Differences in Early Childhood Dietary Behaviors by Infant Feeding Type and Sex
ConclusionEarly childhood dietary patterns were slightly better among children who were fully breastfed as infants, compared with children in other infant feeding groups. The diets of all WIC-participating children could be improved. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Complementary Feeding Practices in 80 Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Prevalence of and Socioeconomic Inequalities in Dietary Diversity, Meal Frequency, and Dietary Adequacy
ConclusionsMonitoring complementary feeding indicators across the world and implementing policies and programs to reduce wealth-related inequalities are essential to achieve optimal child nutrition. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Dietary Restraint Related to Body Weight Maintenance and Neural Processing in Value-Coding Areas in Adolescents
ConclusionsOur findings suggest that dietary restraint in adolescents could be a preventive factor for weight gain; its effect involves modulating the vmPFC, which is associated with food value coding. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Predicting Protein and Fat Content in Human Donor Milk Using Machine Learning
ConclusionsMachine learning models can provide accurate predictions of macronutrient content in donor milk. The macronutrient content of pooled milk had a lower prediction error, reinforcing the value of pooling practices. Future research should examine how macronutrient content predictions can be used to facilitate milk bank pooling strategies. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Protein Source and Quality for Skeletal Muscle Anabolism in Young and Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
ConclusionsThe current review suggests that protein qualitymay provide a small but significant impact on indices of muscle protein anabolism in young and older adults. However, further research is warranted to elucidate the importance of protein source/quality on musculoskeletal aging, particularly in situations of low protein intake. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Gestational Folate and Folic Acid Intake among Women in Canada at Higher Risk of Pre-Eclampsia
ConclusionsThe majority of participants in this Canadian pregnancy cohort did not consume the recommended amount of folate from dietary sources. However, most prenatal supplements contained 1000 μg FA, resulting in the majority of women exceeding the UL. With no additional benefit associated with FA intakes beyond the UL for most women, modification of prenatal supplement formulations may be warranted to ensure women meet but do not exceed recommended FA intakes.FACT was registered atclinicaltrials.gov as NCT01355159 and atisrctn.com as ISRCTN23781770. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Abundance in Mouse and Human Gut Can Predict Metabolism of Oat Avenanthramides
See corresponding article onpage 1426. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Maternal Late-Pregnancy Serum Unmetabolized Folic Acid Concentrations Are Not Associated with Infant Allergic Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study
ConclusionsIn this cohort of children at high risk of allergic disease there was no association between maternal UMFA or serum folate concentrations measured in late pregnancy and allergic disease outcomes at 1 y of age. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Public Health Decisions Are Made at the Tails of the Distribution: A Novel Tool to Estimate Usual Intake Distributions from Short-Term Dietary Assessment Methods
See corresponding article onpage 1329. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Cholecalciferol Supplementation Does Not Prevent the Development of Metabolic Syndrome or Enhance the Beneficial Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Obese Mice
ConclusionsOverall, D3 supplementation does not prevent CMD or enhance the beneficial effects of ω-3FA in vitamin D–sufficient obese mice. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 13, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Dihydromyricetin Imbues Antiadipogenic Effects on 3T3-L1 Cells via Direct Interactions with 78-kDa Glucose-Regulated Protein
ConclusionsDHM targets GRP78 in vitro. DHM is able to reduce lipid droplet formation in 3T3-L1 cells through a mode of action that is plausibly associated with direct interactions between GRP78 and DHM, which is a step forward in determining potential applications of DHM as an anti-obesity agent. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Dietary Supplementation with Glycine Enhances Intestinal Mucosal Integrity and Ameliorates Inflammation in C57BL/6J Mice with High-Fat Diet –Induced Obesity
ConclusionsGly supplementation enhanced the intestinal barrier and ameliorated inflammation and insulin resistance in HFD-fed mice. These effects of Gly were associated with reduced ER stress –related apoptosis in the intestine of obese mice. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Wasting and Stunting in Infants and Young Children as Risk Factors for Subsequent Stunting or Mortality: Longitudinal Analysis of Data from Malawi, South Africa, and Pakistan
ConclusionsWaSt greatly increased the risk of death, particularly in very young infants, but more deaths overall were associated with stunting. Most stunting appeared to be either intrauterine in origin or arose in children without prior wasting. Either stunting and wasting represent alternative responses to restricted nutrition, or stunting also has other, nonnutritional causes. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Longitudinal Assessment of Vitamin D Status across Trimesters of Pregnancy
ConclusionsThere was an increase in serum total 25(OH)D concentrations across trimesters, independent of ppBMI, seasonal variation, and vitamin D intake from supplements. Almost all women had serum total 25(OH)D concentrations over the 40- and 50-nmol/L thresholds, thus our study supports the prenatal use of a multivitamin across pregnancy. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Dietary Selenium Requirement for the Prevention of Glucose Intolerance and Insulin Resistance in Middle-Aged Mice
ConclusionsMice fed diets containing ≤0.10 mg Se/kg display impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, suggesting increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes by suboptimal Se status at levels ≤23% of nutritional needs. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
