Molecular evolution of thermogenic uncoupling protein 1 and implications for medical intervention of human disease
Publication date: Available online 18 July 2019Source: Molecular Aspects of MedicineAuthor(s): Michael J. Gaudry, Michaela Keuper, Martin JastrochAbstractIn eutherian mammals, brown adipose tissue (BAT) permits non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) through high metabolic rates catalyzed by the unique mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). The tissue has recently gained remarkable attention due its discovery in adult humans. Approaching BAT and UCP1 as therapeutic targets to combust surplus energy bares high potential to combat the epidemic of the metabolic syndrome that has precipitated in our society as a result of our mo...
Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine - July 18, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Contribution of brown adipose tissue to human energy metabolism
Publication date: Available online 16 July 2019Source: Molecular Aspects of MedicineAuthor(s): Rodrigo Fernández-Verdejo, Kara L. Marlatt, Eric Ravussin, Jose E. GalganiAbstractThe present “obesogenic’ environment has favored excessive energy intake resulting in the current obesity epidemic and its associated diseases. The epidemic has incentivized scientists to develop novel behavioral and pharmacological strategies that enhance energy expenditure to compensate for excessive energy intake. Although physical activity is effective to increase total energy expenditure, it is insufficient to induce negative energy balanc...
Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine - July 18, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
The role of brown and beige adipose tissue in glycaemic control
Publication date: Available online 16 July 2019Source: Molecular Aspects of MedicineAuthor(s): Katarina Klepac, Anastasia Georgiadi, Matthias Tschöp, Stephan HerzigAbstractFor the past decade, brown adipose tissue (BAT) has been extensively studied as a potential therapy for obesity and metabolic diseases due to its thermogenic and glucose-consuming properties. It is now clear that the function of BAT goes beyond heat production, as it also plays an important endocrine role by secreting the so-called batokines to communicate with other metabolic tissues and regulate systemic energy homeostasis. However, despite numerous s...
Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine - July 16, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: June 2019Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine, Volume 67Author(s): (Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine)
Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine - July 9, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Benefits of the Mediterranean diet: Epidemiological and molecular aspects
In conclusion, the research undertaken on metabolomics approaches has identified potential markers for certain MD components and patterns, but more investigation is needed to obtain valid measures. Further evaluation of gene-MD interactions are also required to better understand the mechanisms by which the MD diet exerts its beneficial effects on health. Observation and intervention studies, particularly PREDIMED, have provided invaluable data on the benefits of the MD for a wide range of chronic diseases. However further research is needed to explore the effects of other lifestyle components associated with Mediterranean ...
Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine - July 6, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Switching off the furnace: brown adipose tissue and lactation
Publication date: Available online 1 July 2019Source: Molecular Aspects of MedicineAuthor(s): Elżbieta Król, John R. SpeakmanAbstractIn rodents, brown adipose tissue (BAT) is dynamically regulated by reproductive state, with greater thermogenic activity and capacity outside reproduction and subsequent downregulation of the tissue machinery and function during lactation. We argue that the main reason for BAT to be shut down is the competition between lactogenic (associated with milk synthesis) and thermogenic (associated with BAT activity) heat production within a limited scope for heat dissipation, rather than to spare g...
Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine - July 3, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Lifestyle and dietary environmental factors in colorectal cancer susceptibility
Publication date: Available online 28 June 2019Source: Molecular Aspects of MedicineAuthor(s): Neil Murphy, Victor Moreno, David J. Hughes, Ludmila Vodicka, Pavel Vodicka, Elom K. Aglago, Marc J. Gunter, Mazda JenabAbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) incidence changes with time and by variations in diet and lifestyle, as evidenced historically by migrant studies and recently by extensive epidemiologic evidence. The worldwide heterogeneity in CRC incidence is strongly suggestive of etiological involvement of environmental exposures, particularly lifestyle and diet. It is established that physical inactivity, obesity and some di...
Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine - June 29, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
The beneficial effects of brown adipose tissue transplantation
Publication date: Available online 21 June 2019Source: Molecular Aspects of MedicineAuthor(s): Joseph D. White, Revati S. Dewal, Kristin I. StanfordAbstractObesity is a disease that results from an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a potential therapeutic target to improve the comorbidities associated with obesity due to its inherent thermogenic capacity and its ability to improve glucose metabolism. Multiple studies have shown that activation of BAT using either pharmacological treatments or cold exposure had an acute effect to increase metabolic function and reduce adip...
Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine - June 22, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Circulating biomarkers for early detection and clinical management of colorectal cancer
Publication date: Available online 14 June 2019Source: Molecular Aspects of MedicineAuthor(s): María Marcuello, Veronika Vymetalkova, Rui P.L. Neves, Saray Duran-Sanchon, Hege Marie Vedeld, Emma Tham, Guus van Dalum, Georg Flügen, Vanesa Garcia-Barberan, Remond JA. Fijneman, Antoni Castells, Pavel Vodicka, Guro E. Lind, Nikolas H. Stoecklein, Ellen Heitzer, Meritxell GironellaAbstractNew non-invasive approaches that can complement and improve on current strategies for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and management are urgently needed. A growing number of publications have documented that components of tumors, which are...
Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine - June 15, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Colorectal cancer: A paradigmatic model for cancer immunology and immunotherapy
Publication date: Available online 4 June 2019Source: Molecular Aspects of MedicineAuthor(s): Marieke E. IJsselsteijn, Rebeca Sanz-Pamplona, Fabienne Hermitte, Noel F.C.C. de MirandaAbstractColorectal cancer can be categorized into two major molecular subtypes according to the status of their DNA proofreading and repair machinery. The DNA repair status of tumor cells plays a major role in shaping the immune landscape of tumors and in determining the clinical response of colorectal cancer patients to immune checkpoint blockade therapies. Colorectal cancers that develop in a context of DNA mismatch repair or polymerase proof...
Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine - June 5, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Microbiome and colorectal cancer: Roles in carcinogenesis and clinical potential
Publication date: Available online 24 May 2019Source: Molecular Aspects of MedicineAuthor(s): Ester Saus, Susana Iraola-Guzmán, Jesse R. Willis, Anna Brunet-Vega, Toni GabaldónAbstractThe gastrointestinal tract harbors most of the microbiota associated with humans. In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in assessing the relationships between the gut microbiota and several gut alterations, including colorectal cancer. Changes in the gut microbiota in patients suffering colorectal cancer suggest a possible role of host-microbe interactions in the origin and development of this malignancy and, at the same time,...
Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine - May 25, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Somatic mutational signatures in polyposis and colorectal cancer
Publication date: Available online 23 May 2019Source: Molecular Aspects of MedicineAuthor(s): Judith E. Grolleman, Marcos Díaz-Gay, Sebastià Franch-Expósito, Sergi Castellví-Bel, Richarda M. de VoerAbstractThe somatic mutation spectrum imprinted in the genome of a tumor represents the mutational processes that have been active in that tumor. Large sequencing efforts in various cancer types have resulted in the identification of multiple mutational signatures, of which several have been linked to specific biological mechanisms. Several pan-cancer mutational signatures have been identified, while other signatures are onl...
Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine - May 24, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: April 2019Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine, Volume 66Author(s): (Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine)
Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine - May 15, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Molecular aspects of signalling in diabesity
Publication date: Available online 6 May 2019Source: Molecular Aspects of MedicineAuthor(s): Luis Sobrevia, Gernot Desoye (Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine)
Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine - May 7, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
DNA methylation and chromatin modifiers in colorectal cancer
Publication date: Available online 30 April 2019Source: Molecular Aspects of MedicineAuthor(s): Veronika Vymetalkova, Pavel Vodicka, Sona Vodenkova, Sergio Alonso, Regine Schneider-StockAbstractColorectal carcinogenesis is a multistep process involving the accumulation of genetic alterations over time that ultimately leads to disease progression and metastasis. Binding of transcription factors to gene promoter regions alone cannot explain the complex regulation pattern of gene expression during this process. It is the chromatin structure that allows for a high grade of regulatory flexibility for gene expression. Posttransl...
Source: Molecular Aspects of Medicine - May 1, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
