Reconstruction Special Edition, Issue 1
The following four articles are the first part of a special series highlighting important aspects of Head and Neck Reconstruction. These peer-reviewed papers are grouped into four different categories: 1) Quality and Value; 2) Uncommon but versatile microvascular free flaps 3) Subsite reconstruction; and 4) Perioperative considerations. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - November 1, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Matthew Old Source Type: research
Editorial Board/Aims & Scope
(Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - November 1, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Assessing the role of immune system in cancer progression from minimal residual disease
The immune system plays a major role in resisting the development and progression of cancer. Analysis of the molecular mechanisms of immune resistance to cancer has led to the formulation of several immunotherapeutic strategies. Although the immune system is portrayed in the literature as an effective tool for primary cancer control, its role in the development of recurrent tumors was relatively unexplored. It is well established that most cancers contain a subpopulation of cancer cells, that possess an inherent survival instinct which aids them to adopt a dormant state when subjected to stress [1 –4]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - October 26, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: A. Thirumal Raj, Shankargouda Patil, Chandini Rajkumar, Sachin Sarode Tags: Letter to the editor Source Type: research
A multicenter study of malignant oral and maxillofacial lesions in children and adolescents
Children and adolescents constitute about a third of the world ’s population and their health status is important for every country [1]. They represent the future, and ensuring their healthy growth and development should be a major concern of all societies [2]. Cancer in children and adolescents represents a group of diseases considered rare, with an incidenc e of 0.01% in the age range of 0–19years in developed countries [3]. When compared to adult malignancies, it corresponds to 2–3% of all malignant tumors [4]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - October 25, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jos é Alcides Almeida de Arruda, Leni Verônica de Oliveira Silva, Camila de Nazaré Alves de Oliveira Kato, Lauren Frenzel Schuch, Aline Carvalho Batista, Nádia Lago Costa, Sandra Beatriz Chaves Tarquinio, Elena Riet Correa Rivero, Vinícius Coelho Car Source Type: research
Risk of contralateral nodal failure following ipsilateral IMRT for node-positive tonsillar cancer
Unilateral node-positive tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma is typically treated with radiotherapy to both the oropharynx and bilateral neck to limit the risk of contralateral regional failure. An unfortunate consequence of bilateral neck irradiation is significant dose delivery to the salivary glands, potentially leading to chronic xerostomia [1]. In recent years, ipsilateral neck irradiation for well-lateralized tonsillar cancer with limited nodal involvement has become increasingly accepted for its ability to spare the contralateral salivary glands and other normal tissue, thereby decreasing xerostomia and other morbidit...
Source: Oral Oncology - October 24, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sujana Gottumukkala, Nhat-Long Pham, Baran Sumer, Larry Myers, John Truelson, Lucien Nedzi, Saad Khan, Randy Hughes, David J. Sher Source Type: research
Circulating tumour cell PD-L1 test for head and neck cancers
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) arises from a number of distinct locations in the upper aerodigestive tract, including the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx [1]. Whilst the treatment of local disease has improved over the last few decades, locoregionally advanced disease has remained a challenge, requiring a multimodal approach of surgery and chemo/radiation therapy [2,3]. Despite intensive efforts, the global 5-year survival of HNSCC remains poor (40 –50%), although in Australia this is now in excess of 60% [4,5]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - October 24, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Arutha Kulasinghe, Liz Kenny, Chamindie Punyadeera Tags: Perspectives Source Type: research
Improving margin revision: Characterization of tumor bed margins in early oral tongue cancer
Margin evaluation is performed to assess the adequacy of tumor removal [1]. One of the quality initiatives introduced by the American Head and Neck Society deals with the management of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) extending to margins [2]. There are two major approaches to the sampling of margins [3 –7]. In the specimen-driven approach, margin clearance is assessed from en bloc resection specimens. Studies have shown that the most relevant margins are those derived from the resection specimen [8–16]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - October 24, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Arpan V. Prabhu, Charles D. Sturgis, Chi Lai, Jessica H. Maxwell, Mihai Merzianu, Juan C. Hernandez-Prera, Bibianna Purgina, Lester D.R. Thompson, Madalina Tuluc, Xiu Yang, Raja R. Seethala, Robert L. Ferris, Simion I. Chiosea Source Type: research
Cell-free nucleic acids in body fluids as biomarkers for the prediction and early detection of recurrent head and neck cancer: A systematic review of the literature
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) comprise malignant tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract. Major risk factors are tobacco smoking, betel nut chewing, alcohol consumption, and human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Oropharyngeal HNSCCs are attributable to HPV infection in 30.8% of cases worldwide [1]. Furthermore, HNSCC accounts for 3.8% of all cancer types with an estimated global incidence of approximately 600,000 patients each year [2]. This number is predicted to rise 62% by 2035, which is probably being caused by shifts in etiological and sociodemographic factors [3 –6]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - October 23, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Joost H. van Ginkel, Fons J.B. Slieker, Remco de Bree, Robert J.J. van Es, Ellen M. Van Cann, Stefan M. Willems Tags: Review Source Type: research
Outcome by treatment modality in sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC): A case-series, systematic review and meta-analysis
Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) is a rare malignancy first described by Frierson et al. [1] in 1986. Frierson already recognized the aggressive behaviour of this malignancy, describing a median survival of 4 months in his series, where the vast majority of patients were treated with radiotherapy alone [1]. According to data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, the estimated incidence rate of SNUC is 0.02 per 100,000 [2]. Histologically, SNUC is defined as a small roun d blue cell tumor that is immunohistochemically distinct from other sinonasal malignancies, such as lymphoma,...
Source: Oral Oncology - October 22, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Gr égoire B. Morand, Nanina Anderegg, Domenic Vital, Kristian Ikenberg, Gerhard F. Huber, Michael B. Soyka, Matthias Egger, David Holzmann Source Type: research
Reconstruction after salvage laryngectomy
Over the past few decades, the treatment paradigm of laryngeal cancer has shifted away from upfront surgery and towards organ-preserving non-surgical modalities in the form of radiotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy [1]. The findings of the 1991 VA larynx trial demonstrated that treating patients with advanced stage laryngeal cancer using radiotherapy and chemotherapy had comparable survival outcomes to patients treated with upfront surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. The major advantage achieved with the induction chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimen was that 64% of patients treated non-surgically retained their lar...
Source: Oral Oncology - October 21, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: David H. Yeh, Axel Sahovaler, Kevin Fung Source Type: research
Transoral robotic surgery-based therapy in patients with stage III-IV oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
The main treatment modalities for stage III-IV oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) are surgery, radiotherapy (RTx), chemotherapy, or combined therapies. Conventional surgical approaches such as mandibulotomy or composite resection show high morbidity rates associated with treatment and postoperatively induce deterioration of the voice and swallowing function [1,2]. Therefore, concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRTx) is mainly used in patients with advanced OPSCC as an organ-preserving strategy. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - October 21, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Young Min Park, Hye Ryun Kim, Byoung Chul Cho, Ki Chang Keum, Nam Hoon Cho, Se-Heon Kim Source Type: research
Clinical implications of pathologic factors after thyroid lobectomy in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignant tumor of the thyroid gland. The disease-specific survival rate for PTC is excellent and the 10-year overall survival rate is over 90% [1,2]. Various clinicopathologic factors such as age, sex, tumor size, extrathyroidal extension (ETE) and distant metastasis are known to be associated with prognosis. For tumor size, Bilimoria et al. reported that total thyroidectomy should be recommended for PTCs larger than 1cm because of poor overall survival compared with PTCs smaller than 1cm [3]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - October 18, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Young Min Park, Doh Young Lee, Kyung Ho Oh, Jae-Gu Cho, Seung-Kuk Baek, Soon-Young Kwon, Kwang-Yoon Jung, Jeong-Soo Woo Source Type: research
Elderly patients affected by head and neck squamous cell carcinoma unfit for standard curative treatment: Is de-intensified, hypofractionated radiotherapy a feasible strategy?
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represents the sixth most common malignant tumor worldwide, with over 600.000 new cases diagnosed per year [1]. In last 15 years, human papilloma virus (HPV) infection has been recognized to account for a distinct epidemiologic trend occurring mainly in western countries, leading to a rising incidence of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) particularly in male patients in their 5 th decade of life [2,3]. Next to the pathoge nesis of HPV-driven OPC [4], the development of HNSCC is still largely the result of a chronic exposure to tobacco and alcohol – induced field cancerization [...
Source: Oral Oncology - October 12, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Pierluigi Bonomo, Isacco Desideri, Mauro Loi, Monica Lo Russo, Emanuela Olmetto, Virginia Maragna, Giulio Francolini, Camilla Delli Paoli, Roberta Grassi, Donato Pezzulla, Daniela Greto, Icro Meattini, Lorenzo Livi Source Type: research
A high ratio of IL-12R β2-positive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes indicates favorable prognosis in laryngeal cancer
An estimated 13,430 newly diagnosed laryngeal cancer (LC) cases and 3620 deaths were in the U.S in 2016 [1], while the National Central Cancer Registry of China Report showed that about 26,400 new LC cases and 14,500 cancer deaths occurred in China in 2015, with increasing incidence and mortality in recent years [2]. In LC, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are frequently found [3], and various laryngeal TILs and cytokines integrate with the immune system to either kill or promote tumors and thereby have roles in the elimination, equilibrium, and escape phases of cancer immunoediting and tumor progression [4,5]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - October 12, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ye Tao, Neil Gross, Yehai Liu, Liyong Zhang, Guojun Li, Zhigang Huang, Jianming Yang Source Type: research
Corrigendum to “Long-term results of a phase II study of gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy combined with intensity-modulated radiotherapy in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma” [Oral Oncol. 73 (2017) 118–123]
To evaluate long-term results of a phase II study of induction and adjuvant gemcitabine and cisplatin (GP) chemotherapy with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - October 12, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Mingyao Wu, Dan Ou, Xiayun He, Chaosu Hu Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research
