Morphological and optical features of the apposition compound eye of Monochamus alternatus Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Publication date: Available online 10 October 2019Source: MicronAuthor(s): Chao Wen, Tao Ma, Yangxiao Deng, Chuanhe Liu, Shiping Liang, Junbao Wen, Cai Wang, Xiujun WenAbstractThe Japanese pine sawyer beetle, Monochamus alternatus Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is currently the most destructive forest pest as it transmits the pine wilt nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Morphological, optical features and dark/light adaptational changes of the compound eyes of M. alternatus adults were examined by light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The eye of M. alternatus is apposition type and contains 489-712 ommat...
Source: Micron - October 11, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Automatic Identification of Cashmere and Wool Fibers Based on the Morphological Features Analysis
Publication date: Available online 9 October 2019Source: MicronAuthor(s): Wenyu Xing, Yiwen Liu, Na Deng, Binjie Xin, Wenzhen Wang, Yang ChenAbstractIdentification of wool and cashmere extremely similar fibers is always an important topic in the textile industry. In order to solve this problem much better, a novel fiber recognition method based on the extraction and analysis of the morphological features was proposed in this paper. Firstly, the original fiber images were captured by the self-developed system including the optical microscope and digital camera. The influence of the acquisition process may lead to the low co...
Source: Micron - October 10, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Comparative study on the effect of Y content on grain refinement in the simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone of X70 pipeline steels
This study aims to investigate the influence of Y content on grain refinement in the simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) of X70 pipeline steels. The results explored that two different grain refinement mechanisms were presented in 0.034 wt.%-Y and 0.075 wt.%-Y steels, respectively. The Y2O2S inclusions and YP precipitates are formed in 0.034 wt.%-Y steel instead of the YP inclusions and more YP precipitates in 0.075 wt.%-Y steel. The grain refinement mechanism in the simulated CGHAZ of 0.034 wt.%-Y steel mainly depends on the formation of acicular ferrite induced by Y2O2S inclusion. Whereas, the g...
Source: Micron - October 4, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Phase masks for electron microscopy fabricated by thermal scanning probe lithography
Publication date: December 2019Source: Micron, Volume 127Author(s): Simon Hettler, Lucas Radtke, Lukas Grünewald, Yuliya Lisunova, Oliver Peric, Juergen Brugger, Simon BonanniAbstractNano-structured phase masks offer intriguing possibilities in electron-beam shaping. The fabrication of such phase masks is typically achieved by focused (Ga+-)ion beam milling of thin membranes. To overcome the problem of Ga implantation in the phase mask, we explore the fabrication of silicon-nitride phase masks using thermal scanning probe lithography combined with wet and dry etching. The functionality of the phase masks is demonstrated b...
Source: Micron - October 4, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Nonlinear indentation of single human erythrocytes under application of a localized mechanical force
Publication date: Available online 30 September 2019Source: MicronAuthor(s): Elisabetta Tognoni, Paolo Orsini, Mario PellegrinoAbstractDespite the accepted notion that erythrocytes are uniquely deformable cells, the apparent Young’s modulus values reported in the literature do not differ so much from those of other cells. We devised to measure the local deformability of living immobilized human erythrocytes at a low force, in contact-free mode, using an application of Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy (SICM) previously developed in our laboratory. Reversible indentations were induced by forces of up to few hundreds pN....
Source: Micron - October 1, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: November 2019Source: Micron, Volume 126Author(s): (Source: Micron)
Source: Micron - October 1, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Bacteria accumulate copper ions and inhibit oxide formation on copper surface during antibacterial efficiency test
Publication date: Available online 24 September 2019Source: MicronAuthor(s): Jiaqi Luo, Christina Hein, Jaafar Ghanbaja, Jean-François Pierson, Frank MücklichAbstractCopper surface after antibacterial test against E. coli was examined in the aspect of corrosion. Results from scanning electron microscope (SEM), grazing incidence X-ray diffractometer (GIXRD) and Raman spectroscopy together confirmed less oxidation on copper surface with the presence of E. coli. The inhibition of the cuprous oxide (Cu2O) layer instead ensured the continuous exposure of copper surface, letting localised corrosion attacks observable and causi...
Source: Micron - September 25, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Sperm morphology of Elasmus polistis Burks, 1971 (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae)
Publication date: Available online 22 September 2019Source: MicronAuthor(s): Pedro Nere, Glenda Dias, Helen P. Santos, André De Souza, José Lino-NetoAbstractThe sperm morphology of the parasitoid Elasmus polistis (Eulophidae) has been investigated with light and transmission electron microscopy. The sperm were filiform and spiraled, with 165.6 (± 4.6) μm in length, and showed a distinctive head, formed by a one-layered small acrosome and a nucleus, and a flagellar region. An extracellular sheath from which many long filaments radiated out covered the acrosome and part of the nucleus. The spiral nucleus, with 24.1 (± 1...
Source: Micron - September 24, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Influence of combinatory effects of STEM setups on the sensitivity of differential phase contrast imaging
Publication date: Available online 20 September 2019Source: MicronAuthor(s): Gwangyeob Lee, Juyoung Jeong, Felix Schwarzhuber, Josef Zweck, Jeehoon Kim, Hyang Kim Do, Hye Jung ChangAbstractDifferential phase-contrast (DPC) imaging in the scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) mode has been suggested as a new method to visualize the nanoscale electromagnetic features of materials. However, the quality of the DPC image is very sensitive to the electron-beam alignment, microscope setup, and specimen conditions. Unlike normal STEM imaging, the microscope setup variables in the DPC mode are not independent; rather, th...
Source: Micron - September 21, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Exploring the Accurate size measurement method for two typical nanostructures basing on SEM imaging
Publication date: Available online 20 September 2019Source: MicronAuthor(s): Peng ZhangAbstractThe accurate size measurement has been necessary in modern nanotechnology /semiconductor industry. Based on a sophisticated Monte Carlo scanning electron microscope simulation tool, gold nanorods and the silicon trapezoidal line, two commonly used nanostructures, were studied for aspect ratio and linewidth measurements, respectively. Accurate measurement for aspect ratio is significant for the optical property of gold nanorods. This work adopted an image-based method with a Monte Carlo simulation to obtain an accurate value of th...
Source: Micron - September 21, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
First simultaneous detection of helium and tritium inside bubbles in beryllium
Publication date: Available online 20 September 2019Source: MicronAuthor(s): M. Klimenkov, P. Vladimirov, J. Hoffmann, N. Zimber, A. Möslang, V. KuksenkoAbstractElectron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) was applied to detect and analyze quantitatively helium (He) and tritium (3H) enclosed inside bubbles in irradiated beryllium. Both gases were formed in beryllium under neutron irradiation as a consequence of neutron-induced transmutation reactions. They were detected for the first time as pronounced peaks at 13.0 eV for 3H and 22.4 eV for He in EELS spectra collected from flat hexagonal bubbles. An adhesion of 3H or fo...
Source: Micron - September 21, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Specific features of the miniature ionisation BSE multi-detector unit for 3D imaging in environmental conditions
Publication date: Available online 9 September 2019Source: MicronAuthor(s): Witold SlówkoAbstractThe author has been striving to develop SEM equipment that could extend the capabilities of standard instruments to allow advanced environmental techniques, including 3D imaging. Now its improved version is presented in a form of the miniature ionisation multi-detector unit that can be accommodated inside a bore of the objective lens and does not limit the minimal Working Distance (WD). The miniature detector unit seems well suited to VP/ESEM of any type to be used instead a standard Pressure Limiting Aperture and even to the ...
Source: Micron - September 10, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Analytical analysis and simulation on fringe field effect of deflector plates applied in ultrafast electron microscopy
Publication date: Available online 9 September 2019Source: MicronAuthor(s): Lixin Zhang, Quanlin DongAbstractDeflector plates are one of the critical components in ultrafast electron microscope (UEM), which generates the short electron pulse. While the electron pulse can be stretched due to the velocity dispersion induced by the fringe field of the deflector plates, understanding the effect of the fringe field on the electron velocity and how to avoid the adverse effect of it are needed in the design of the deflector plates. In this paper, firstly, an analytical model of the fringe field of deflector plates with double fie...
Source: Micron - September 10, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Silver nanoparticles induce cell death of colon cancer cells through impairing cytoskeleton and membrane nanostructure
In this study, we used a silver nanoparticle (AgNP)-based methodology to treat colon cancer cells, and single cell approaches to examine how AgNPs exerted inhibiting effects on cells. We found that AgNPs could apparently destroy cytoskeleton and topography structures, alter cell membrane nanostructures, and thus increase membrane roughness, and depress cell membrane adhesion properties and cell stiffness. We also found that AgNPs caused mitochondrial dysfunctions including hyperpolarization of membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Notably, AgNPs altered all phenotypes or functions of cells in a...
Source: Micron - September 8, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
3D observation of chromosome scaffold structure using a 360° electron tomography sample holder
Publication date: Available online 8 September 2019Source: MicronAuthor(s): Rinyaporn Phengchat, Misa Hayashida, Nobuko Ohmido, Darren Homeniuk, Kiichi FukuiAbstractThe chromosome scaffold is considered to be a key structure of the mitotic chromosome. It plays a vital role in chromosome condensation, shaping the X-shaped structure of the mitotic chromosome, and also provides flexibility for chromosome movement during cell division. However, it remains to be elucidated how the chromosome scaffold organizes the mitotic chromosome and how it supports shaping the structure of the chromosome during metaphase. Here we present a ...
Source: Micron - September 8, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
