Submental artery island flap versus free flap reconstruction of lateral facial soft tissue and parotidectomy defects: Comparison of outcomes and patient factors
Complex parotid and lateral skull base defects represent a challenge for optimal reconstruction [1]. Additionally many of these patients will require adjuvant radiation and so it is prudent to utilize well-vascularized tissue to help minimize complications such as osteoradionecrosis and limit volume loss [2]. Historically, options were very limited or absent in regard to a local/regional tissue type that has the ideal volume and color match for complex lateral facial reconstruction. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - February 11, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Akshay V. Patel, Jason E. Thuener, Kate Clancy, Mustafa Ascha, Nauman F. Manzoor, Chad A. Zender Source Type: research
Baseline peripheral blood leukocytosis: Biological marker predicts outcome in oropharyngeal cancer, regardless of HPV-status
Over 500,000 new cases with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are annually diagnosed worldwide [1]. The incidence of HNSCC is increasing mainly because of the increasing number of patients with human papilloma virus (HPV) positive oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) [2]. Currently, 45 –90% of patients newly diagnosed with OPC test positive for HPV infection [3]. Patients with early-stage OPC are nowadays treated either by means of radiotherapy or transoral robotic or laser surgery, with or without adjuvant radiotherapy. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - February 11, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zeno A.R. Gouw, Jan Paul de Boer, Arash Navran, Michiel W.M. van den Brekel, Jan-Jakob Sonke, Abrahim Al-Mamgani Source Type: research
Proteome analysis reveals that de novo regenerated mucosa over fibula flap-reconstructed mandibles resembles mature keratinized oral mucosa
Attached gingiva and fixed keratinized alveolar mucosa are anatomically peculiar entities that are only seen around the alveolar process of dentulous patients and on the crestal ridges of edentulous patients respectively. In patients who need to undergo segmental resection of the jaws for the treatment of pathologies, composite reconstruction is frequently performed with the free fibula flap. Mandibular bony defects are reconstructed using the fibula bone, external skin is replaced with the lateral leg skin, and dental rehabilitation is provided with implant-supported prosthesis [1 –3]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - February 10, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Vinay V. Kumar, Bonney L. James, Manuela Ru ß, Stefan Mikkat, Amritha Suresh, Peer W. Kämmerer, Michael O. Glocker Source Type: research
Comments on “Compositional and functional variations of oral microbiota associated with the mutational changes in oral cancer” by Yang et al.
We read with great interest the article titled “Compositional and functional variations of oral microbiota associated with the mutational changes in oral cancer” by Yang et al. [1]. We greatly appreciate the author’s efforts for exploring the association between mutations in oral cancer and microbiome, thus opening up an interesting avenue in oral microbiome research. Host genetics has already been demonstrated to influence the gut microbiome [2] and the authors of this paper have reported an association between mutations seen in oral cancer with the salivary microbiome. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - February 10, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Divya Gopinath, Rohit Kunnath Menon Tags: Letter to the editor Source Type: research
Latent human papillomavirus type 16 infection is widespread in patients with oropharyngeal cancers
Most oropharyngeal squamous cell cancers (OSCC) are caused by human papillomaviruses (HPVs), primarily HPV16 [1]. HPVs also establish latent infections that can be activated to cause disease [2,3]. The immune system plays a key role in controlling or eliminating viral infections. However, HPVs can circumvent immune control, especially in susceptible patients [4] and patients with HPV-induced recurrent respiratory papillomatosis have a systemic immunologic failure to control latent reactivation [5]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - February 9, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Rong Wu, Francesca Paolini, Douglas Frank, Dev Kamdar, Gianfranca Curzio, Barbara Pichi, Raul Pellini, Giuseppe Spriano, Vincent R. Bonagura, Aldo Venuti, Bettie M. Steinberg Tags: Letter to the editor Source Type: research
Sequential injection of radioactive nanosized colloids followed by indocyanine green for sentinel lymph node detection in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A proof of concept
Radioactive colloids are routinely employed in sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection procedures [1 –5]. Indocyanine green (ICG) with near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging has also been successfully used in SLN procedures [6–8]. However, minimal skin incisions were not achievable. Hybrid dyes, combining ICG and radioactive colloids, have also been used in SLN procedures [9,10]. However, the use of a hybrid dye will require market authorization and investment to elaborate the tracer. In head and neck cancers, SLN mapping using sequential injection of a radioactive colloid followed by ICG has not been described yet. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - February 8, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Antoine Digonnet, Romain Barbieux, Marie Quiriny, Esther Willemse, Michel Moreau, Nicolas de Saint Aubain, Matteo Cappello, Pierre Bourgeois Tags: Letter to the editor Source Type: research
Bowman Birk Inhibitors (BBI) in interception of inflammation and malignant transformation of OPMDs
The most implausible aspect of cancer therapy is to develop drugs to seize the progression of initial stages of carcinogenesis, preferably termed as known as chemopreventive agents [1]. Though studies support oral premalignancy to be an ideal study model for chemopreventive agents [2], curbing oral cancer by concentrating on dietary chemoprevention agents are yet to be developed with time [3]. The example study being of 13-cis-retinoic acid, which was ratified successful till cessation of therapy reverted the premalignancy, making it a gross disappointment [2]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - February 8, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Dr. Samapika Routray Tags: Letter to the editor Source Type: research
New research directions for areca nut/betel quid and oral submucous fibrosis for holistic prevention and treatment
Areca nut and betel nut use is now a rampant global problem particularly seen in the South Asian countries, with implications for systemic health, oral health and psychological health [1]. The most threatening and direct effect being oral sub-mucous fibrosis (OSMF) and oral cancer [2]. Literature is flooded with policies and guidelines on various aspects of this important global issue. However, we believe the current strategies are weak at the grass root level as they do not address the underlying psychosocial disturbance and poor systemic health status, and correction can generate more effective policies towards holistic ...
Source: Oral Oncology - February 8, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sachin C. Sarode, Prashanth Panta, Gargi S. Sarode, Amol R. Gadbail, Shailesh M. Gondivkar, Shankargouda Patil Tags: Letter to the editor Source Type: research
Evaluating oropharyngeal carcinoma with transcervical ultrasound, CT, and MRI
The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPC) has increased significantly worldwide [1]. Trends in OPC are attributed to increasing oral exposure to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection [2]. Indeed, approximately 70% of OPCs in the United States are attributable to HPV [3]. HPV-positive OPC (HPV-OPC) are typically small tumors that arise within lymphoid-associated epithelial crypts of the palatine and lingual tonsils [4], rendering clinical and radiographic imaging difficult [5 –11]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - February 6, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Farhoud Faraji, Stephanie F. Coquia, Meghan B. Wenderoth, Ericka S. Padilla, Dana Blitz, M. Robert DeJong, Nafi Aygun, Ulrike M. Hamper, Carole Fakhry Source Type: research
Oncologic and functional outcomes of pretreatment tracheotomy in advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A multi-institutional analysis
The management of advanced stage laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) continues to be debated. Both the Veteran ’s Affairs (VA) Laryngeal Trial and the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) Trial 91-11 have shown similar survival rates between surgical and non-surgical (organ preservation) cohorts [1,2]. However, there is compelling evidence that the increased treatment of locally advanced laryngeal cance r with chemoradiation is implicated in decreased overall survival when comparing the pre- and post-organ preservation eras [3]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - February 6, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Serena A. Byrd, Mary J. Xu, Lauren M. Cass, Daniel J. Wehrmann, Matthew Naunheim, Kara Christopher, John J. Dombrowski, Ronald J. Walker, Lori Wirth, John Clark, Paul Busse, Annie Chan, Daniel G. Deschler, Kevin Emerick, Derrick T. Lin, Mark A. Varvares Source Type: research
STING activation enhances cetuximab-mediated NK cell activation and DC maturation and correlates with HPV+ status in head and neck cancer
HNSCC is the sixth leading cancer by incidence worldwide. The etiology of HNSCC can be divided in two groups, tobacco and alcohol related and HPV related. HPV is a circular double-stranded DNA virus that can integrate into host DNA, and can inactivate tumor suppressor proteins p53 and retinoblastoma protein (pRb) by expression of viral E6 and E7, respectively [1,2]. The presence of high risk subtypes of HPV in tumor cells, including HPV type 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, and 58, has identified a subgroup of HNSCC patients with a better prognosis [3,4] and better chemoradiotherapy response [5,6]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - February 6, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Shanhong Lu, Fernando Concha-Benavente, Gulidanna Shayan, Raghvendra M. Srivastava, Sandra P. Gibson, Lin Wang, William E. Gooding, Robert L. Ferris Source Type: research
Comparison of clinical, radiological and morphological features including the distribution of HPV E6/E7 oncogenes in resection specimens of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-driven oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is acknowledged as a distinct entity in the 4th edition of the WHO/IARC Classification of Head and Neck Tumours and in the 8th edition of the UICC TNM Staging Manual [1,2]. The rationale behind these major changes is based on the numerous studies published during the past two decades, establishing a unique and distinct tumour type of HPV-driven OPSCC in terms of anatomy, pathology and clinical profile. The E6 and E7 oncogenes are considered as the driving factors of HPV-driven OPSCC, and they are essential in distinguishing between non-active H...
Source: Oral Oncology - February 6, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hani Ibrahim Channir, Katalin Kiss, Niclas Rubek, Jane Andersen, Jeanette B æhr Georgsen, Gulla Søby Rathje, Birgitte Wittenborg Charabi, Christian von Buchwald, Christel Bræmer Lajer Source Type: research
Heterogeneity and irregularity of pretreatment 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography improved prognostic stratification of p16-negative high-risk squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-unrelated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has dismal prognosis [1,2]. Based on the RTOG-0129 study, patients with a history of heavy smoking (>10 pack-years) or T4 disease have greater risk of disease progression or death [1,3,4]. Immunohistochemical analysis of p16 is used as a surrogate marker for HPV infection. For p16-negative OPSCC, O ’Sullivan et al. introduced rearrangement of the T- and N-stage cancer and classified patients into low- (T1–T2, no N3 disease) and high-risk (T3–T4 or N3) groups of distant metastases [5,6]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - February 4, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Nai-Ming Cheng, Yu-Hua Dean Fang, Din-Li Tsan, Li-Yu Lee, Joseph Tung-Chieh Chang, Hung-Ming Wang, Shu-Hang Ng, Chun-Ta Liao, Lan-Yan Yang, Tzu-Chen Yen Source Type: research
CD70 as a target for chimeric antigen receptor T cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer in the world, with an estimated 63,030 new diagnosed cases and 13,360 deaths in 2017 [1]. Moreover, recurrent and metastatic cases increase annually and treatment is mostly limited to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Targeted therapies using epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-blocking monoclonal antibody, either alone or in combination with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, were recently introduced. However, treatments have been limited due to unfavorable toxicity and new treatment options are still urgently needed to improve patient outc...
Source: Oral Oncology - February 3, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yuk Pheel Park, Linchun Jin, Katie B. Bennett, Dunrui Wang, Kristianna M. Fredenburg, Jennifer E. Tseng, Lung ‐Ji Chang, Jianping Huang, Edward K.L. Chan Source Type: research
Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiation versus concurrent chemoradiation alone in the definitive management of p16-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with low-neck or N3 disease
Concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) is the standard of care for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LAHNSCC) [1 –3]. The addition of induction chemotherapy (ICT) to CCRT has been investigated as a method of further improving outcomes among these patients, but its application remains controversial. Several randomized clinical trials have performed a comparison of ICT followed by CCRT to CCRT alone in LAHNSCC ; the majority of these studies have not demonstrated a survival benefit with the addition of ICT [4–8]. (Source: Oral Oncology)
Source: Oral Oncology - February 3, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Onita Bhattasali, Jeannie Han, Lester D.R. Thompson, Gary L. Buchschacher, Iman A. Abdalla, Shawn Iganej Source Type: research
