive (OP) passion. A total of 284 participants completed an online questionnaire measuring personality traits and facets, HP and OP, and positive and negative affect. Results from correlational and structural equation modeling analyses revealed that the conscientiousness, openness to experience, a...
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 23, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Editorial Board/Publication Information
Publication date: 15 January 2019Source: Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 137Author(s): (Source: Personality and Individual Differences)
Source: Personality and Individual Differences - October 21, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research