Anti-cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A (cN1A) autoantibodies in motor neuron diseases
Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is the most common acquired muscle disease in patients older than 50 years. Asymmetric weakness and early involvement of quadriceps and forearm flexors are key clinical features. Muscle biopsy remains the gold standard diagnostic test, which has high specificity, but low sensitivity.1 In addition to the canonical pathologic features of IBM, upregulation of major histocompatibility complex class I and accumulation of various proteins (p62, SMI-31, and TDP-43) have been adopted to the 2011 European Neuromuscular Center diagnostic criteria for IBM.1 The recent identification of anti-cytosolic 5'-...
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Liewluck, T. Tags: Anterior nerve cell disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Muscle disease CLINICAL/SCIENTIFIC NOTES Source Type: research
Effect of concussion and blast exposure on symptoms after military deployment
Conclusions:
There appears to be a continuum of increasing total symptoms from no exposure to blast exposure plus both current deployment concussion and past concussion. Concussion had a greater influence than blast exposure alone on the presence of postdeployment symptoms. A high blast injury score can be used to triage those exposed to explosive blasts for evaluation. (Source: Neurology)
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Tsao, J. W., Stentz, L. A., Rouhanian, M., Howard, R. S., Perry, B. N., Haran, F. J., Pasquina, P. F., Wolde, M., Taylor, C. E., Lizardo, R., Liu, S., Flores, E., Creason, A. H., Sher, K. Tags: Brain trauma ARTICLE Source Type: research
Subjective cognitive decline and {beta}-amyloid burden predict cognitive change in healthy elderly
Conclusions:
PiB+ individuals with SCD are at greatest risk of cognitive decline. Evidence for amyloid alone is not sufficient to indicate risk of rapid cognitive decline in healthy elderly. Effects of GDS on cognitive decline in nondepressed cohorts may be driven by SCD rather than subsyndromal depression. (Source: Neurology)
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Vogel, J. W., Varga Dolezalova, M., La Joie, R., Marks, S. M., Schwimmer, H. D., Landau, S. M., Jagust, W. J. Tags: PET, Memory, Alzheimer's disease, Cognitive aging ARTICLE Source Type: research
Prevalence and clinical features of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders in northern Japan
Conclusions:
Our results showed that the prevalence of NMOSD in the Japanese population is similar to that in Caucasians. (Source: Neurology)
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Houzen, H., Kondo, K., Niino, M., Horiuchi, K., Takahashi, T., Nakashima, I., Tanaka, K. Tags: Multiple sclerosis, Devic's syndrome, Optic neuritis; see Neuro-ophthalmology/Optic Nerve, Transverse myelitis, Prevalence studies ARTICLE Source Type: research
Increasing prevalence of vascular risk factors in patients with stroke: A call to action
Conclusions:
Despite numerous guidelines and prevention initiatives, prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, and drug abuse in AIS increased across the 2004–2014 period. Proportion of patients with carotid stenosis, CRF, and multiple risk factors also increased. Enhanced risk factor modification strategies and implementation of evidence-based recommendations are needed for optimal stroke prevention. (Source: Neurology)
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Otite, F. O., Liaw, N., Khandelwal, P., Malik, A. M., Romano, J. G., Rundek, T., Sacco, R. L., Chaturvedi, S. Tags: Stroke prevention, Embolism, Prevalence studies, Risk factors in epidemiology, Infarction ARTICLE Source Type: research
Radiographic and symptomatic brain ischemia in CEA and CAS: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusions:
One in 5 persons with periprocedural radiographic brain ischemia during CEA and CAS had strokes and TIAs. The stable ratio of stroke and TIA to radiographic ischemia suggests that MRI ischemia could serve as a surrogate measure of periprocedural risk. (Source: Neurology)
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Cho, S.-M., Deshpande, A., Pasupuleti, V., Hernandez, A. V., Uchino, K. Tags: MRI, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke ARTICLE Source Type: research
Population-based study of home-time by stroke type and correlation with modified Rankin score
Conclusions:
We showed that home-time is an objective and graded indicator that is correlated with disability after stroke. It is obtainable from administrative data, applicable to different stroke types, and a valuable outcome indicator in population-based health services research. (Source: Neurology)
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Yu, A. Y. X., Rogers, E., Wang, M., Sajobi, T. T., Coutts, S. B., Menon, B. K., Hill, M. D., Smith, E. E. Tags: Outcome research, Medical care, Infarction, Intracerebral hemorrhage ARTICLE Source Type: research
Longitudinal CSF biomarkers in patients with early Parkinson disease and healthy controls
Conclusions:
These core CSF biomarkers remained stable over 6 and 12 months in patients with early PD and HC. PD medication use may influence CSF α-syn. Novel biomarkers are needed to better profile progressive neurodegeneration in PD. (Source: Neurology)
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Mollenhauer, B., Caspell-Garcia, C. J., Coffey, C. S., Taylor, P., Shaw, L. M., Trojanowski, J. Q., Singleton, A., Frasier, M., Marek, K., Galasko, D., For the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative Tags: Outcome research, Parkinson's disease/Parkinsonism, Cohort studies ARTICLE Source Type: research
Longitudinal decline of driving safety in Parkinson disease
Conclusions:
Despite drop out of the more impaired drivers within the PD cohort, returning drivers with PD, who drove like controls without PD at baseline, showed many more driving safety errors than controls after 2 years. Driving decline in PD was predicted by baseline driving performance and deterioration of cognitive, visual, and functional abnormalities on follow-up. (Source: Neurology)
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Uc, E. Y., Rizzo, M., O'Shea, A. M. J., Anderson, S. W., Dawson, J. D. Tags: Quality of life, Parkinson's disease/Parkinsonism, Neuropsychological assessment, Cohort studies ARTICLE Source Type: research
Clinical outcomes of asleep vs awake deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease
Conclusions:
Asleep DBS for PD improved motor outcomes over 6 months on par with or better than awake DBS, was superior with regard to speech fluency and quality of life, and should be an option considered for all patients who are candidates for this treatment.
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier:
NCT01703598.
Classification of evidence:
This study provides Class III evidence that for patients with PD undergoing DBS, asleep intraoperative CT imaging–guided implantation is not significantly different from awake microelectrode recording–guided implantation in improving motor outcomes at 6 months. (Source: Neurology)
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Brodsky, M. A., Anderson, S., Murchison, C., Seier, M., Wilhelm, J., Vederman, A., Burchiel, K. J. Tags: Parkinson's disease/Parkinsonism ARTICLE Source Type: research
Jessica Anne Panzer, MD, PhD (1977-2017)
Jessica Anne Panzer, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Neurology and Pediatrics at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) and The Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, died on May 13, 2017, at age 40 years, after a brief struggle with cancer. (Source: Neurology)
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Banwell, B., Goldberg, E. M., Ortiz-Gonzalez, X. R. Tags: IN MEMORIAM Source Type: research
Big data trends in stroke epidemiology in the United States: But are they good data?
Based on prior epidemiologic studies in the United States, approximately 80% of first-time strokes can be explained by modifiable risk factors such as hypertension, and therefore optimal control or elimination of known risk factors might prevent these strokes.1 Campaigns such as the American Heart Association (AHA) initiative, Life's Simple 7, have set ambitious goals for optimal cardiovascular and stroke risk factor control; in addition, a wealth of online resources are available for an increasingly health-conscious society.2 There are indeed some glimmers of hope. Efforts to prevent stroke, in large part from emphasis on...
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Prabhakaran, S. Tags: EDITORIALS Source Type: research
To sleep or not to sleep during deep brain stimulation surgery for Parkinson disease?
In functional stereotactic neurosurgery, precise placement of lesions or deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes is paramount. From the beginning of the specialty, electrical stimulation of the brain target prior to lesioning, and confirmation of accuracy of targeting by postoperative imaging, have been critical.1 Two schools subsequently evolved: one using macroelectrode stimulation in the awake patient with careful on-table assessment and one using microelectrode recording (MER) to map out boundaries of the target followed by microstimulation to assess efficacy and avoid side effects. For many, the latter technique was a...
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Aziz, T. Z., Hariz, M. Tags: EDITORIALS Source Type: research
Alzheimer dementia's other victim: The spouse
Editor's Note: The initial portion of this essay is an excerpt from the author's book (Before I Forget: Love, Hope, Help, and Acceptance in our Fight Against Alzheimer's. Copyright © 2016 by B. Smith, Dan Gasby, and Michael Shnayerson. Published by Harmony Books, an imprint of Penguin Random House LLC), reprinted with permission. Following this excerpt is an update from the events chronicled in the book. (Source: Neurology)
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Gasby, D. Tags: SPECIAL EDITORIALS Source Type: research
Spotlight on the November 7 issue
(Source: Neurology)
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Gross, R. A. Tags: IN FOCUS Source Type: research
