The Impact of Seattle's Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax on Substitution to Sweets and Salty Snacks
ConclusionsThere was modest substitution of SSBs for sweets in Seattle following tax implementation. However, this increase in sales and calories sold is not likely to offset previously identified tax-related reductions in the demand for taxed beverages in Seattle. Thus, SSB taxes are a promising policy tool to reduce caloric intake in the United States. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - June 22, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Associations of Alcohol Consumption with Cardiovascular Disease-Related Proteomic Biomarkers: The Framingham Heart Study
ConclusionsWe identified 20 alcohol-associated proteins in 6745 FHS samples. These alcohol-associated proteins demonstrated complex relations with the 3 CVD risk factors. Future studies with integration of more proteomic markers and larger sample size are warranted to unravel the complex relation between alcohol consumption and CVD risk. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - June 22, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Intermittent Bolus Compared With Continuous Feeding Enhances Insulin and Amino Acid Signaling to Translation Initiation in Skeletal Muscle of Neonatal Pigs
ConclusionsThe enhanced rates of muscle protein synthesis and growth with intermittent bolus compared to continuous feeding in a neonatal piglet model can be explained by enhanced activation of both the insulin- and amino acid-signaling pathways that regulate translation initiation. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - June 22, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Ironing Out the Effects of Overweight and Obesity on Hepcidin Production during Pregnancy
See corresponding article onpage 2296. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - June 22, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Child Undernutrition following the Introduction of a Large-Scale Toilet Construction Campaign in India
ConclusionsAn increase in toilet availability on a national scale, precipitated by the SBM sanitation campaign, is associated with a reduction in undernutrition among u5 children in India over the early phase of the campaign. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - June 18, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Protease Inhibitors Protect Bovine Colostrum or Chicken Egg Growth Factors from Pancreatic Enzyme Digestion in AGS Cells or Colitic Rats
ConclusionsStudies using AGS, cells, and Sprague-Dawley rats showed the protease inhibitors ovomucoid and SBTI protected BC, egg, and EGF against loss of bioactivity due to pancreatic enzymes and, when given with NaHCO3, enhanced colonic protection against DSS damage. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - June 16, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Biomarker Concentrations in White and British Indian Vegetarians and Nonvegetarians in the UK Biobank
ConclusionsThe observed differences in biomarker concentrations, including lower C-reactive protein, lower LDL cholesterol, lower vitamin D, lower creatinine, and lower γ-glutamyltransferase, in vegetarians and vegans may relate to differences in future disease risk. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - June 16, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Prepregnancy Obesity Does Not Impact Placental Iron Trafficking
ConclusionsPlacental iron trafficking did not differ among women with and without PP obesity. Findings reinforce the importance of maternal iron stores in regulating placental iron trafficking. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - June 16, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Energy Restriction Suppresses Muscle Protein Synthesis, and High Protein Diets Extend Protein Half-Lives Across the Muscle Proteome in Obese Female Zucker Rats
ConclusionsER decreased absolute bulk MPS and most individual MPS rates compared with AL, and HP prolonged half-lives of most proteins across the proteome. These data suggest that HP, independent of energy intake, may reduce MPB, and reductions in MPS may contribute to lower gastrocnemius mass during ER by reducing protein deposition in obese female Zucker rats. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - June 16, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Hepatic Energy Metabolism Underlying Differential Lipidomic Responses to High-Carbohydrate and High-Fat Diets in Male Wistar Rats
ConclusionsIn male Wistar rats, dietary carbohydrate was converted into specific fatty acids via hepatic lipogenesis, contributing to higher plasma TG and total fatty acids compared with high-fat feeding. In contrast, the high-fat, low-carbohydrate feeding increased hepatic fatty acid content, without affecting hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - June 16, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Loss of the Vitamin B-12 Transport Protein Tcn2 Results in Maternally Inherited Growth and Developmental Defects in Zebrafish
ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the deposition of vitamin B-12 in the yolk bytcn2 –/– females may be insufficient to support the early development of their offspring. These data present a compelling model to study the effects of vitamin B-12 deficiency on early development, with a particular emphasis on transgenerational effects and gene –environment interactions. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - June 16, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Metabolomic Profiling Demonstrates Postprandial Changes in Fatty Acids and Glycerophospholipids Are Associated with Fasting Inflammation in Guatemalan Adults
ConclusionsPostprandial responses of fatty acids and glycerophospholipids are associated with fasting inflammation status in adults in Guatemala. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - June 10, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Vitamin D Intake and Brain Cortical Thickness in Community-Dwelling Overweight Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
ConclusionsIn cognitively unimpaired older adults, total and supplemental vitamin D intakes were associated with cortical thickness in regions vulnerable to AD.This trial was registered atclinicaltrials.gov as NCT02817074. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - June 10, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, Artificially Sweetened Beverages, and Breast Cancer Risk: Results From 2 Prospective US Cohorts
ConclusionsAlthough no significant associations were observed overall, consumption of SSBs was associated with a slightly higher risk of breast cancer among lean women. This finding could have occurred by chance and needs confirmation. Our findings also suggest no substantial increase in the risk of breast cancer with consumption of ASBs. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - June 10, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Depletion of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in RBCs and Changes of Inflammation Markers in Patients With Morbid Obesity Undergoing Gastric Bypass
ConclusionsThis study presents evidence that RBC and PBMC n-3 FAs are severely reduced in patients with obesity after RYGB. DHA supplementation in PBMC moderates the production of inflammation markers, suggesting that n-3 FA supplementation would merit a trial in bariatric patients. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - June 10, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
