Diffusible repression of cytokinin signalling produces endodermal symmetry and passage cells
iko Geldner
In vascular plants, the root endodermis surrounds the central vasculature as a protective sheath that is analogous to the polarized epithelium in animals, and contains ring-shaped Casparian strips that restrict diffusion. After an initial lag phase, individual endodermal cells suberize in an apparently random fashion to produce ‘patchy’ suberization that eventually generates a zone of continuous suberin deposition. Casparian strips and suberin lamellae affect paracellular and transcellular transport, respectively. Most angiosperms maintain some isolated cells in an unsuberized state as so-called ‘pas...
Source: Nature - March 14, 2018 Category: Research Authors: Tonni Grube Andersen Sadaf Naseer Robertas Ursache Brecht Wybouw Wouter Smet Bert De Rybel Joop E. M. Vermeer Niko Geldner Tags: Letter Source Type: research
A single-cell RNA-seq survey of the developmental landscape of the human prefrontal cortex
& Xiaoqun Wang
The mammalian prefrontal cortex comprises a set of highly specialized brain areas containing billions of cells and serves as the centre of the highest-order cognitive functions, such as memory, cognitive ability, decision-making and social behaviour. Although neural circuits are formed in the late stages of human embryonic development and even after birth, diverse classes of functional cells are generated and migrate to the appropriate locations earlier in development. Dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex contributes to cognitive deficits and the majority of neurodevelopmental disorders; there is th...
Source: Nature - March 14, 2018 Category: Research Authors: Suijuan Zhong Shu Zhang Xiaoying Fan Qian Wu Liying Yan Ji Dong Haofeng Zhang Long Li Le Sun Na Pan Xiaohui Xu Fuchou Tang Jun Zhang Jie Qiao Xiaoqun Wang Tags: Letter Source Type: research
Dysregulation of expression correlates with rare-allele burden and fitness loss in maize
rd S. Buckler
Here we report a multi-tissue gene expression resource that represents the genotypic and phenotypic diversity of modern inbred maize, and includes transcriptomes in an average of 255 lines in seven tissues. We mapped expression quantitative trait loci and characterized the contribution of rare genetic variants to extremes in gene expression. Some of the new mutations that arise in the maize genome can be deleterious; although selection acts to keep deleterious variants rare, their complete removal is impeded by genetic linkage to favourable loci and by finite population size. Modern maize breeders have s...
Source: Nature - March 14, 2018 Category: Research Authors: Karl A. G. Kremling Shu-Yun Chen Mei-Hsiu Su Nicholas K. Lepak M. Cinta Romay Kelly L. Swarts Fei Lu Anne Lorant Peter J. Bradbury Edward S. Buckler Tags: Letter Source Type: research
Carbon dioxide addition to coral reef waters suppresses net community calcification
We present an estimate of community-scale calcification sensitivity to ocean acidification that is, to our knowledge, the first to be based on a controlled experiment in the natural environment. This estimate provides evidence that near-future reductions in the aragonite saturation state will compromise the ecosystem function of coral reefs. (Source: Nature)
Source: Nature - March 14, 2018 Category: Research Authors: Rebecca Albright Yuichiro Takeshita David A. Koweek Aaron Ninokawa Kennedy Wolfe Tanya Rivlin Yana Nebuchina Jordan Young Ken Caldeira Tags: Letter Source Type: research
Integrative structure and functional anatomy of a nuclear pore complex
hury, Junjie Wang, Rosemary Williams, Jay R. Unruh, Charles H. Greenberg, Erica Y. Jacobs, Zhiheng Yu, M. Jason de la Cruz, Roxana Mironska, David L. Stokes, John D. Aitchison, Martin F. Jarrold, Jennifer L. Gerton, Steven J. Ludtke, Christopher W. Akey, Brian T. Chait, Andrej Sali & Michael P. Rout
Nuclear pore complexes play central roles as gatekeepers of RNA and protein transport between the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. However, their large size and dynamic nature have impeded a full structural and functional elucidation. Here we determined the structure of the entire 552-protein nuclear pore complex (Source: Nature)
Source: Nature - March 14, 2018 Category: Research Authors: Seung Joong Kim Javier Fernandez-Martinez Ilona Nudelman Yi Shi Wenzhu Zhang Barak Raveh Thurston Herricks Brian D. Slaughter Joanna A. Hogan Paula Upla Ilan E. Chemmama Riccardo Pellarin Ignacia Echeverria Manjunatha Shivaraju Azraa S. Chaudhury Junjie W Tags: Article Source Type: research
DNA methylation-based classification of central nervous system tumours
n Stichel, Adriana Olar, Nils W. Engel, Kerstin Lindenberg, Patrick N. Harter, Anne K. Braczynski, Karl H. Plate, Hildegard Dohmen, Boyan K. Garvalov, Roland Coras, Annett Hölsken, Ekkehard Hewer, Melanie Bewerunge-Hudler, Matthias Schick, Roger Fischer, Rudi Beschorner, Jens Schittenhelm, Ori Staszewski, Khalida Wani, Pascale Varlet, Melanie Pages, Petra Temming, Dietmar Lohmann, Florian Selt, Hendrik Witt, Till Milde, Olaf Witt, Eleonora Aronica, Felice Giangaspero, Elisabeth Rushing, Wolfram Scheurlen, Christoph Geisenberger, Fausto J. Rodriguez, Albert Becker, Matthias Preusser, Christine Haberler, Rolf Bjerkvig, Jane...
Source: Nature - March 14, 2018 Category: Research Authors: David Capper David T. W. Jones Martin Sill Volker Hovestadt Daniel Schrimpf Dominik Sturm Christian Koelsche Felix Sahm Lukas Chavez David E. Reuss Annekathrin Kratz Annika K. Wefers Kristin Huang Kristian W. Pajtler Leonille Schweizer Damian Stichel Adri Tags: Article Source Type: research
Placentation defects are highly prevalent in embryonic lethal mouse mutants
li, John Collins, Stefan Geyer, Elisabeth M. Busch-Nentwich, Antonella Galli, James C. Smith, Elizabeth Robertson, David J. Adams, Wolfgang J. Weninger, Timothy Mohun & Myriam Hemberger
Large-scale phenotyping efforts have demonstrated that approximately 25–30% of mouse gene knockouts cause intrauterine lethality. Analysis of these mutants has largely focused on the embryo and not the placenta, despite the crucial role of this extraembryonic organ for developmental progression. Here we screened 103 embryonic (Source: Nature)
Source: Nature - March 14, 2018 Category: Research Authors: Vicente Perez-Garcia Elena Fineberg Robert Wilson Alexander Murray Cecilia Icoresi Mazzeo Catherine Tudor Arnold Sienerth Jacqueline K. White Elizabeth Tuck Edward J. Ryder Diane Gleeson Emma Siragher Hannah Wardle-Jones Nicole Staudt Neha Wali John Colli Tags: Article Source Type: research
Corrigendum: Global patterns of declining temperature variability from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Holocene
Nature 555, 7696 (2018). doi:10.1038/nature25998
Author: Kira Rehfeld, Thomas Münch, Sze Ling Ho & Thomas Laepple
Nature554, 356–359 (2018); doi:10.1038/nature25454In this Letter, in the legend of Fig. 3, “Red and green shading” has been corrected to “Green and red shading”. In the Methods subsection ‘Potential effect of ecological adaption and bioturbational mixing (Source: Nature)
Source: Nature - March 14, 2018 Category: Research Authors: Kira Rehfeld Thomas M ünch Sze Ling Ho Thomas Laepple Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research
Corrigendum: Cholangiocytes act as facultative liver stem cells during impaired hepatocyte regeneration
Nature 555, 7696 (2018). doi:10.1038/nature25996
Author: Alexander Raven, Wei-Yu Lu, Tak Yung Man, Sofia Ferreira-Gonzalez, Eoghan O’Duibhir, Benjamin J. Dwyer, John P. Thomson, Richard R. Meehan, Roman Bogorad, Victor Koteliansky, Yuri Kotelevtsev, Charles ffrench-Constant, Luke Boulter & Stuart J. Forbes
Nature547, 350–354 (2017); doi:10.1038/nature23015In Extended Data Fig. 10b of this Letter, the axes of the single-cell gating (middle panel) FACS plots were mislabelled. Single cells were gated using forward scatter area (FSC-A) against height (FSC-H) on (Source: Nature)
Source: Nature - March 14, 2018 Category: Research Authors: Alexander Raven Wei-Yu Lu Tak Yung Man Sofia Ferreira-Gonzalez Eoghan O ’Duibhir Benjamin J. Dwyer John P. Thomson Richard R. Meehan Roman Bogorad Victor Koteliansky Yuri Kotelevtsev Charles ffrench-Constant Luke Boulter Stuart J. Forbes Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research
Corrigendum: An immunogenic personal neoantigen vaccine for patients with melanoma
Nature 555, 7696 (2018). doi:10.1038/nature25145
Author: Patrick A. Ott, Zhuting Hu, Derin B. Keskin, Sachet A. Shukla, Jing Sun, David J. Bozym, Wandi Zhang, Adrienne Luoma, Anita Giobbie-Hurder, Lauren Peter, Christina Chen, Oriol Olive, Todd A. Carter, Shuqiang Li, David J. Lieb, Thomas Eisenhaure, Evisa Gjini, Jonathan Stevens, William J. Lane, Indu Javeri, Kaliappanadar Nellaiappan, Andres M. Salazar, Heather Daley, Michael Seaman, Elizabeth I. Buchbinder, Charles H. Yoon, Maegan Harden, Niall Lennon, Stacey Gabriel, Scott J. Rodig, Dan H. Barouch, Jon C. Aster, Gad Getz, Kai Wucherpfennig, Donn...
Source: Nature - March 14, 2018 Category: Research Authors: Patrick A. Ott Zhuting Hu Derin B. Keskin Sachet A. Shukla Jing Sun David J. Bozym Wandi Zhang Adrienne Luoma Anita Giobbie-Hurder Lauren Peter Christina Chen Oriol Olive Todd A. Carter Shuqiang Li David J. Lieb Thomas Eisenhaure Evisa Gjini Jonathan Stev Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research
Redox-influenced seismic properties of upper-mantle olivine
Jackson
Lateral variations of seismic wave speeds and attenuation (dissipation of strain energy) in the Earth’s upper mantle have the potential to map key characteristics such as temperature, major-element composition, melt fraction and water content. The inversion of these data into meaningful representations of physical properties requires a robust understanding of the micromechanical processes that affect the propagation of seismic waves. Structurally bound water (hydroxyl) is believed to affect seismic properties but this has yet to be experimentally quantified. Here we present a comprehensive low-frequency for...
Source: Nature - March 14, 2018 Category: Research Authors: C. J. Cline II U. H. Faul E. C. David A. J. Berry I. Jackson Tags: Letter Source Type: research
High-resolution magnetic resonance spectroscopy using a solid-state spin sensor
Walsworth
Quantum systems that consist of solid-state electronic spins can be sensitive
detectors of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals, particularly from very small
samples. For example, nitrogen–vacancy centres in diamond have been used
to record NMR signals from nanometre-scale samples, with
sensitivity sufficient to detect the magnetic field produced by a single
protein. However, the best reported spectral resolution for NMR
of molecules using nitrogen–vacancy centres is about 100 hertz. This is insufficient to resolve the key spectral identifiers of
...
Source: Nature - March 14, 2018 Category: Research Authors: David R. Glenn Dominik B. Bucher Junghyun Lee Mikhail D. Lukin Hongkun Park Ronald L. Walsworth Tags: Letter Source Type: research
A quantized microwave quadrupole insulator with topologically protected corner states
av Bahl
The theory of electric polarization in crystals defines the dipole moment of an insulator in terms of a Berry phase (geometric phase) associated with its electronic ground state. This concept not only solves the long-standing puzzle of how to calculate dipole moments in crystals, but also explains topological band structures in insulators and superconductors, including the quantum anomalous Hall insulator and the quantum spin Hall insulator, as well as quantized adiabatic pumping processes. A recent theoretical study has extended the Berry phase framework to also account for higher electric multipole moments, ...
Source: Nature - March 14, 2018 Category: Research Authors: Christopher W. Peterson Wladimir A. Benalcazar Taylor L. Hughes Gaurav Bahl Tags: Letter Source Type: research
Humans thrived in South Africa through the Toba eruption about 74,000 years ago
p; Curtis W. Marean
Approximately 74 thousand years ago (ka), the Toba caldera erupted in Sumatra. Since the magnitude of this eruption was first established, its effects on climate, environment and humans have been debated. Here we describe the discovery of microscopic glass shards characteristic of the Youngest Toba Tuff—ashfall from the Toba eruption—in two archaeological sites on the south coast of South Africa, a region in which there is evidence for early human behavioural complexity. An independently derived dating model supports a date of approximately 74 ka for the sediments containing the Youngest Toba...
Source: Nature - March 12, 2018 Category: Research Authors: Eugene I. Smith Zenobia Jacobs Racheal Johnsen Minghua Ren Erich C. Fisher Simen Oestmo Jayne Wilkins Jacob A. Harris Panagiotis Karkanas Shelby Fitch Amber Ciravolo Deborah Keenan Naomi Cleghorn Christine S. Lane Thalassa Matthews Curtis W. Marean Tags: Letter Source Type: research
A single population of red globular clusters around the massive compact galaxy NGC 1277
Montes
Massive galaxies are thought to form in two phases: an initial collapse of gas and giant burst of central star formation, followed by the later accretion of material that builds up their stellar and dark-matter haloes. The systems of globular clusters within such galaxies are believed to form in a similar manner. The initial central burst forms metal-rich (spectrally red) clusters, whereas more metal-poor (spectrally blue) clusters are brought in by the later accretion of less-massive satellites. This formation process is thought to result in the multimodal optical colour distributions that are seen in the glo...
Source: Nature - March 12, 2018 Category: Research Authors: Michael A. Beasley Ignacio Trujillo Ryan Leaman Mireia Montes Tags: Letter Source Type: research
