Risk of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome After Autotransplants for Lymphomas and Plasma Cell Myeloma
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) developing in persons exposed to DNA-damaging agents for a prior cancer are often referred to as treatment- or therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN)[1,2]. t-MN constitute approximately 10-20% of all cases of AML and MDS[3], a proportion that may increase in the future with an increasing prevalence of cancer survivors[4,5]. Hematopoietic cell transplants (HCT) use high doses of drugs and/or ionizing radiations and can also lead to t-MN[6,7]. (Source: Leukemia Research)
Source: Leukemia Research - July 19, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Tomas Radivoyevitch, Robert M. Dean, Bronwen E. Shaw, Ruta Brazauskas, Heather R. Tecca, Remco J. Molenaar, Minoo Battiwalla, Bipin N. Savani, Mary E.D. Flowers, Kenneth R. Cooke, Betty K. Hamilton, Matt Kalaycio, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski, Ibrahim Ahmed, G Source Type: research
Prognostic Impact of Pretreatment Albumin to Globulin Ratio in Patients with Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Treated with R-CHOP
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin ’s lymphoma, representing about 30% of cases [1]. The introduction of rituximab (R) in combination with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (CHOP) chemotherapy, known as “R-CHOP”, improves survival outcomes [2,3], and has affected the importance of formerly recognized prognostic markers [4]. In the pre-R era, the International Prognostic Index (IPI) was used to predict responses and prognoses in patients with high-risk non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma [5]. (Source: Leukemia Research)
Source: Leukemia Research - July 18, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Seok-Hyun Kim, Se-Il Go, Jangho Seo, Myoung Hee Kang, Sung Woo Park, Hoon-Gu Kim, Gyeong-Won Lee Source Type: research
Quantification of B-cell maturation antigen, a target for novel chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in Myeloma
Plasma cell myeloma (PCM) is a clonal plasma cell neoplasm characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Recent advances in therapy starting in the mid-1990s have improved the outcome but the 5-year survival rate is only 50.2% [1 –3], indicating the need for continued development of novel therapies. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR T-cell therapy) has achieved dramatic results in multiply relapsed and/or treatment resistant B-cell lymphoma and acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia [4,5] making it an attractive therap eutic approach for PCM. (Source: Leukemia Research)
Source: Leukemia Research - July 18, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Dalia A. Salem, Irina Maric, Constance M. Yuan, David J. Liewehr, David J. Venzon, James Kochenderfer, Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
Nivolumab to control molecular response in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
The PD-1/PD-L1 (programmed cell death) pathway is an immune checkpoint, which protects normal tissues but can also prevent anti-tumor immune response. The FDA approvals of checkpoint inhibitors constitutes a major advance in the immunotherapy of cancer [1]. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is an example of successful use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Blockade of oncogenic BCR-ABL1 kinase activity translated into an impressive control of the disease. CML is also known to be responsive to immunotherapy and long-term eradication of CML has been achieved by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation [2]. (Source: Leukemia Research)
Source: Leukemia Research - July 15, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Philippe Rousselot, Perrine Renard, Ariane de Buyer, Adeline Finet, Marc Spentchian, Philippe Saiag Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
A seven-color panel including CD34 and TdT could be applied in > 97% patients with T cell lymphoblastic leukemia for minimal residual disease detection independent of the initial phenotype
T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) accounts for approximately 15% and 25% of newly diagnosed ALL cases in children and adults, respectively [1,2]. In contrast to B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), T-ALL is associated with a higher frequency of relapse and less favourable outcomes. Minimal residual disease (MRD) may persist after treatment and eventually lead to clinical relapse. (Source: Leukemia Research)
Source: Leukemia Research - July 15, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Ya-Zhe Wang, Le Hao, Yan Chang, Qian Jiang, Hao Jiang, Le-Ping Zhang, Ling-Ling He, Xiao-Ying Yuan, Ya-Zhen Qin, Xiao-Jun Huang, Yan-Rong Liu Source Type: research
Incidence and survival of therapy related myeloid neoplasm in united states
Therapy related myeloid neoplasm (t-MN) is an emerging challenge in the current era given that newer therapies are improving the life expectancy of patients diagnosed with cancer. This condition arises as a result of exposure to prior chemotherapy or radiotherapy used to treat malignant or non-malignant conditions. The World Health Organization (WHO) 2001 classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues had initially described this disorder with two subtypes – therapy related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) and therapy related myelodysplastic syndrome (t-MDS) 1. (Source: Leukemia Research)
Source: Leukemia Research - July 15, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Subramanian Guru Murthy Guru, Hamadani Mehdi, Dhakal Binod, Hari Parameswaran, Atallah Ehab Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
Erythropoietin levels and Erythroid Differentiation Parameters in Patients with Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of myeloid diseases characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, peripheral blood (PB) cytopenia and a tendency to evolve into acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Patients with lower risk (LR)-MDS present with moderate to severe anemia in the majority of cases, due to ineffective hematopoiesis [1,2]. Current guidelines for anemia in LR-MDS recommend treatment with erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA) provided that hemoglobin (Hb) levels are lower than 10 g/dl and serum erythropoietin (EPO) lower than 500 IU/L [3]. (Source: Leukemia Research)
Source: Leukemia Research - July 10, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: C. Gurnari, R. Latagliata, F. Buccisano, A. Piciocchi, S. Fenu, S. Mancini, L. Fianchi, M. Criscuolo, C. Sarlo, A. Romano, G. Falconi, P. Niscola, A. Di Veroli, M. Breccia, A. Piccioni, M.A. Aloe-Spiriti, F. Lo-Coco, M.T. Voso, on behalf of GROM-L (Gruppo Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Clinical significance of novel SH2B3 mutations in adult Chinese acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients
In B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the abnormal activation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway is thought to play a very important role in pathogenesis. This pathway involves a series of target genes such as IKZF1, JAK, CRLF2, IL7R and SH2B adapter protein 3 (SH2B3). SH2B3, also known as lymphocyte adapter protein (LNK), can negatively regulate the activation of multiple tyrosine kinase signaling pathways and cytokine signaling pathways. It also plays a significant role in the development and differentiation of hematopoietic cells [1]. (Source: Leukemia Research)
Source: Leukemia Research - July 10, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Yan Gu, Qi Han, Mary McGrath, Chunhua Song, Zheng Ge Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Are clonal cells circulating in the peripheral blood of myelodysplastic syndrome?: Quantitative comparison between bone marrow and peripheral blood by targeted gene sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization
The diagnostic criteria of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is based on peripheral cytopenia and dysplasia of hematopoietic cells in ≥ 10% in bone marrow (BM) [1]. Cytogenetics and molecular results are used complementarily and in conjunction with the above criteria. Treatment responses are also based on the peripheral hemogram, the changes of blasts % and cytogenetic changes in BM [2]. Practically, the determination of treatme nt response requires BM study for the evaluation of blast % and cytogenetics, and invasiveness of BM study hampers the close monitoring of treatment response. (Source: Leukemia Research)
Source: Leukemia Research - July 10, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Sang Mee Hwang, Kyongok Im, Yoon Hwan Chang, Hee Sue Park, Jung-Ah Kim, Sung Min Kim, Dong Soon Lee Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research
Higher Body Mass Index Is Associated with Better Survival in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) comprise a group of heterogeneous clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by cytopenias(s), morphologic evidence of dysplasia in one or more hematopoietic cell lines, and ineffective hematopoiesis. Patients with MDS have a variable risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The pathophysiology of MDS is complex and involves abnormalities in the regulation of cellular proliferation, maturation, and interactions with the bone marrow microenvironment that result in heterogeneous outcomes. (Source: Leukemia Research)
Source: Leukemia Research - July 10, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Kausar J. Jabbar, C. Cameron Yin, Carlos E. Bueso-Ramos, Rajyalakshmi Luthra, L. Jeffrey Medeiros, Zhuang Zuo Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Revising flow cytometric mini-panel for diagnosing low-grade myelodysplastic syndromes: introducing a parameter quantifying CD33 expression on CD34+ cells
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) have been diagnosed based on a combination of clinical history, morphologic features of myeloid cells, cytogenetic data, and ruling out other diseases [1 –3]. An increase in blasts or MDS-related cytogenetic abnormalities is an objective finding for straightforward diagnosis. However, 50% or more of low-grade MDS (MDS without blast excess) patients lack cytogenetic abnormalities [4]. Furthermore, dysplastic myeloid cells do not in themselves establ ish a diagnosis. There are conditions other than MDS which can induce myeloid dysplasia (e.g., deficiencies of vitamin B12 and folate, viral in...
Source: Leukemia Research - July 10, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Kiyoyuki Ogata, Kazuma Sei, Leonie Saft, Naoya Kawahara, Matteo G Della Porta, Nicolas Chapuis, Yumi Yamamoto Source Type: research
Prognostic impact of ASXL1 mutations in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and multilineage dysplasia with or without ring sideroblasts
The 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of myeloid neoplasms reclassified patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with multilineage dysplasia (MLD) based on presence or absence of ring sideroblasts (RS). We performed this study to validate this change in the context of relevant gene mutations. (Source: Leukemia Research)
Source: Leukemia Research - July 10, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Abhishek A. Mangaonkar, Naseema Gangat, Aref Al-Kali, Michelle A. Elliott, Kebede H. Begna, Curtis A. Hanson, Rhett P. Ketterling, Alexandra P. Wolanskyj-Spinner, William J. Hogan, Mark R. Litzow, Mrinal M. Patnaik Source Type: research
Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia —Conquering the CNS across the Choroid Plexus
Treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has dramatically improved over the last decades, and long term survival rates have approached 90 % [1]. Given this favorable survival, reducing toxicity of treatment protocols and avoiding long term sequelae has become a major challenge for pediatric oncologists. In this regard, omitting cranial radiation in almost all patients has been a dramatic breakthrough [2,3]. However, current central nervous system (CNS) directed prophylaxis and treatment still comprises a relevant risk for neurotoxicity and impaired neurocognitive development [4 –6]. (Source: Leukemia Research)
Source: Leukemia Research - July 9, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Martin M ärz, Svenja Meyer, Ulrike Erb, Christina Georgikou, Martin A. Horstmann, Svetlana Hetjens, Christel Weiß, Petra Fallier-Becker, Elodie Vandenhaute, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Horst Schroten, Matthias Dürken, Michael Karremann Source Type: research
Body mass index and relative dose intensity does not affect the response and outcome of high-risk MDS patients treated with azacytidine. Results from the Hellenic (Greek) MDS study Group
Optimal dosing of anticancer agents is often challenging in obese and overweight patients. Apart from proper dosing issues, obesity is associated with several comorbidities and often leads to dose reductions for the fear of chemotoxicity. Body mass index (BMI) has been repeatedly shown to dismally affect outcome in several solid tumors [1,2], though its impact in hematological malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is controversial [3 –7]. For more than 10 years, azacytidine (AZA) has remained the mainstay of therapy for higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). (So...
Source: Leukemia Research - July 7, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Sotirios G. Papageorgiou, Ioannis Kotsianidis, Christos K. Kontos, Argyris Symeonidis, Athanasios Galanopoulos, Eleftheria Hatzimichael, Elias Poulakidas, Panagiotis Diamantopoulos, Theodoros P. Vassilakopoulos, Panagiotis Zikos, Helen Papadaki, Eleni Bou Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Decitabine in Combination with Donor Lymphocyte Infusions can Induce Remissions in relapsed Myeloid Malignancies with Higher Leukemic Burden after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
For patients with myeloid malignancies, relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a major cause of mortality with until now limited treatment options, which include withdrawal of immunosuppression, donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs), chemotherapy, second allogeneic HCT, or best supportive care. Especially the management of older patients unfit for further intensive treatment remains challenging. In recent years, a novel approach with the DNA hypomethylating agent (HMA) 5-azacytidine (AZA) in combination with DLIs showed promising results regarding disease control and even induction of complete rem...
Source: Leukemia Research - July 7, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Sebastian Sommer, Marjan Cruijsen, Rainer Claus, Hartmut Bertz, Ralph W äsch, Reinhard Marks, Robert Zeiser, Lioudmila Bogatyreva, Nicole M.A. Blijlevens, Annette May, Justus Duyster, Gerwin Huls, Walter J.F.M. van der Velden, Jürgen Finke, Michael Lüb Source Type: research
