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Nightmare distress revisited: Cognitive appraisal of nightmares according to Lazarus’ transactional model of stress
Publication date: September 2020Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, Volume 68Author(s): Annika Gieselmann, Nina Elberich, Jonas Mathes, Reinhard PietrowskyAbstractAim of the current research was to newly conceptualize nightmare distress. The special focus was on the appraisal of nightmare distress while applying a theory-driven approach based on Lazarus’ transactional model of stress. It was argued that individuals feel the more distressed the more they feel threatened and harmed by their nightmares (primary appraisal according to Lazarus) and the more they lack of adequate coping skills to d...
Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry - December 28, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

D-cycloserine as adjunct to brief computerised CBT for spider fear: Effects on fear, behaviour, and cognitive biases
ConclusionsThese findings do not provide evidence for information-processing biases relating to treatment outcome following computerised CBT for spider fear or augmentation with DCS. (Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry - December 26, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

A personalized approach-avoidance modification intervention to reduce negative body image. A placebo-controlled pilot study
ConclusionsTaken together, our study did not provide evidence that training approach-avoidance tendencies is effective in improving negative body image. (Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry - December 19, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Disgust regulation between menstrual cycle phases: Differential effects of emotional suppression and reappraisal
ConclusionsSuppression may be a more effective strategy than reappraisal for reducing verbal disgust in the follicular phase but not those in the luteal phase. The implications of these findings for the treatment of disgust-based disorders among women are discussed. (Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry - December 19, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Context matters: The role of subjective arousal during Attentional Bias Modification targeting socially anxious students
ConclusionsThis study did not provide support for the moderating role of arousal in ABM training effects. Replications with more effective mood induction procedures and more power are needed as a trend finding was observed suggesting that higher levels of arousal improved the direct ABM effects on attentional bias. (Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry - December 19, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Affect variability and emotional reactivity in generalized anxiety disorder
Conclusions: These findings suggest that individuals with GAD symptoms experience higher levels of affective arousal variability, even when the stimuli presented are held constant. Assessing variability in affective arousal may be helpful in both conceptualizing and treating individuals with GAD symptoms. (Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry - December 17, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Reappraisal is an effective emotion regulation strategy in children with Tourette syndrome and ADHD
ConclusionsCognitive reappraisal appears to be a beneficial ER strategy for children regardless of diagnostic status. Our findings indicate that children can learn and employ an adaptive ER strategy when instructed in the technique, even in the presence of attention problems, which is highly relevant to therapeutic approaches to dysregulated behavior. (Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry - December 11, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

The influence of ruminative processing mode on the trajectory of intrusive memories following a negative mood induction
ConclusionsIn contrast to previous findings, our results suggest that any form of rumination about an event (whether in an abstract or concrete mode) may temporarily result in fewer intrusive memories in comparison to distraction. Processing mode does not appear to predict particular trajectories of intrusions following a mood induction. (Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry - November 21, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: March 2020Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, Volume 66Author(s): (Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry - November 15, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Temporal trends in attention disengagement from social threat as a function of social anxiety
ConclusionsFindings suggest that social anxiety is associated with an initial delay in attention disengagement from social threat that resolves over the course of repeated exposures to such stimuli. Treatment implications are discussed. (Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry - November 12, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Prospective intolerance of uncertainty is associated with maladaptive temporal distribution of avoidance responses: An extension of Flores, López, Vervliet, and Cobos (2018)
ConclusionsThese results suggest that excessive avoidance is also driven by uncertainty of threat timing and highlight the relevance of P-IU as a vulnerability factor for excessive and outspread avoidance behaviors. (Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry - November 9, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Establishing the dose of memory support to improve patient memory for treatment and treatment outcome
ConclusionsTreatment providers appear to deliver a suboptimal amount of memory support. Delivering the optimal dose of memory support could improve treatment outcome. (Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry - November 9, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Attentional bias modification with a new paradigm: The effect of the Detection Engagement and Savoring Positivity (DESP) task on eye-tracking of attention
ConclusionsThe DESP task offers promising perspectives for sustainably improving attention to positive information. (Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry - November 9, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Gazing rituals in body dysmorphic disorder
ConclusionsOur findings support the cognitive-behavioral models for BDD and indicate that therapists may extend therapeutic interventions like mirror retraining by specific perceptual retraining with photographs of the patients. (Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry - November 6, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Costly avoidance in anxious individuals: Elevated threat avoidance in anxious individuals under high, but not low competing rewards
ConclusionsThese findings suggest that a weaker impact of rewards competing with threat during approach-avoidance behavior contributes to elevated threat avoidance in anxious psychopathology. Costly avoidance may thus be a factor involved in anxious psychopathology. (Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry - October 31, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research