Site and mechanism of uncoupling of nitric-oxide synthase: Uncoupling by monomerization and other misconceptions
Publication date: 1 August 2019Source: Nitric Oxide, Volume 89Author(s): Verena Gebhart, Katja Reiß, Alexander Kollau, Bernd Mayer, Antonius C.F. GorrenAbstractNitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the transformation of l-arginine, molecular oxygen (O2), and NADPH-derived electrons to nitric oxide (NO) and l-citrulline. Under some conditions, however, NOS catalyzes the reduction of O2 to superoxide (O2−) instead, a phenomenon that is generally referred to as uncoupling. In principle, both the heme in the oxygenase domain and the flavins in the reductase domain could catalyze O2− formation. In the former case the oxyfe...
Source: Nitric Oxide - April 30, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Characterization of plant glutamine synthetase S-nitrosation
Publication date: Available online 23 April 2019Source: Nitric OxideAuthor(s): Liliana S. Silva, Mariana Q. Alves, Ana R. Seabra, Helena G. CarvalhoAbstractThe identification of S-nitrosated substrates and their target cysteine residues is a crucial step to understand the signaling functions of nitric oxide (NO) inside the cells. Here, we show that the key nitrogen metabolic enzyme glutamine synthetase (GS) is a S-nitrosation target in Medicago truncatula and characterize the molecular determinants and the effects of this NO-induced modification on different GS isoenzymes. We found that all the four M. truncatula GS isofor...
Source: Nitric Oxide - April 25, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Site and mechanism of uncoupling of nitric-oxide synthase uncoupling by monomerization and other misconceptions
Publication date: Available online 22 April 2019Source: Nitric OxideAuthor(s): Verena Gebhart, Katja Reiß, Alexander Kollau, Bernd Mayer, Antonius C.F. GorrenAbstractNitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the transformation of L-arginine, molecular oxygen (O2), and NADPH-derived electrons to nitric oxide (NO) and L-citrulline. Under some conditions, however, NOS catalyzes the reduction of O2 to superoxide (O2−) instead, a phenomenon that is generally referred to as uncoupling. In principle, both the heme in the oxygenase domain and the flavins in the reductase domain could catalyze O2− formation. In the former case the...
Source: Nitric Oxide - April 23, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Nitric oxide and interactions with reactive oxygen species in the development of melanoma, breast, and colon cancer: A redox signaling perspective
Publication date: Available online 19 April 2019Source: Nitric OxideAuthor(s): Hugo P. Monteiro, Elaine G. Rodrigues, Adriana K.C. Amorim Reis, Luiz S. Longo, Fernando T. Ogata, Ana I.S. Moretti, Paulo E. da Costa, Ana C.S. Teodoro, Maytê S. Toledo, Arnold SternAbstractCancer development is closely related to chronic inflammation, which is associated with identifiable markers of tumor progression, such as uncontrolled cell proliferation, angiogenesis, genomic instability, chemotherapeutic resistance, and metastases. Redox processes mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) within the inflammatory tum...
Source: Nitric Oxide - April 20, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: 1 June 2019Source: Nitric Oxide, Volume 87Author(s): (Source: Nitric Oxide)
Source: Nitric Oxide - April 19, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Regulation of human inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by an upstream open reading frame
Publication date: Available online 18 April 2019Source: Nitric OxideAuthor(s): Fabian Gather, Katja Schmitz, Kathrin Koch, Lea-Marie Vogt, Andrea Pautz, Hartmut KleinertAbstractThe human inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene contains an upstream open reading frame (uORF) in its 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) implying a translational regulation of iNOS expression. Transfection experiments in human DLD-1 cells revealed that the uORF although translatable seems not to inhibit the translation start at the bona fide ATG. Our data clearly show that human iNOS translation is cap-dependent and that the 5′-UTR of the...
Source: Nitric Oxide - April 19, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Influence of two functional polymorphisms in NOS1 on baseline cortisol and working memory in healthy subjects
ConclusionFor the first time, we demonstrated an influence of the NOS1 ex1c-SNP rs41279104 on salivary cortisol levels and additionally implicate the A-allele in an enhanced reaction time during a working memory task. Regarding the NOS1 ex1f-VNTR our study supports the previously reported influence on impulsivity, lending further support to the hypothesis that this genetic variant underlies impulsive behavior. (Source: Nitric Oxide)
Source: Nitric Oxide - April 17, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Reciprocal regulation of sulfite oxidation and nitrite reduction by mitochondrial sulfite oxidase
In conclusion, we propose a pH-dependent reciprocal regulation of sulfite oxidation and nitrite reduction by each substrate, thus facilitating quick responses to hypoxia induced changes in the IMS, which may function in protecting the cell from reactive oxygen species production. (Source: Nitric Oxide)
Source: Nitric Oxide - April 17, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
The effect of nitric oxide on mitochondrial respiration
This article reviews the interactions between nitric oxide (NO) and mitochondrial respiration. Mitochondrial ATP synthesis is responsible for virtually all energy production in mammals, and every other process in living organisms ultimately depends on that energy production. Furthermore, both necrosis and apoptosis, that summarize the main forms of cell death, are intimately linked to mitochondrial integrity.Endogenous and exogenous •NO inhibits mitochondrial respiration by different well-studied mechanisms and several nitrogen derivatives. Instantaneously, low concentrations of •NO, specifically and reversibly inhibit...
Source: Nitric Oxide - April 16, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Reactive nitrogen species induced catalases promote a novel nitrosative stress tolerance mechanism in Vibrio cholerae
Publication date: Available online 11 April 2019Source: Nitric OxideAuthor(s): Sourav Kumar Patra, Sourabh Samaddar, Nilanjan Sinha, Sanjay GhoshAbstractVibrio cholerae faces nitrosative stress during successful colonization in intestine. Very little information is available on the nitrosative stress protective mechanisms of V. cholerae. Reports show that norR regulon control two genes hmpA and nnrS responsible for nitric oxide (NO) detoxification in V. cholerae. In the present study we first time report a novel role V. cholerae catalases under nitrosative stress. Using zymogram analysis of catalase we showed that KatB and...
Source: Nitric Oxide - April 13, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Inorganic nitrate prevents the loss of tight junction proteins and modulates inflammatory events induced by broad-spectrum antibiotics: A role for intestinal microbiota?
This study investigates the impact of nitrate on gut microbiota profile and ensued mucosal effects during dysbiosis. Male Wistar rats were randomly distributed in 4 groups and the drinking water was supplemented for 7 days as follows: 1) antibiotic cocktail (neomycin, bacitracin and imipenem), 2) antibiotic cocktail + sodium nitrate, 3) sodium nitrate and 4) regular drinking water. Animals were weighted daily and feces were collected before and after the treatment. The stomach was isolated and the expression of occludin, claudin-5 as well as myeloperoxidase and iNOS was studied. Bacterial DNA was analyzed in fecal sample...
Source: Nitric Oxide - April 11, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Deciphering the nitric oxide, cyanide and iron-mediated actions of sodium nitroprusside in cotyledons of salt stressed sunflower seedlings
Publication date: Available online 19 March 2019Source: Nitric OxideAuthor(s): Monika Keisham, Prachi Jain, Neha Singh, Christine von Toerne, Satish C. Bhatla, Christian LindermayrAbstractNitric oxide (NO) is an endogenous signaling molecule in plants. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), an established NO donor used in plant science research, simultaneously releases NO, cyanide (CN−) and iron (Fe) in solution. Since cyanide and iron mask NO effect of SNP, its use in NO research is debatable. Deciphering the action of SNP through NO, CN− or Fe has been undertaken in the present work. Cotyledons from salt stressed sunflower seed...
Source: Nitric Oxide - March 21, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Angiotensin-(1-7) induced vascular relaxation in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Publication date: Available online 14 March 2019Source: Nitric OxideAuthor(s): Feng Zhang, Haiyang Tang, Shuo Sun, Yuru Luo, Xingsheng Ren, Aidong Chen, Yu Xu, Peng Li, Ying HanAbstractEnhanced vasoconstriction and decreased vasodilatation due to endothelial dysfunction contribute to the progression of hypertension. Angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7) plays important roles in regulating the cardiovascular activity. The current study aimed to investigate the roles of Ang-(1-7) in modulating blood pressure, vascular tension and its signal pathway in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The effects of intravenous injection of drugs wer...
Source: Nitric Oxide - March 15, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Exercise training augments neuronal nitric oxide synthase dimerization in the paraventricular nucleus of rats with chronic heart failure
Publication date: Available online 13 March 2019Source: Nitric OxideAuthor(s): Neeru M. Sharma, Xuefei Liu, Tamra L. Llewellyn, Kenichi Katsurada, Kaushik P. PatelAbstractExercise training (ExT) is an established non-pharmacological therapy that improves the health and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Exaggerated sympathetic drive characterizes CHF due to an imbalance of the autonomic nervous system. Neuronal nitric oxide synthases (nNOS) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) produce nitric oxide (NO•), which is known to regulate the sympathetic tone. Previously we have shown that during CHF, ...
Source: Nitric Oxide - March 14, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Altered neurovascular coupling and brain arginine metabolism in endothelial nitric oxide synthase deficient mice
Publication date: Available online 13 March 2019Source: Nitric OxideAuthor(s): Ashwini Hariharan, Yu Jing, Nicola D. Collie, Hu Zhang, Ping LiuAbstractNitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) is a key regulator of cerebral blood flow (CBF) dynamics. Mice with eNOS deficiency (eNOS−/-) display age-related increases in amyloid beta in the brain and memory deficits, implicating eNOS dysfunction in the neuropathogenesis and/or development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present study systematically investigated behavioural, CBF and brain arginine metabolic profile changes in male and female wildtype (WT)...
Source: Nitric Oxide - March 13, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
