Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

The Relations Among Stress, Executive Functions, and Harsh Parenting in Mothers.
This study's first aim examined the moderating role of maternal EF on the associations between SES and household chaos, and harsh parenting. The second aim investigated the effects of experimentally induced stress on harsh parenting and whether maternal EF moderated these effects. A final sample of 101 mothers of 6 to 10-year-old children participated by completing measures of EF, household chaos, SES, and harsh parenting. Additionally, mothers were randomly assigned to either a stress group or a control group. Throughout the stress (or control) induction, mothers rated their harsh parenting in response to child misbehavio...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - January 28, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Park JL, Johnston C Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Which 'Working' Components of Working Memory aren't Working in Youth with ADHD?
Abstract Despite replicated evidence for working memory deficits in youth with ADHD, no study has comprehensively assessed all three primary 'working' subcomponents of the working memory system in these children. Children ages 8-13 with (n = 45) and without (n = 41) ADHD (40% female; Mage = 10.5; 65% Caucasian/Non-Hispanic) completed a counterbalanced battery of nine tasks (three per construct) assessing working memory reordering (maintaining and rearranging information in mind), updating (active monitoring of incoming information and replacing outdated with relevant information), and dual-proc...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - January 26, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Fosco WD, Kofler MJ, Groves NB, Chan ESM, Raiker JS Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Pupil Response to Affective Stimuli: a Biomarker of Early Conduct Problems in Young Children.
Abstract Childhood conduct problems have been associated with reduced autonomic arousal to negative cues indicative of an insensitivity to aversive stimuli, with mixed evidence in response to positive cues. Autonomic arousal to affective stimuli has traditionally been measured through galvanic skin responses and heart-rate, despite evidence that pupillometry is more reliable and practically beneficial (i.e., no wires are attached to the participant). The current study is the first to examine abnormal pupillary responsivity to affective stimuli as a biomarker for childhood conduct problems. We measured pupi...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - January 24, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Burley DT, van Goozen SHM Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Modeling Treatment-Related Decision-Making Using Applied Behavioral Economics: Caregiver Perspectives in Temporally-Extended Behavioral Treatments.
This study applied delay discounting methods to evaluate how delays affected caregiver preferences related to options for managing their child's behavior. Specifically, methods were designed to evaluate the degree to which caregiver preferences for a more efficacious, recommended approach was affected by delays (i.e., numbers of weeks in treatment). That is, methods evaluated at which point caregivers opted to disregard the optimal, delayed strategy and instead elected to pursue suboptimal, immediate strategies. Results indicated that caregivers regularly discounted the value of the more efficacious treatment, electing to ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - January 24, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Gilroy SP, Kaplan BA Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

When Do those "Risk-Taking Adolescents" Take Risks? The Combined Effects of Risk Encouragement by Peers, Mild-to-Borderline Intellectual Disability and Sex.
Abstract Adolescents with mild to borderline intellectual disability (MBID) show more daily life risk taking than typically developing adolescents. To obtain insight in when these "risk-taking adolescents" especially take risks, we investigated main and interaction effects of (a) MBID, (b) sex, and (c) type of peer influence on risk taking. The Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) was used as a proxy of real-life risk taking. 356 adolescents (12-19 years, 51.7% MBID, 63.4% boys) were randomly assigned to one of three BART peer-influence conditions: solo (no peers), positive risk encouragement (e.g., 'You are...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - January 16, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Wagemaker E, Huizenga HM, Dekkers TJ, Collot d'Escury-Koenigs AL, Salemink E, Bexkens A Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

ADHD Parent and Teacher Symptom Ratings: Differential Item Functioning across Gender, Age, Race, and Ethnicity.
This study extended prior investigations establishing measurement invariance at the symptom dimension and item levels, by examining possible measurement variance across child demographic characteristics at the item level (i.e., differential item functioning [DIF]) in two large national samples. Using the Rasch rating scale model (Andrich Psychometrika, 43, 561-73, 1978), we examined DIF of the 18 ADHD symptoms in samples of 2079 children (n = 1037 males) from 5 to 17 years old (M = 10.7; SD = 3.8) rated by parents and 1070 children (n = 535 males) aged from 5 to 17 years old (M = 11.5; SD = 3.5) r...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - January 13, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: DuPaul GJ, Fu Q, Anastopoulos AD, Reid R, Power TJ Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Examining Longitudinal Associations between Externalizing and Internalizing Behavior Problems at Within- and Between-Child Levels.
This study aimed to better understand the sources of co-occurring behavior problems by disentangling within- and between-child levels of associations between the two across the five years of childhood, from pre-kindergarten to Grade 3. We analyzed a longitudinal sample of 1060 children from non-urban settings in the U.S. using random-intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPMs) as an alternative to the commonly-used standard CLPMs. Results indicate that co-occurring externalizing and internalizing problems can be explained partly by a unidirectional influence from externalizing to internalizing problems operating within ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - January 9, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Oh Y, Greenberg MT, Willoughby MT, Family Life Project Key Investigators Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Executive Function and Trajectories of Emotion Dysregulation in Children with Parent-Reported Behavior Problems.
This study focused on 199 3-year-old children with parent-reported behavior problems who took part in a larger longitudinal study. Results revealed that response inhibition and working memory were not predictive of later emotion dysregulation. Gender differences emerged for delay aversion and attentional control. Boys who performed better on delay aversion tasks exhibited lower emotion dysregulation related to threat 2 years later, whereas girls who performed better on delay aversion tasks exhibited higher threat-related emotion dysregulation 2 years later. Better performance on a visual attention task significantly pred...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - January 5, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Binder AS, Brown HR, Harvey EA Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Conceptualizing Callous-Unemotional Traits in Preschool through Confirmatory Factor and Network Analysis.
Abstract Callous - unemotional (CU) traits are a key factor in understanding the persistence and severity of conduct problems. Most research has used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine the structure of CU traits; however, most CFA models have yielded marginally acceptable fit, and little research has examined the structure of CU traits in preschool. This gap highlights the need for a more nuanced approach in understanding the structure of CU traits during preschool via statistical examination of inter - item relationships (i.e., network analysis). Therefore, the current study used both CFA and n...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - January 2, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Bansal PS, Goh PK, Lee CA, Martel MM Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

An Examination of Relations Among Working Memory, ADHD Symptoms, and Emotion Regulation.
Abstract Emotion regulation difficulties are present in many, if not most, children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and confer risk for a host of adverse outcomes. Little is known, however, regarding the neurocognitive and behavioral mechanisms that underlie these difficulties. A well-characterized, clinically evaluated sample of 145 children ages 8-13 years (M = 10.33, SD = 1.47; 55 girls; 69% White/non-Hispanic) were administered multiple, counterbalanced working memory tests and assessed for emotion dysregulation and ADHD symptoms via multiple-informant reports. Bias-correcte...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - January 2, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Groves NB, Kofler MJ, Wells EL, Day TN, Chan ESM Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Mitigation of a Prospective Association Between Early Language Delay at Toddlerhood and ADHD Among Bilingual Preschoolers: Evidence from the GUSTO Cohort.
Abstract There is accumulating evidence of a prospective relation between early language problems and ADHD, a disorder associated with deficits in executive functioning. However, little is known regarding this link among bilingual children. Here, we investigate whether (i) the prediction from language to ADHD may be lower among bilinguals, and (ii) explore if this moderation can be explained by differential executive functioning ability. Utilising a prospective sample of 408 South-East Asian toddlers, bilingual exposure as a moderator of the link between language delay at 24 months to ADHD intermediate di...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - January 2, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Goh SKY, Yang H, Tsotsi S, Qiu A, Chong YS, Tan KH, Pei-Chi LS, Broekman BFP, Rifkin-Graboi A Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Adult Ratings of Child ADHD Symptoms: Importance of Race, Role, and Context.
Abstract Diagnostic assessment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children necessarily involves subjective judgements about the severity, frequency, and impact of symptoms on the part of parents, teachers, and clinicians. Thus, it is possible that parent and teacher ratings may be discrepant as a function of child and adult respondent race, adult role (i.e., parent or teacher), and environmental context (e.g., classroom vs. home). In order to fully understand racial differences in ADHD symptom ratings, it is important to disentangle the relative contributions of these factors. This comme...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - January 2, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: DuPaul GJ Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Prosocial attention in children with and without autism spectrum disorder: Dissociation between anticipatory gaze and internal arousal.
We presented typically developing (TD) children and children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), who often have difficulty developing prosocial behaviour, with scenarios in which an adult needed a dropped object to finish a task but was subsequently not helped by a second adult. In a perceptually matched non-social control scenario, children saw self-propelled objects move and drop without any adult present in the scene. Results showed a dissociation between arousal (pupil dilation) and the anticipation of the individual's need (gaze patterns), such that only TD children looked longer at the correct solution to the adult...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - December 27, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Hepach R, Hedley D, Nuske HJ Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Decision-Making Deficits in Adolescent Boys with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): an Experimental Assessment of Associated Mechanisms.
Abstract Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) demonstrate increased levels of real-life risk-taking behavior like substance abuse and reckless behavior in traffic, which potentially originates in decision-making deficits. Using experimental gambling tasks, the current study investigated three potential underlying mechanisms: (1) risky vs. suboptimal decision making, (2) the complexity of decision-making strategies and (3) the influence of feedback. Participants were 181 male adolescents (81 ADHD, 100 Typically Developing (TD); Mage = 15.1 years). First, we addressed a commo...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - December 27, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Dekkers TJ, Huizenga HM, Popma A, Bexkens A, Zadelaar JN, Jansen BRJ Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Differences in Parent and Child Report on the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional  Disorders (SCARED): Implications for Investigations of Social Anxiety in Adolescents.
Differences in Parent and Child Report on the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED): Implications for Investigations of Social Anxiety in Adolescents. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2019 Dec 18;: Authors: Bowers ME, Reider LB, Morales S, Buzzell GA, Miller N, Troller-Renfree SV, Pine DS, Henderson HA, Fox NA Abstract Social anxiety typically emerges by adolescence and is one of the most common anxiety disorders. Many clinicians and researchers utilize the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED) to quantify anxiety symptoms, including social anxiety, t...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - December 17, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Bowers ME, Reider LB, Morales S, Buzzell GA, Miller N, Troller-Renfree SV, Pine DS, Henderson HA, Fox NA Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research