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The longitudinal association between personality and achievement in adolescence: Differential effects across all Big Five traits and four achievement indicators
In this study, we investigated the longitudinal interplay between personality and achievement and the effect of family cohesion on relative change in personality and achievement in adolescence. Using longitudinal data from the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS; N = 4355, AgeT1 = 12.9 years, 49% female adolescents), we estimated latent cross-lagged panel models that included personality traits, different achievement indicators, and family cohesion. There were three main findings. First, we replicated previous cross-sectional personality-achievement associations. Second, after accounting for covariates and sta...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - May 3, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The relationship between morphological awareness and reading comprehension among Chinese children: evidence from multiple mediation models
Publication date: May 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 72Author(s): Ying Zhao, Xinchun Wu, Peng Sun, Ruibo Xie, Jie Feng, Hongjun ChenAbstract124 Chinese children were tested on a battery of tests at four time points from the grades 1 to 3 (times 1–4) to investigate the mechanisms that underlie the relationship between morphological awareness and reading comprehension. Non-verbal intelligence, phonological awareness and rapid automatized naming (RAN) were controlled for in the analyses. The results indicated that T1 morphological awareness contributed to T4 reading comprehension through T2 characte...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - April 26, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Who asks whom for help in mathematics? A sociometric analysis of adolescents' help-seeking within and beyond clique boundaries
Publication date: May 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 72Author(s): Lysann Zander, I-Chien Chen, Bettina HannoverAbstractIn this research, we investigated adaptive academic helpseeking in mathematics, i.e., asking better performing peers for help, and the factors facilitating or undermining it. We measured adolescents' sociometric friendship and mathematics help-seeking nominations in 50 classrooms of the 9th grade. Based on friendship nominations, we identified cliques and compared mathematics help-seeking within and beyond cliques. Multilevel analyses accounting for individual and classroom charact...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - April 24, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Interrelations among expectancies, task values, and perceived costs in undergraduate biology achievement
Publication date: May 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 72Author(s): Tony Perez, Ting Dai, Avi Kaplan, Jennifer G. Cromley, Wanda D. Brooks, Arianna C. White, Kyle R. Mara, Michael J. BalsaiAbstractExpectancy-value theory highlights the roles of students' expectancies, task values, and perceived costs in their motivation and achievement. While ample research has highlighted the positive associations of expectancy beliefs and task values with academic achievement, research on students' perceived costs is in its infancy. We investigated the temporal interrelations among expectancies, task values and dif...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - April 19, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Personality factors, student resiliency, and the moderating role of achievement values in study progress
Publication date: May 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 72Author(s): Julia Backmann, Matthias Weiss, Michaéla C. Schippers, Martin HoeglAbstractResiliency, or the ability to overcome challenges and bounce back from adversity and setbacks, is a key skill for overcoming failure, challenges, and other kinds of hardship. The aim of the current study was to examine the role of student resiliency in students' study progress, its relation to the Big Five personality dimensions, and to assess the moderating role of achievement values. In our analyses, we relied on data from 464 business students. Our study f...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - April 19, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Cognitive and linguistic precursors of early first and second language reading development
Publication date: May 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 72Author(s): Moniek M.H. Schaars, E. Segers, L. VerhoevenAbstractThe present large-scaled longitudinal prediction study examined cognitive and linguistic precursors of early word decoding and reading comprehension from kindergarten to Grade 3 in 613 first language (L1) and 109 second language (L2) learners of Dutch. L1 learners outperformed L2 learners on reading comprehension, and on kindergarten vocabulary, rapid naming (RAN), and phoneme segmentation. No differences were found on word decoding across the grades, kindergarten grapheme knowledge...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - April 11, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

How learning time mediates the impact of university Scholars' learning goals on professional learning in research and teaching
In this study, we propose that learning time links learning goals (i.e., the goal to enhance one's own competences) to learning outcomes in both contexts, research and teaching. In a prospective correlational study, we questioned a representative sample of 705 German university scholars (highest qualification: 25% full professors, 36% with Ph.D.) during two successive semesters. Applying structural equation models, we found positive associations of learning goals and self-reported learning gains (in research and teaching) that was mediated by learning time within the teaching domain. University scholars seem to profit from...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - April 11, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Circadian preference as a typology: Latent-class analysis of adolescents' morningness/eveningness, relation with sleep behavior, and with academic outcomes
Publication date: Available online 8 April 2019Source: Learning and Individual DifferencesAuthor(s): Franzis Preckel, Antoine Fischbach, Vsevolod Scherrer, Martin Brunner, Sonja Ugen, Anastasiya A. Lipnevich, Richard D. RobertsAbstractThis paper investigates a quadrant-based typology of circadian preference including morning (M) types (high morningness, low eveningness), evening (E) types (low morningness, high eveningness), low M-E types (low morningness and low eveningness), and high M-E types (high morningness and eveningness). In Study 1, a latent class analysis of circadian preference was conducted using a representat...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - April 9, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: April 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 71Author(s): (Source: Learning and Individual Differences)
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - April 7, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Individual differences in basic cognitive processes and self-regulated learning: Their interaction effects on math performance
Publication date: April 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 71Author(s): Mariel F. Musso, Monique Boekaerts, Mien Segers, Eduardo C. CascallarAbstractThe study analyzes the relationships between working memory capacity, executive attention, and self-regulated learning (SRL) on math performance (MP), and more specifically on items with different levels of complexity and difficulty. Sample: 575 university students (female: 47.5%; 18–25 years old), first academic year. Instruments: Attention Network Test; Automated Operation Span; Mathematics Test; On-line Motivation Questionnaire, and Learning Strateg...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - April 6, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Investigating and fostering self-regulated learning in higher education using interactive ambulatory assessment
Publication date: April 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 71Author(s): Simone N. Loeffler, Antonia Bohner, Juergen Stumpp, Matthias F. Limberger, Gerd GidionAbstractInteractive ambulatory assessment offers a new approach to facilitate self-regulated learning in daily routine. 78 students were randomly assigned to the intervention (IG) and control group (CG). While preparing for a written exam, all the participants answered questions related to their learning behavior presented daily via electronic diaries (Phase 1). While preparing for a second exam (Phase 2), the CG completed the same assessment as i...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - April 3, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Response to intervention: Empirical demonstration of a dual-discrepancy population via random effects mixture models
Publication date: April 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 71Author(s): Maitreyee Bose, Nidhi Kohli, Kirsten W. Newell, Theodore J. ChristAbstractResponse to Intervention (RtI) is a commonly used framework to identify students in need of additional or specialized instruction. Special education eligibility decisions within RtI rely on the assumption that there are subpopulations of students: those who demonstrate appropriate growth and those who do not demonstrate appropriate growth, when provided specialized instruction. The purpose of the present study was to illustrate the use of random-effects mixtu...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - March 28, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Cross-sectional study of the contribution of rhetorical competence to children's expository texts comprehension between third- and sixth-grade
Publication date: April 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 71Author(s): J. Ricardo García, Emilio Sánchez, Kate Cain, Juan Manuel MontoyaAbstractReaders' rhetorical competence is related to reading comprehension and moderates the impact of rhetorical devices in expository texts since upper elementary school years. In this cross-sectional study, we examine the differences in four measures of rhetorical competence (knowledge of anaphors, organizational signals, refutations, and a total score) in grades three through to six, we determine its contribution to expository text comprehension after controllin...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - March 28, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Reciprocal relations between grit and academic achievement: A longitudinal study
Publication date: April 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 71Author(s): Wen Jiang, Ziyao Xiao, Yanan Liu, Kening Guo, Jiang Jiang, Xiaopeng DuAbstractPrevious research investigating the relations between grit and academic achievement has mostly relied on cross-sectional design, and less is known about the direction of these effects. Based on social cognitive theory, this longitudinal study investigated the reciprocal relations between overall grit, as well as the two aspects of grit, perseverance of effort (PE) and consistency of interest (CI), and academic achievement among 193 Chinese primary school ...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - March 13, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: February 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 70Author(s): (Source: Learning and Individual Differences)
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - March 12, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research