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Attenuation of muscle wasting in murine C2C12 myotubes by epigallocatechin-3-gallate
ConclusionThe ability of EGCg to attenuate depressed protein synthesis and increase protein degradation in the myotubule model system suggests that it may be effective in preserving skeletal muscle mass in catabolic conditions. (Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle)
Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - December 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Ventricular assist device implantation improves skeletal muscle function, oxidative capacity, and growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis signaling in patients with advanced heart failure
ConclusionOur data demonstrate that VAD implantation corrects GH/IGF-1 signaling, improves muscle structure and function, and enhances oxidative muscle metabolism in patients with advanced HF. (Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle)
Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - December 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Rehabilitation nutrition for sarcopenia with disability: a combination of both rehabilitation and nutrition care management
AbstractMalnutrition and sarcopenia often occur in rehabilitation settings. The prevalence of malnutrition and sarcopenia in older patients undergoing rehabilitation is 49 –67 % and 40–46.5 %, respectively. Malnutrition and sarcopenia are associated with poorer rehabilitation outcome and physical function. Therefore, a combination of both rehabilitation and nutrition care management may improve outcome in disabled elderly with malnutrition and sarcopenia. The co ncept of rehabilitation nutrition as a combination of both rehabilitation and nutrition care management and the International Classification of Functioning, ...
Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - December 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Skeletal myopathy in patients with chronic heart failure: significance of anabolic-androgenic hormones
AbstractIn heart failure, impairment of cardiac muscle function leads to numerous neurohormonal and metabolic disorders, including an imbalance between anabolic and catabolic processes, in favour of the latter. These disorders cause loss of muscle mass with structural and functional changes within the skeletal muscles, known as skeletal myopathy. This phenomenon constitutes an important mechanism that participates in the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure. both its clinical symptoms and the progression of the disease. Attempts to reverse the above-mentioned pathologic processes by exploiting the anabolic action of andro...
Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - December 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Attenuation of muscle wasting in murine C 2 C 12 myotubes by epigallocatechin-3-gallate
ConclusionThe ability of EGCg to attenuate depressed protein synthesis and increase protein degradation in the myotubule model system suggests that it may be effective in preserving skeletal muscle mass in catabolic conditions. (Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle)
Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - December 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Prevalence, incidence, and clinical impact of sarcopenia: facts, numbers, and epidemiology —update 2014
AbstractSarcopenia is now defined as a decline in walking speed or grip strength associated with low muscle mass. Sarcopenia leads to loss of mobility and function, falls, and mortality. Sarcopenia is a major cause of frailty, but either condition can occur without the other being present. Sarcopenia is present in about 5 to 10  % of persons over 65 years of age. It has multiple causes including disease, decreased caloric intake, poor blood flow to muscle, mitochondrial dysfunction, a decline in anabolic hormones, and an increase in proinflammatory cytokines. Basic therapy includes resistance exercise and protein and vit...
Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - December 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Cachexia: a problem of energetic inefficiency
AbstractAn alteration of energy balance is the immediate cause of the so-called cachexia. Although alterations of energy intake are often associated with cachexia, it has lately became clear that an increased energy expenditure is the main cause of wasting associated with different types of pathological conditions, such as cancer, infections or chronic heart failure among others. Different types of molecular mechanisms contribute to energy expenditure and, therefore, involuntary body weight loss; among them, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) consumption by sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pumps could represent a key mechanism. In ot...
Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - December 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Prevalence, incidence and clinical impact of cachexia: facts and numbers —update 2014
AbstractCachexia is a serious but underrecognised consequence of many chronic diseases. Its prevalence ranges from 5 –15 % in end-stage chronic heart failure to 50–80 % in advanced cancer. Cachexia is also part of the terminal course of many patients with chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and rheumatoid arthritis. Mortality rates of patients with cachexia range from 10–15 % per year in COPD through 20–30 % per year in chronic heart failure and chronic kidney disease to 80 % in cancer. The condition is also associated with poor quality of life. In the industrialised world, the o...
Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - December 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Formoterol in the treatment of experimental cancer cachexia: effects on heart function
ConclusionsThe results suggest that formoterol treatment, in addition to reducing muscle wasting, does not negatively alter heart function —in fact, some cardiac parameters are improved—in animals affected by cancer cachexia. (Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle)
Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - December 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Modeling human cancer cachexia in colon 26 tumor-bearing adult mice
ConclusionsAlthough cancer cachexia generally occurs in older individuals, these data suggest that the phenotype and underlying mechanisms can be effectively modeled using the currently accepted protocol in juvenile mice. (Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle)
Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - December 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Anamorelin HCl (ONO-7643), a novel ghrelin receptor agonist, for the treatment of cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome: preclinical profile
ConclusionANAM is a potent and highly specific ghrelin receptor agonist with significant appetite-enhancing activity, leading to increases in FI and BW, and a stimulatory effect on GH secretion. These results support the continued investigation of ANAM as a potential treatment of cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome. (Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle)
Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - December 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Sarcopenia: describing rather than defining a condition
ConclusionConsideration was given to studies of the NMJ to advance the idea that present notions of the sarcopenic condition are incomplete and that at its ’ core, sarcopenia is an age-related disorder of the NMJ. (Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle)
Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - December 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Does IGFR1 inhibition result in increased muscle mass loss in patients undergoing treatment for pancreatic cancer?
ConclusionsMPC patients can be expected to lose muscle mass even while having clinical benefit (PR or SD) from chemotherapy. Muscle loss correlated with a risk of study drop-out and death. There was a non-significant trend toward greater muscle mass loss in patients on anti-IGF-1R therapy. However, it is unclear if this loss translates into functional differences between patients. (Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle)
Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - December 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Erratum to: Ventricular assist device implantation improves skeletal muscle function, oxidative capacity, and growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis signaling in patients with advanced heart failure
(Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle)
Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - December 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Synemin: an evolving role in tumor growth and progression
(Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle)
Source: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - December 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research