Hybrid polyurea elastomers with enzymatic degradation and tunable mechanical properties
Herein, we report on the synthesis and characterization of enzymatically labile polyureas for use as a tissue-engineered ligament scaffold. Polyureas were selected due to their excellent tensile properties, fatigue resistance, and highly tunable nature. Incorporation of a collagenase-sensitive peptide into the backbone of the polyurea provided a means to confer cell-responsive degradation to the synthetic polymer. Chemical, morphological, and mechanical testing were used to confirm incorporation of the peptide and characterize polyurea films. Notably, the incorporation of the peptide resulted in an increase in modulus, elo...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering - December 6, 2016 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Sears, N. A., Pena-Galea, G., Cereceres, S. N., Cosgriff-Hernandez, E. Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Bioactive mesoporous wollastonite particles for bone tissue engineering
The current investigation was aimed at identifying the role of mesoporous wollastonite particles on the healing of rat tibial bone defect. The bone defect was created with a 3-mm-diameter dental drill, and it was filled with mesoporous wollastonite particles. After second and fourth weeks of filling treatments, it was found that mesoporous wollastonite particles promoted bone formation as evidenced by X-ray, histological, scanning electron microscope, and energy-dispersive spectra studies. X-ray study showed the closure of drill hole as seen by high-dense radio-opacity image. Histological analysis depicted the deposition o...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering - November 23, 2016 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Saravanan, S., Selvamurugan, N. Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Correction: Impact of mechanical stretch on the cell behaviors of bone and surrounding tissues
The original article: Hye-Sun Yu, Jung-Ju Kim, Hae-Won Kim, et al. Impact of mechanical stretch on the cell behaviors of bone and surrounding tissues. Journal of Tissue Engineering: 2016; 7: 10.1177/2041731415618342 was erroneously published online in Volume 6 (2015). It is now correctly published in Volume 7 (2016). (Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering)
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering - November 23, 2016 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Correction Source Type: research
In situ formation of poly(vinyl alcohol)-heparin hydrogels for mild encapsulation and prolonged release of basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor
Heparin-based hydrogels are attractive for controlled growth factor delivery, due to the native ability of heparin to bind and stabilize growth factors. Basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor are heparin-binding growth factors that synergistically enhance angiogenesis. Mild, in situ encapsulation of both basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor and subsequent bioactive dual release has not been demonstrated from heparin-crosslinked hydrogels, and the combined long-term delivery of both growth factors from biomaterials is still a major challenge. Both basic fibrobl...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering - November 10, 2016 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Roberts, J. J., Farrugia, B. L., Green, R. A., Rnjak-Kovacina, J., Martens, P. J. Tags: Special Issue Article Source Type: research
Multi-compartmental biomaterial scaffolds for patterning neural tissue organoids in models of neurodevelopment and tissue regeneration
This article describes novel designs for functionalized biomaterial constructs that guide tissue development to targeted regional identities and structures. Such designs comprise compartmentalized regions in the biomaterial structure that are functionalized with molecular factors that form concentration gradients through the construct and guide stem cell development, axis patterning, and tissue architecture, including rostral/caudal, ventral/dorsal, or medial/lateral identities of the central nervous system. The ability to recapitulate innate developmental processes in a three-dimensional environment and under specific con...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering - October 6, 2016 Category: Biotechnology Authors: McMurtrey, R. J. Tags: Multifaceted Therapeutic Systems for Tissue Regeneration Source Type: research
Clinical safety and efficacy of implantation of octacalcium phosphate collagen composites in tooth extraction sockets and cyst holes
It was demonstrated that octacalcium phosphate collagen composite achieved notable bone regeneration in bone defects in preclinical studies. On the basis of the research results, an investigator-initiated exploratory clinical trial was conducted after approval from a local Institutional Review Board. This clinical study was performed as a single-arm non-randomized intervention study. Octacalcium phosphate collagen composite was implanted into a total of 10 cases of alveolar bone defects after tooth extractions and cystectomy. Safety assessment was performed in terms of the clinical course and several consecutive laboratory...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering - October 2, 2016 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Kawai, T., Tanuma, Y., Matsui, K., Suzuki, O., Takahashi, T., Kamakura, S. Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
The regulation of bone turnover in ameloblastoma using an organotypic in vitro co-culture model
Ameloblastoma is a rare, odontogenic neoplasm with benign histopathology, but extensive, local infiltrative capacity through the bone tissue it originates in. While the mechanisms of ameloblastoma invasion through the bone and bone absorption are largely unknown, recent investigations have indicated a role of the osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand regulatory mechanisms. Here, we present results obtained using a novel in vitro organotypic tumour model, which we have developed using tissue engineering techniques. Using this model, we analysed the expression of genes involved in bone turnover ...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering - September 28, 2016 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Eriksson, T. M., Day, R. M., Fedele, S., Salih, V. M. Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Erythropoietin stimulation of human adipose tissue for therapeutic refilling releases protective cytokines
Apoptosis and inflammatory processes may be at the basis of reducing graft survival. Erythropoietin is a tissue-protective hormone with pleiotropic potential, and it interferes with the activities of pro-inflammatory cytokines and stimulates healing following injury, preventing destruction of tissue surrounding the injury site. It may represent a useful tool to increase the autograft integration. Through the use of multipanel kit cytokine analysis we have detected the cytokines secreted by human tissue adipose mass seeded in culture following withdrawal by Coleman’s modified technique in three groups: control, after ...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering - September 26, 2016 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Sabbatini, M., Bosetti, M., Borrone, A., Moalem, L., Taveggia, A., Verna, G., Cannas, M. Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Cell-mediated remodeling of biomimetic encapsulating hydrogels triggered by adipogenic differentiation of adipose stem cells
We describe an encapsulating, biomimetic poly(ethylene)-glycol hydrogel, with embedded peptides for attachment and biodegradation. Poly(ethylene)-glycol hydrogels containing an Arg–Gly–Asp attachment sequence and a matrix metalloprotease 3/10 cleavage site supported adipose stem cell survival and showed remodeling initiated by adipogenic differentiation. Arg–Gly–Asp–matrix metalloprotease 3/10 cleavage site hydrogels showed an increased number and area of lacunae or holes after adipose stem cell differentiation. Image analysis of adipose stem cells in Arg–Gly–Asp–matrix metal...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering - September 22, 2016 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Clevenger, T. N., Luna, G., Boctor, D., Fisher, S. K., Clegg, D. O. Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Mesenchymal stem cells from cortical bone demonstrate increased clonal incidence, potency, and developmental capacity compared to their bone marrow-derived counterparts
In this study, we show that matrix dense cortical bone is the more potent compartment of bone than bone marrow as a stromal source for mesenchymal stem cells as isolated from adult rats. Lineage-depleted cortical bone-mesenchymal stem cells demonstrated >150-fold enrichment of colony forming unit–fibroblasts per cell incidence. compared to lineage-depleted bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells, corresponding to a 70-fold increase in absolute recovered colony forming unit–fibroblasts. The composite phenotype Lin–/CD45–/CD31–/VLA-1+/Thy-1+ enriched for clonogenic mesenchymal stem cells solely fr...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering - August 15, 2016 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Blashki, D., Murphy, M. B., Ferrari, M., Simmons, P. J., Tasciotti, E. Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
A recapitulative three-dimensional model of breast carcinoma requires perfusion for multi-week growth
Breast carcinomas are complex, three-dimensional tissues composed of cancer epithelial cells and stromal components, including fibroblasts and extracellular matrix. In vitro models that more faithfully recapitulate this dimensionality and stromal microenvironment should more accurately elucidate the processes driving carcinogenesis, tumor progression, and therapeutic response. Herein, novel in vitro breast carcinoma surrogates, distinguished by a relevant dimensionality and stromal microenvironment, are described and characterized. A perfusion bioreactor system was used to deliver medium to surrogates containing engineered...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering - July 28, 2016 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Goliwas, K. F., Marshall, L. E., Ransaw, E. L., Berry, J. L., Frost, A. R. Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Methods for culturing retinal pigment epithelial cells: a review of current protocols and future recommendations
The retinal pigment epithelium is an important part of the vertebrate eye, particularly in studying the causes and possible treatment of age-related macular degeneration. The retinal pigment epithelium is difficult to access in vivo due to its location at the back of the eye, making experimentation with age-related macular degeneration treatments problematic. An alternative to in vivo experimentation is cultivating the retinal pigment epithelium in vitro, a practice that has been going on since the 1970s, providing a wide range of retinal pigment epithelial culture protocols, each producing cells and tissue of varying degr...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering - July 11, 2016 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Fronk, A. H., Vargis, E. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells promotes mineralization within a biodegradable peptide hydrogel
In this study, the capability of an ionic-complementary peptide FEFEFKFK (F, E, and K are phenylalanine, glutamic acid, and lysine, respectively) hydrogel to host human mesenchymal stem cells in three dimensions and induce their osteogenic differentiation is demonstrated. Assays showed sustained cell viability and proliferation throughout the hydrogel over 12 days of culture and these human mesenchymal stem cells differentiated into osteoblasts simply upon addition of osteogenic stimulation. Differentiated osteoblasts synthesized key bone proteins, including collagen-1 (Col-1), osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase. Moreov...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering - July 11, 2016 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Castillo Diaz, L. A., Elsawy, M., Saiani, A., Gough, J. E., Miller, A. F. Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Multipotent adult progenitor cells on an allograft scaffold facilitate the bone repair process
In this study, we evaluate the osteogenic and angiogenic capacity of multipotent adult progenitor cells, both in vitro and loaded onto demineralized bone matrix in vivo, with comparison to mesenchymal stem cells, as the current standard. When compared to mesenchymal stem cells, multipotent adult progenitor cells exhibited a more robust angiogenic protein release profile in vitro and developed more extensive vasculature within 2 weeks in vivo. The establishment of this vascular network is critical to the ossification process, as it allows nutrient exchange and provides an influx of osteoprogenitor cells to the wound site. I...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering - July 7, 2016 Category: Biotechnology Authors: LoGuidice, A., Houlihan, A., Deans, R. Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Nanopit-induced osteoprogenitor cell differentiation: The effect of nanopit depth
We aimed to assess osteogenesis in osteoprogenitor cells by nanopits and to assess optimal feature depth. Topographies of depth 80, 220 and 333 nm were embossed onto polycaprolactone discs. Bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stromal cells were seeded onto polycaprolactone discs, suspended in media and incubated. Samples were fixed after 3 and 28 days. Cells were stained for the adhesion molecule vinculin and the osteogenic transcription factor RUNX2 after 3 days. Adhesion was lowest on planar controls and it was the shallowest, and 80-nm-deep pits supported optimal adhesion formation. Deep pits (80 and 220 nm) induced m...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering - June 1, 2016 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Davison, M. J., McMurray, R. J., Smith, C.-A., Dalby, M. J., Meek, R. D. Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
